Abstract
In this research, we have studied some opportunities for using hazelnut shells (Coryllus avellana L.) as compressed combustible fuel in the context of biomass material. A pellet mill was used during the production. The physical and chemical characteristics of the material obtained were subjected to various combustion, calorie and chemical tests. The calorific value of the obtained compressed material and the standby time in its glowing state was improved. We have determined that such charcoal, made from hazelnut shells, has characteristics similar to another coal made from wood timber and can be used in similar ways.
References
- ASTM-D 4239, 2002. Standard Test Methods for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Methods International West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
- ASTM-D 5016, 2002. Standard test method for total sulfur in coal and coke combustion residues using a high-temperature tube furnace combustion method with infrared absorption, International West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
- Çöpür Y, Güler C, Akgül M and Taşcıoğlu C. 2007. Some chemical properties of hazelnut husk and its suitability for particleboard production, Building and Environment, 42 (7): 2568-2572.
- Demirbaş A, 1999. Properties of charcoal derived from hazelnutshell and the production of briquettes using pyrolytic oil, Energy, 24 (2): 141-150.
- Demirbaş A, 2002. Fuel Characteristics of Olive Husk and Walnut, Hazelnut, Sunfower, and Almond Shells, Energy Sources, 24: 215-221.
- Eroğlu H, 1988. Fiberboard Industry. Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, p. 545.
- Güler C and Akgül M. 2002. Utilization of same woody and annual plants in energy production, GAP IV. Engineering congress, Şanlıurfa, 1653-1658.
- Mennan H, Ngouajio M, Işik D and Kaya E. 2006. Effects of alternative management systems on weed populations in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Crop Protection, 25: 835–841.
- Sjostrom E, 1993. Wood Chemistry, Fundamentals and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
- Tappi 204, 1997. Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 207, 1999. Water solubility of wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 211, 1993. Ash in wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 212, 1998. One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 222, 1998. Acid-Insoluble Lignin in Wood and Pulp, TAPPI Standads.
- Tappi 257, 1985. Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, TAPPI Standards.
- TS 711 ISO 562, 2002. Hard coal and coke - Determination of volatile matter.
- TS ISO 1171, 2006. Solid mineral fuels - Determination of ash content.
- TS ISO 1928, 2006. Solid mineral fuels - Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimetric method, and calculation of net calorific value.
- Yalınkılıç M K, Torul O and Tunç S. 1992. Some woods and lignocelluloses annual plat heat values, National forest product congress I, Trabzon, p. 136-158.
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Odun Dışı Orman Ürünleri kapsamında biyokütle kaynaklarından fındık kabuklarının (Coryllus avellana L.) sıkıştırılmış yakıt malzemesi olarak değerlendirilme olanakları araştırılmıştır. Pellet değirmeni kullanılarak sıkıştırılmış yakıt materyalinin üretimi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen malzemenin fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri ile çeşitli yanma, kalori ve kül testleri yapılmıştır. Fındık kabuğundan elde edilen sıkıştırılmış biyokütle materyalin özellikle mangal kömürü olarak değerlendirilebileceği ve diğer odunlardan elde edilen mangal kömürü yakıtı ile elde edilen ısıl değerlere yakın özelliklerde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
References
- ASTM-D 4239, 2002. Standard Test Methods for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Methods International West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
- ASTM-D 5016, 2002. Standard test method for total sulfur in coal and coke combustion residues using a high-temperature tube furnace combustion method with infrared absorption, International West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
- Çöpür Y, Güler C, Akgül M and Taşcıoğlu C. 2007. Some chemical properties of hazelnut husk and its suitability for particleboard production, Building and Environment, 42 (7): 2568-2572.
- Demirbaş A, 1999. Properties of charcoal derived from hazelnutshell and the production of briquettes using pyrolytic oil, Energy, 24 (2): 141-150.
- Demirbaş A, 2002. Fuel Characteristics of Olive Husk and Walnut, Hazelnut, Sunfower, and Almond Shells, Energy Sources, 24: 215-221.
- Eroğlu H, 1988. Fiberboard Industry. Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, p. 545.
- Güler C and Akgül M. 2002. Utilization of same woody and annual plants in energy production, GAP IV. Engineering congress, Şanlıurfa, 1653-1658.
- Mennan H, Ngouajio M, Işik D and Kaya E. 2006. Effects of alternative management systems on weed populations in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Crop Protection, 25: 835–841.
- Sjostrom E, 1993. Wood Chemistry, Fundamentals and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
- Tappi 204, 1997. Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 207, 1999. Water solubility of wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 211, 1993. Ash in wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 212, 1998. One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood and pulp, TAPPI Standards.
- Tappi 222, 1998. Acid-Insoluble Lignin in Wood and Pulp, TAPPI Standads.
- Tappi 257, 1985. Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, TAPPI Standards.
- TS 711 ISO 562, 2002. Hard coal and coke - Determination of volatile matter.
- TS ISO 1171, 2006. Solid mineral fuels - Determination of ash content.
- TS ISO 1928, 2006. Solid mineral fuels - Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimetric method, and calculation of net calorific value.
- Yalınkılıç M K, Torul O and Tunç S. 1992. Some woods and lignocelluloses annual plat heat values, National forest product congress I, Trabzon, p. 136-158.
Details
| Journal Section | İç Anadolu’da Ağaçlandırma Çalışmaları |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | February 15, 2013 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2013 Volume: 9 Issue: 2 |
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