THE RELATIONSHIP OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: EMPIRICAL STUDY FOR EAGLE COUNTRIES
Year 2021,
Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 184 - 211, 31.12.2021
Fatih Yeter
,
İlhan Eroğlu
,
Nalan Kangal
Abstract
There are theoretical and empirical findings in the literature that the linkages between economic growth and human development are two-way. The aim of this study is to investigate this two-way relationship in terms of EAGLE countries, which are characterized as leading developing countries, with empirical findings and to make policy recommendations. For this purpose, the study investigated the long-term relationship between the economic growth and human development of the country group between 1990 and 2019, the estimation of the long-term parameters, and the causality of the relationship. Although the findings provide evidence that there is a two-way relationship between economic growth and human development, it is seen that the effects of economic growth on human development remain at a more limited level. Policy makers should produce policies on the disruptions in the string of links from economic growth to human development that will support the human development process.
References
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- Akbar, M., Hussain, A., Akbar, A., & Ullah, I. (2021). The dynamic association between healthcare spending, CO2 emissions, and human development index in OECD countries: evidence from panel VAR model. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(7), 10470-10489.
- Balcı, E., & Özcan, S. (2019). İnsani gelişmişlik ve büyüme arasındaki ilişki: OIC ülkeleri üzerinde bir analiz. Sakarya İktisat Dergisi, 8(3), 222-235.
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- BBVA Annual Report, (2012) EAGLEs Emerging and GrowthLeading Economies. https://www.bbvaresearch.com/en/publicaciones/bbva-eagles-annual-report-2012/ (İndirme Tarihi: 10.11.2021).
- Breusch, T. S., & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The review of economic studies, 47(1), 239-253.
- Çoban, M. N. (2020). Ekonomik Kompleksite ve İnsani Gelişmişlik İlişkisi: E7 Ülkeleri İçin Bir Analiz. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 467-479.
- Erdem, E., & Çelik, B. (2019). İnsani Gelişme ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Bazı Afrika Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(17), 13-36.
- Eroğlu, İ. ve Yeter, F. (2018) 2008 Finansal Kriz Sonrası Yeni Riskler ve TCMB Yeni Para Politikaları. (Ed.) İlhan Eroğlu, Baki Demirel, Tolga Dağlaroğlu, 1923’den Günümüze Türkiye’de Para – Kredi ve Kur Politikaları içinde (s. 287– 346). Bursa: Ekin Basın Yayın Dağıtım.
- Ghosh, M. (2006). Economic growth and human development in Indian States. Economic and Political Weekly, 41(30), 3321-29.
- Haq, M. U. (1995). Reflections on human development. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Harris, R. D., & Tzavalis, E. (1999). Inference for unit roots in dynamic panels where the time dimension is fixed. Journal of econometrics, 91(2), 201-226.
- Howitt, P., & Aghion, P. (1998). Capital accumulation and innovation as complementary factors in long-run growth. Journal of Economic Growth, 3(2), 111-130.
- Kalaycı, İ. (2020). Küresel Endeksler ve Ekonomi-Politik gelecek. (Ed) İrfan Kalaycı, Türkiye ekonomisi: Kuram-Tarih- Politika içinde (s.837-877).
- Levine, R., & Renelt, D. (1992). A sensitivity analysis of cross-country growth regressions. The American economic review, 942-963.
- Lipton, M. (1977). Why poor people stay poor: urban bias in world development. London: Temple Smith.
- Lucas, R.E. (1988), “On Mechanism of Economic Development”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3-42.
- Mankiw, N. G., Romer, D., & Weil, D. N. (1992). A contribution to the empirics of economic growth. The quarterly journal of economics, 107(2), 407-437.
- Pedroni, P. (2001). Purchasing power parity tests in cointegrated panels. Review of Economics and statistics, 83(4), 727-731.
