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TURİZMDE TAŞIMA KAPASİTESİNİN ÖNEMİ

Year 2007, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 485 - 501, 01.10.2007

Abstract

Bu çalışma taşıma kapasitesinin turizm alanındaki önemini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Öncelikle bir bölgede plansız turizm gelişiminin yaratacağı olumsuz etkiler belirlenmiş, özellikle turizmin doğal çevre ile sosyal çevre üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Daha sonraki aşamada turizmde taşıma kapasiteleriyle ilgili literatür taraması yapılmış, turizmde taşıma kapasiteleri dört farklı kapasite türü içinde incelenmiştir. Ekolojik taşıma kapasitesi, toplumsal taşıma kapasitesi, psikolojik taşıma kapasitesi ve ekonomik taşıma kapasiteleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Turizmde taşıma kapasitesine etki edecek faktörler araştırılmış, taşıma kapasitesi belirlenirken karşılaşılan sorunlar incelenmiştir. Gelecekte turizmin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak ve olumlu gelişimini sağlamak amacıyla taşıma kapasitesi ile çözüm önerileri getirilmeye çalışılmıştır

References

  • ARNBERGER, A., HAIDER, W. ve MUHAR, A. (2004):Social Carrying Capacity of an Urban Park in Vienna, Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 2 http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2004/mwp002.htm
  • BAYSAN, S. (2004): Ekolojik Etkiler: Turistler, Konaklama Sektörü ve Yerel Halkın Tutumları, Editörler: Atilla Yüksel, Murat Hançer, Turizm İlkeler ve Yönetim, Turhan Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • BROWN, M. T. ve ULGIATI, S. (2001): “Emergy Measures of Carrying Capacity to Evaluate Economic Investments” Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, V 22, N 5, May.
  • BRYLSKE, A. ve FLUMERFELT, S. (2004): “Assessing The Carrying Capacity Of Mpas: How Many Visitors Can Your Mpa Hold?” Mpa News International News And Analysis On Marine Protected Areas, Vol. 6, No. 2, August.
  • COCCOSSIS, H. ve, MEXA A. (2002): Defining, Measuring And Evaluating Carrying Capacity In European Tourism Destinations, University of Aegean, Athens.
  • COLLINS, A. (1999): “Tourism Development and Natural Capital” Annalys of Tourism Research. Volume 26, Issue 1, Jonuary, pp 98-109.
  • ÇAVUŞ, Ş. (2002): Turistik Merkezlerin Taşıma Kapasiteleri İle Yaşam Evreleri Arasındaki İlişkiler ve Kuşadası Örneğinde Değerlendirme, Dokuzeylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Turizm İşletmeciliği Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi, İzmir.
  • ÇAVUŞ, Ş. (2004): Turizmde Taşıma Kapasitesi, Editörler: Atilla Yüksel, Murat Hançer Editörler: Atilla Yüksel, Murat Hançer, Turizm İlkeler ve Yönetim. Turhan Kitapevi, Ankara.
  • DALL, S. M., BRANDOLINI, A. ve MOSET R. (2005): Social Carrying Capacity of Mass Tourist Sites: Theoretical And Practical Issues About Its Measurement., The Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Note Di Lavoro Series Index: Http://www.Feem.İt/Feem/Pub/Publications/Wpapers/Default.Htm
  • DEMİR, C. ve ÇEVİRGEN, A. (2006): Turizm ve Çevre Yönetimi Sürdürülebilir Gelişme Yaklaşımı, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • DOĞAN, H. Z. (1987): Turizmin Sosyo-Kültürel Temelleri. Uğur Ofset, İzmir.
  • FENNELL, D A (2002): Planning Natural Resource-Based Tourism Programs CABI Publishing, Cambridge, USA.
  • GETZ, D. (1983): “Capacity to Absorb Tourism - Concepts and Implications for Strategic Planning” Annals of Tourism Research , V10, Is 2, 239 – 261
  • GÜRKAN, İ. (1996): “Turizmin Sosyal Yapı Üzerindeki Etkiler” Anatolia, Mart- Haziran, Mina Ofset, Ankara.
  • HALL, C. M. (2001): Geograpy of Tourism & Recreation: Environment. Place & Space, Routrege, Florence, USA.
