Yeni medyada siyasal iletişim Sürecinin Kavramsallaştırılmasında Alternatif Modeller: Müzakereci ve Agonistik Demokrasi Yaklaşımları

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 174 - 200, 23.04.2017

Kamil Demirhan

https://doi.org/10.19145/gumuscomm.288417

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı yeni medya platformlarında siyasal
iletişim sürecini açıklamak için liberal modele alternatif kavramsallaştırmalar
sunmaktır. Liberal temsili demokrasiye ilişkin katılımcı eleştiriler müzakereci
ve agonistik demokrasi kuramları çerçevesinde gelişmiştir. Her iki demokrasi
yaklaşımı da siyaset ve siyasal olana ilişkin hem liberal modelden hem de
birbirlerinden farklı tasarımlara sahiptir. Bununla birlikte her iki yaklaşımda
da iletişim siyasetin ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Günümüzde katılım ve iletişim
denildiğinde ilk akla gelen yeni medya platformlarıdır. Müzakereci ve agonistik
demokrasi yaklaşımları, liberal demokrasi yaklaşımında internetin siyasal
pazarlama ve siyasal reklamcılığa katkısını anlamak ve geliştirmek üzerine
kurulan kavramsal çerçeveye alternatif yaklaşımlar sağlamaktadır. Bu alternatif
yaklaşımlar kapsamında geliştirilen kavramsal çerçeveler yeni medya platformlarında
gerçekleştirilen iletişim sürecini açıklama gücüne sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, ilk
olarak, liberal yaklaşıma dayanan kavramsal çerçeveye değinilecektir. İkinci
olarak, müzakereci demokraside önemli bir yeri olan siyaset ve iletişim
ilişkisi çerçevesinde yeni medyada siyasal iletişimin anlamlandırılmasında kullanılabilecek
olan müzakereci model sunulacaktır. Son olarak, agonistik demokrasinin siyaset
ve iletişime ilişkin yaklaşımlardan yola çıkılarak yeni medyada siyasal
iletişimin anlamlandırılmasında kullanılabilecek olan agonistik model açıklanacaktır.
Alan yazında bu alternatif yaklaşımlar içerisinde müzakereci model kapsamında geliştirilen
çalışmalar bulunmakla birlikte yeni medyada siyasal iletişim sürecini açıklamak
üzere agonistik modele başvuran çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu çalışmanın, ele
aldığı alternatif kavramsal modeller aracılığıyla internet ve sosyal medyada
siyasal iletişim alanının farklı perspektiflerden anlaşılmasına ve analizine katkı
sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

İnternet, Sosyal Medya, İletişim Ağı, Katılım, Müzakereci Demokrasi, Agonistik Demokrasi

Alternative models for the conceptualizatıon of political communication on new media: deliberative and agonistic democracy approaches

Abstract

This study aims at
providing alternative conceptualizations to liberal model explaining political
communication on new media platforms. The participative critics on liberal
representative democracy are released around the theories of deliberative and
agonistic democracy. The projections of these democracy models about “politics”
and “political” differs from both each other and from liberal model. However,
communication is the essential part of politics for both of these theories. Today,
the terms of participation and communication firstly call to mind the new media
platforms. Deliberative and agonistic democracy approaches provide alternative
aspects to the conceptual frame consisting of the perspective of liberal
democracy which aims at explaining the contribution of Internet to political
marketing and political advertisement, and developing it. The conceptual frames,
consisting of these alternative approaches, have potential to explain the
communication process on new media platforms. This study, firstly, insists on the
conceptual frame consisting of liberal approach. Secondly, it presents the
deliberative model which can be used to explain political communication on new
media in terms of the significant place of relationship between politics and
communication in deliberative democracy. Lastly, it presents the agonistic
model which can be used to explain political communication on new media with
reference to the approaches on communication and politics in agonistic
democracy. In literature, among alternative approaches, there are studies
organized in terms of deliberative model, but there are few studies refer to
agonistic model to explain political communication on new media platforms. This
study can contribute to the explanation and the analyses of political
communication on Internet and social media from different perspectives by means
of using alternative conceptualizations. 

Keywords

Internet, Social Media, Communication Network, Participation, Deliberative Democracy, Agonistik Democracy

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