- Ranis, G., Stewart, F., & Ramirez, A. (2000). Economic growth and human development. World development, 28(2), 197-219.
- Romer, P.M. (1986), “Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002-1037.
- Romer, P.M. (1990), “Endogenous Technonogical Change”, Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 71-102.
- Sen, A. K. (1982). Choice Welfare and measurement. MIT Press, Cambridge.
- Sen, A. K. (1984). Rights and capabilities. In A. Sen, Resources, values, and development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Sen, A. K. (1985). Commodities and capabilities. North Holland, Amsterdam
- Shome, S., & Tondon, S. (2010). Balancing human development with economic growth: a study of ASEAN 5. Annals of the University of Petroşani, Economics, 10(1), 335-348.
- Solow, R.E. (1956) “A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94.
- Steven Pressman & Gale Summerfield (2000) The Economic Contributions of Amartya Sen, Review of Political Economy, 12:1, 89-113.
- Suri, T., Boozer, M., Ranis, G., & Stewart F. (2011). Paths to success: the relationship between human development and economic growth. World Development, 39(4), 506-522.
- Suri, T., Boozer, M., Ranis, G., & Stewart F. (2011). Paths to success: the relationship between human development and economic growth. World Development, 39(4), 506-522.
- Swamy, P. A. (1970). Efficient inference in a random coefficient regression model. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 311-323.
- Swan, T.W. (1956), “Economic Growth and Capital Acunulation”, Economic Record, 32(2), 334-361.
- Uçan. O., & Koçak, E. (2018). İnsani gelişme endeksi ile büyüme ilişkisi: Pedroni eşbütünleşme örneği. Journal of Politics Economy and Management, 1(2), 55-61.
- UNDP (1990), Human Development Report, New York: Oxford University Press.
- UNDP (1996), Human Development Report, New York: Oxford University Press.
- UNDP (2020), HDR Techinical Notes. http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/hdr-technical-notes. (İndirme Tarihi: 10.11.2021).
- Uzawa, H. (1965). Optimum technical change in an aggregative model of economic growth. International Economic Review, 6(1), 18-31.
- Westerlund, J. (2007). Testing for error correction in panel data. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 69(6), 709-748.
- Yaman, H. (2021). İnsani Gelişme, Ticari Dışa Açıklık ve Ekonomik Büyüme Dinamikleri: G-20 Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (69), 121-134.
- Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2020). Panel Zaman Serileri Analizi Stata Uygulamalı. 3. Baskı. Beta Basım Yayın Dağıtım: İstanbul.
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EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE İNSANİ GELİŞME İLİŞKİSİ: EAGLE ÜLKELERİ İÇİN UYGULAMA
Year 2021,
Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 184 - 211, 31.12.2021
Fatih Yeter
,
İlhan Eroğlu
,
Nalan Kangal
Abstract
Ekonomik büyüme ve insani gelişme arasındaki bağlantılar dizgisi iki yönlü olduğu yönünde teorik ve ampirik bulgular literatürde yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bu iki yönlü ilişkinin gelişmekte olan lider ülkeler olarak nitelenen EAGLE ülkeleri açısından ampirik bulgular ile araştırılması ve politika önerilerinde bulunmaktır. Çalışma bu amaç doğrultusunda 1990-2019 yılları arasında ülke grubunun ekonomik büyüme ile insani gelişme arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişkisinin test edilmesi, uzun dönem parametrelerinin tahmini ve ilişkinin nedensellik yönünü araştırmıştır. Bulgular ekonomik büyüme ile insani gelişme arasında iki yönlü ilişkinin olduğu yönünde kanıtlar sunuyor olsa da ekonomik büyümenin insani gelişme üzerindeki etkilerinin daha sınırlı düzeyde kaldığı görülmektedir. Politika yapıcılar ekonomik büyümeden insani gelişmeye doğru bağlantılar dizgisindeki aksaklıklar üzerinde politika üretmeleri; insani gelişme sürecini destekleyecektir.
