Antioxidative Strategy in Traumatic Brain Injury: Role of Low-Molecular-Weight Antioxidants

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 573 - 594

Ibrahim Bulama , Umar Faruk Saidu , Nasiru Suleiman , Abdullahi Abbas , Yusuf Saidu , Yusuf Yakubu Nasiru Jinjiri , Lawal Bilbis

https://doi.org/10.46871/eams.1346139

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. This study was designed to investigate the beneficial and neuroprotective role of some Low-Molecular-Weight antioxidants (LMWA) in the treatment of TBI in albino rats.
Methods: TBI was induced in adult albino rats using the weight-drop method. A total of 70 Rats was used and were divided into 12 treatment groups, a traumatized non-treated group (TNT) and a Non-traumatized non-treated group (NTNT). There were 5 rats per group. Each of the treatment groups received 22.5 or 45 mg/kg of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Alpha Lipoic acid (ALA), Uric acid (UA), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), or Mannitol. Treatment was started 30 min after the trauma and continued for 21 days. To evaluate the functional outcomes, the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was calculated. The antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed to evaluate oxidative stress (OS).
Results: At 7 days post-TBI, the antioxidant-treated groups exhibited significant (p<0.05) improvements in neurological scores compared to the traumatized non-treated group (TNT). The treated groups showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx) and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the concentration of MDA compared with the TNT group.
Conclusion: These promising results suggest that the use of low-molecular-weight antioxidants may be a useful neuroprotective strategy in the treatment of TBI. However, further studies should investigate the molecular mechanisms of these antioxidants on TBI pathophysiology and functional outcome.

Keywords

Traumatic brain injury, Oxidative Stress, Neurological score, Low-Molecular-Weight Antioxidants, Malondialdehyde

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