  • HILLERY, M., NANCARROW, B. GRIFFIN, G. ve SYME, G. (2001): “Tourist Perception of Environmental Impact” Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 28, Issue 4, p 853-867.
  • HOLDEN, A. (2002): Environment & Tourism, Routledge, Florence, USA.
  • INSKEEP, E. (1991): Tourism Planning an Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach, John Wiley&Sons, Inc, New York.
  • KAHRAMAN, N. ve TÜRKAY, O. (2004): Turizm ve Çevre, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • KÜÇÜKTOPUZLU, F. (1991): Turistik Yatırımların Yoğunlaşmasına Paralel Rekreasyon İmkanlarının Geliştirilmesi Bakımından Güney Antalya Yatırım Projesi Uygulaması, Doktora Tezi DEU, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • KÜÇÜKTOPUZLU, F. (1994): “Çevresel Etki Değerlendirme Yönteminin Turistik Yörelerin Gelişmesi ve Denetlenmesinde Kullanımı. Turizm Yıllığı” Türkiye Kalkınma Bankası, Ankara.
  • LINDBERG, K., McCOOL, S..ve STANKEY, G. (1997): “Rethinking Carrying Capacity” Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 24, is2, 461-464.
  • MANNING, R. YU-FAI, L. ve BURDUK, M. (2005): Research To Support Management Of Visitor Carrying Capacity Of Boston Harbor Islands, Boston Harbor Islands Nalionai Park Area: Natural Resource, Overview Northeastern Naturalist 12 (Special Issue3):201-220.
  • MANSFELD, Y. ve ALIZA, J. (2006): “Evaluating The Socio-Cultural Carrying Capacity Of Rural Tourism Communities: A „Value Stretch‟ Approach” Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, Vol. 97, No. 5, P. 583–601.
  • MATHIESON, A ve WALL, G (1982): Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts. Longman Group, UK Ltd. England.
  • McCOOL, S. F ve LIME, D. W. (2001): “Tourism Carrying Capacity: Tempting Fantasy or Useful Reality?” Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol. 9, No. 5, s:372- 388.
  • McKINDSEY, C. W. A; THETMEYER, H. B; LANDRY, T. C ve SILVERT, W. D. (2006): “Review Of Recent Carrying Capacity Models for Bivalve Culture and Recommendations for Research and Management” Aquaculture 261, 451–462.
  • NEWSAME, D. (2002): Natural Area Tourism: Ecology, Impacts and Management Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • SAARİNEN, J. (2003): Tourism in Transition. IAST Savonlinna Conference, 26- 32
  • SAVERİADES, A. (2000): “Establishing the Social Tourism Carrying Capacity for the Tourist Resots of the East Coast of the Republic of Cyprus” Tourism Management, Vol 21, Is 2, April,p 147-156.
  • SIMON, F. J G., NARANGAJAVANA, Y ve MARQUES D (2004): “Carrying Capacity in the Tourism Industry: A Case Study of Hengistbury Head” Tourism Management, Vol 25, Is 2 April, p 275-283.
  • SONAT, A. (1991): Çevrenin Turizm Planlaması İçindeki Yeri, II. Ulusal Turizm Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, Kuşadası.
  • SWARBOOKE, J. (2002): Sustainable Tourism Management, Cabi, UK.
  • THOMAS, R. N., PIGOZZI, B. Wm.ve SAMBROOK, R. A. (2005): “Tourist Carrying Capacity Measures: Crowding Syndrome in the Caribbean” The Professional Geographer, Vol 57, No 1, p 13–20.
  • TOSUN, C. (2002): “Host Perceptions of Impacts a Comparative Tourism Study” Annals of Tourism Research , Vol 29, Is 1 , January, p 231-253.
  • TRUMBIC, I. (2005): Tourism Carrying Capacity Assessment İn The Mediterranean Coastal Tourist Destinations, Proceedings of the 14th Biennial Coastal Zone Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, July 17 - 21.
  • URTASUN, A. ve GUTIÉRREZ, I. (2006) Tourism Agglomeration and Its Impact on Social Welfare: An Empirical Approach to The Spanish Case. Tourism Management. Vol 27, Is 5 , p 901-912
  • UYSAL, M. ve BALOĞLU, Ş. (1994) Destinasyonun Yaşam Süresi ile Taşıma Kapasitesi Arasındaki İlişki. Anatolia Ocak-Haziran Mina Ofset, Ankara.

THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM

Year 2007, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 485 - 501, 01.10.2007

Abstract

This study has been carried out to indicate the importance of carrying capacity in tourism. First of all, the negative effects of the development of tourism in one region without planning have been indicated.Particulary, the negative effects of tourism on natural and social environment have been emphasized. Afterwards, the literature related to carrying capacity in tourism industry has been reviewed. Carrying capacity types in tourism industry have been defined. Ecological carrying capacity, social carrying capacity, psychological carrying capacity, economic carrying capacity have been explained. The factors which affect the carrying capacity in tourism and problems which are encountered in the determination process of carrying capacity have been examined. In conclusion, solutions have been suggested in order to reduce the negative effects of tourism and provide well-planned development of tourism in the determination carrying capacity

References

  • ARNBERGER, A., HAIDER, W. ve MUHAR, A. (2004):Social Carrying Capacity of an Urban Park in Vienna, Working Papers of the Finnish Forest Research Institute 2 http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2004/mwp002.htm
  • BAYSAN, S. (2004): Ekolojik Etkiler: Turistler, Konaklama Sektörü ve Yerel Halkın Tutumları, Editörler: Atilla Yüksel, Murat Hançer, Turizm İlkeler ve Yönetim, Turhan Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • BROWN, M. T. ve ULGIATI, S. (2001): “Emergy Measures of Carrying Capacity to Evaluate Economic Investments” Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, V 22, N 5, May.
  • BRYLSKE, A. ve FLUMERFELT, S. (2004): “Assessing The Carrying Capacity Of Mpas: How Many Visitors Can Your Mpa Hold?” Mpa News International News And Analysis On Marine Protected Areas, Vol. 6, No. 2, August.
  • COCCOSSIS, H. ve, MEXA A. (2002): Defining, Measuring And Evaluating Carrying Capacity In European Tourism Destinations, University of Aegean, Athens.
  • COLLINS, A. (1999): “Tourism Development and Natural Capital” Annalys of Tourism Research. Volume 26, Issue 1, Jonuary, pp 98-109.
  • ÇAVUŞ, Ş. (2002): Turistik Merkezlerin Taşıma Kapasiteleri İle Yaşam Evreleri Arasındaki İlişkiler ve Kuşadası Örneğinde Değerlendirme, Dokuzeylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Turizm İşletmeciliği Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi, İzmir.
  • ÇAVUŞ, Ş. (2004): Turizmde Taşıma Kapasitesi, Editörler: Atilla Yüksel, Murat Hançer Editörler: Atilla Yüksel, Murat Hançer, Turizm İlkeler ve Yönetim. Turhan Kitapevi, Ankara.
  • DALL, S. M., BRANDOLINI, A. ve MOSET R. (2005): Social Carrying Capacity of Mass Tourist Sites: Theoretical And Practical Issues About Its Measurement., The Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Note Di Lavoro Series Index: Http://www.Feem.İt/Feem/Pub/Publications/Wpapers/Default.Htm
  • DEMİR, C. ve ÇEVİRGEN, A. (2006): Turizm ve Çevre Yönetimi Sürdürülebilir Gelişme Yaklaşımı, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • DOĞAN, H. Z. (1987): Turizmin Sosyo-Kültürel Temelleri. Uğur Ofset, İzmir.
  • FENNELL, D A (2002): Planning Natural Resource-Based Tourism Programs CABI Publishing, Cambridge, USA.
  • GETZ, D. (1983): “Capacity to Absorb Tourism - Concepts and Implications for Strategic Planning” Annals of Tourism Research , V10, Is 2, 239 – 261
  • GÜRKAN, İ. (1996): “Turizmin Sosyal Yapı Üzerindeki Etkiler” Anatolia, Mart- Haziran, Mina Ofset, Ankara.
  • HALL, C. M. (2001): Geograpy of Tourism & Recreation: Environment. Place & Space, Routrege, Florence, USA.
  • HILLERY, M., NANCARROW, B. GRIFFIN, G. ve SYME, G. (2001): “Tourist Perception of Environmental Impact” Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 28, Issue 4, p 853-867.
  • HOLDEN, A. (2002): Environment & Tourism, Routledge, Florence, USA.
  • INSKEEP, E. (1991): Tourism Planning an Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach, John Wiley&Sons, Inc, New York.
  • KAHRAMAN, N. ve TÜRKAY, O. (2004): Turizm ve Çevre, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • KÜÇÜKTOPUZLU, F. (1991): Turistik Yatırımların Yoğunlaşmasına Paralel Rekreasyon İmkanlarının Geliştirilmesi Bakımından Güney Antalya Yatırım Projesi Uygulaması, Doktora Tezi DEU, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • KÜÇÜKTOPUZLU, F. (1994): “Çevresel Etki Değerlendirme Yönteminin Turistik Yörelerin Gelişmesi ve Denetlenmesinde Kullanımı. Turizm Yıllığı” Türkiye Kalkınma Bankası, Ankara.
