Afetlerde Sahra Hastaneleri

Year 2021, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 17 - 21, 18.03.2021

Nurcan Bıçakçı , Melisnur Nevruz

Abstract

Afetler ortaya çıktığında yerel sağlık yapıları artan talebi karşılayamaz ya da çeşitli nedenlerle işlev göremez hale gelebilir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve Pan Amerikan Sağlık Örgütü tarafından sahra hastaneleri "belirli bir süre için acil durum gereksinimlerini karşılamak amacıyla, hızlı konuşlanabilme ve genişleme veya daralma yeteneğine sahip mobil, bağımsız, kendi kendine yeten bir sağlık tesisi" olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sahra hastaneleri savaş ortamlarında olduğu gibi afetlerde de ayaktan ve yataklı hasta bakımı, cerrahi işlem olanakları sağlayarak artan sağlık hizmet yükünü karşılamada geçici çözüm olanakları sunmaktadır. Bu hastaneler afetlerden sonra farklı zaman dilimlerinde ortaya çıkabilecek farklı sağlık hizmetleri ihtiyaçlarını karşılama amaçlı özelleşebilirler. Ulusal ve uluslararası kaynaklardan temin edilebilecek sahra hastaneleri, afetlerin türüne, etkilenen nüfusun ihtiyaçlarına ve kullanım amaçlarına göre idari ve operasyonel birimler gibi farklı alt birimlerden oluşabilir. Sahra hastanesinin etkili faaliyet göstermesi için kurulum kararının, faaliyet beklentilerinin, standartlarının dikkatle analiz edilmesi gerekir. Bu makale afet tıbbında önemli bir konsept olan sahra hastanelerinin sahip olması gereken özellikleri ve kullanımlarını incelemek üzere planlanmıştır.

Keywords

Afet, Tıbbi Yardım, Sahra Hastanesi

Field Hospitals in Disasters

Abstract

When disasters occur, local healthcare structures cannot meet the growing demand or become dysfunctional for various reasons. Field hospitals are defined by the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization as "a mobile, independent, self-contained health facility with the ability to rapidly deploy and expand or contract to meet emergency needs for a certain period of time". Field hospitals offer temporary solutions to meet the increasing healthcare burden by providing outpatient and inpatient care and surgical procedures in disasters as well as in war environments. These hospitals can be customized to meet different healthcare needs that may arise in different time periods after disasters. Field hospitals that can be obtained from national and international sources may consist of different sub-units such as administrative and operational units, depending on the type of disaster, the needs of the affected population and their intended use. For the field hospital to operate effectively, the establishment decision, activity expectations and standards must be carefully analyzed. This article is planned to examine the features and uses of field hospitals, which is an important concept in disaster medicine.

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