  • LINDBERG, K., McCOOL, S..ve STANKEY, G. (1997): “Rethinking Carrying Capacity” Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 24, is2, 461-464.
  • MANNING, R. YU-FAI, L. ve BURDUK, M. (2005): Research To Support Management Of Visitor Carrying Capacity Of Boston Harbor Islands, Boston Harbor Islands Nalionai Park Area: Natural Resource, Overview Northeastern Naturalist 12 (Special Issue3):201-220.
  • MANSFELD, Y. ve ALIZA, J. (2006): “Evaluating The Socio-Cultural Carrying Capacity Of Rural Tourism Communities: A „Value Stretch‟ Approach” Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, Vol. 97, No. 5, P. 583–601.
  • MATHIESON, A ve WALL, G (1982): Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts. Longman Group, UK Ltd. England.
  • McCOOL, S. F ve LIME, D. W. (2001): “Tourism Carrying Capacity: Tempting Fantasy or Useful Reality?” Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol. 9, No. 5, s:372- 388.
  • McKINDSEY, C. W. A; THETMEYER, H. B; LANDRY, T. C ve SILVERT, W. D. (2006): “Review Of Recent Carrying Capacity Models for Bivalve Culture and Recommendations for Research and Management” Aquaculture 261, 451–462.
  • NEWSAME, D. (2002): Natural Area Tourism: Ecology, Impacts and Management Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • SAARİNEN, J. (2003): Tourism in Transition. IAST Savonlinna Conference, 26- 32
  • SAVERİADES, A. (2000): “Establishing the Social Tourism Carrying Capacity for the Tourist Resots of the East Coast of the Republic of Cyprus” Tourism Management, Vol 21, Is 2, April,p 147-156.
  • SIMON, F. J G., NARANGAJAVANA, Y ve MARQUES D (2004): “Carrying Capacity in the Tourism Industry: A Case Study of Hengistbury Head” Tourism Management, Vol 25, Is 2 April, p 275-283.
  • SONAT, A. (1991): Çevrenin Turizm Planlaması İçindeki Yeri, II. Ulusal Turizm Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, Kuşadası.
  • SWARBOOKE, J. (2002): Sustainable Tourism Management, Cabi, UK.
  • THOMAS, R. N., PIGOZZI, B. Wm.ve SAMBROOK, R. A. (2005): “Tourist Carrying Capacity Measures: Crowding Syndrome in the Caribbean” The Professional Geographer, Vol 57, No 1, p 13–20.
  • TOSUN, C. (2002): “Host Perceptions of Impacts a Comparative Tourism Study” Annals of Tourism Research , Vol 29, Is 1 , January, p 231-253.
  • TRUMBIC, I. (2005): Tourism Carrying Capacity Assessment İn The Mediterranean Coastal Tourist Destinations, Proceedings of the 14th Biennial Coastal Zone Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, July 17 - 21.
  • URTASUN, A. ve GUTIÉRREZ, I. (2006) Tourism Agglomeration and Its Impact on Social Welfare: An Empirical Approach to The Spanish Case. Tourism Management. Vol 27, Is 5 , p 901-912
  • UYSAL, M. ve BALOĞLU, Ş. (1994) Destinasyonun Yaşam Süresi ile Taşıma Kapasitesi Arasındaki İlişki. Anatolia Ocak-Haziran Mina Ofset, Ankara.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA83DR25HJ
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nilgün Avcı

Publication Date October 1, 2007
Published in Issue Year 2007 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Avcı, N. (2007). THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM. Ege Academic Review, 7(2), 485-501.
AMA Avcı N. THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM. ear. October 2007;7(2):485-501.
Chicago Avcı, Nilgün. “THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM”. Ege Academic Review 7, no. 2 (October 2007): 485-501.
EndNote Avcı N (October 1, 2007) THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM. Ege Academic Review 7 2 485–501.
IEEE N. Avcı, “THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM”, ear, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 485–501, 2007.
ISNAD Avcı, Nilgün. “THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM”. Ege Academic Review 7/2 (October 2007), 485-501.
JAMA Avcı N. THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM. ear. 2007;7:485–501.
MLA Avcı, Nilgün. “THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM”. Ege Academic Review, vol. 7, no. 2, 2007, pp. 485-01.
Vancouver Avcı N. THE IMPORTANCE OF CARRYING CAPPACITY IN TOURISM. ear. 2007;7(2):485-501.