References
- Akar, G., Saritas, T., & Kizilkaya, O. (2021). İnsani Gelişmenin Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi: Geçiş Ekonomileri Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Business and Economics Research Journal, 12(2), 307-318.
- Akbar, M., Hussain, A., Akbar, A., & Ullah, I. (2021). The dynamic association between healthcare spending, CO2 emissions, and human development index in OECD countries: evidence from panel VAR model. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(7), 10470-10489.
- Balcı, E., & Özcan, S. (2019). İnsani gelişmişlik ve büyüme arasındaki ilişki: OIC ülkeleri üzerinde bir analiz. Sakarya İktisat Dergisi, 8(3), 222-235.
- Barro, R. (1991). Economic growth in a cross-section of countries. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106.
- BBVA Annual Report, (2012) EAGLEs Emerging and GrowthLeading Economies. https://www.bbvaresearch.com/en/publicaciones/bbva-eagles-annual-report-2012/ (İndirme Tarihi: 10.11.2021).
- Breusch, T. S., & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The review of economic studies, 47(1), 239-253.
- Çoban, M. N. (2020). Ekonomik Kompleksite ve İnsani Gelişmişlik İlişkisi: E7 Ülkeleri İçin Bir Analiz. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 467-479.
- Erdem, E., & Çelik, B. (2019). İnsani Gelişme ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Bazı Afrika Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(17), 13-36.
- Eroğlu, İ. ve Yeter, F. (2018) 2008 Finansal Kriz Sonrası Yeni Riskler ve TCMB Yeni Para Politikaları. (Ed.) İlhan Eroğlu, Baki Demirel, Tolga Dağlaroğlu, 1923’den Günümüze Türkiye’de Para – Kredi ve Kur Politikaları içinde (s. 287– 346). Bursa: Ekin Basın Yayın Dağıtım.
- Ghosh, M. (2006). Economic growth and human development in Indian States. Economic and Political Weekly, 41(30), 3321-29.
- Haq, M. U. (1995). Reflections on human development. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Harris, R. D., & Tzavalis, E. (1999). Inference for unit roots in dynamic panels where the time dimension is fixed. Journal of econometrics, 91(2), 201-226.
- Howitt, P., & Aghion, P. (1998). Capital accumulation and innovation as complementary factors in long-run growth. Journal of Economic Growth, 3(2), 111-130.
- Kalaycı, İ. (2020). Küresel Endeksler ve Ekonomi-Politik gelecek. (Ed) İrfan Kalaycı, Türkiye ekonomisi: Kuram-Tarih- Politika içinde (s.837-877).
- Levine, R., & Renelt, D. (1992). A sensitivity analysis of cross-country growth regressions. The American economic review, 942-963.
- Lipton, M. (1977). Why poor people stay poor: urban bias in world development. London: Temple Smith.
- Lucas, R.E. (1988), “On Mechanism of Economic Development”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3-42.
- Mankiw, N. G., Romer, D., & Weil, D. N. (1992). A contribution to the empirics of economic growth. The quarterly journal of economics, 107(2), 407-437.
- Pedroni, P. (2001). Purchasing power parity tests in cointegrated panels. Review of Economics and statistics, 83(4), 727-731.
- Ranis, G., Stewart, F., & Ramirez, A. (2000). Economic growth and human development. World development, 28(2), 197-219.
- Romer, P.M. (1986), “Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002-1037.
- Romer, P.M. (1990), “Endogenous Technonogical Change”, Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 71-102.
- Sen, A. K. (1982). Choice Welfare and measurement. MIT Press, Cambridge.
- Sen, A. K. (1984). Rights and capabilities. In A. Sen, Resources, values, and development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Sen, A. K. (1985). Commodities and capabilities. North Holland, Amsterdam
- Shome, S., & Tondon, S. (2010). Balancing human development with economic growth: a study of ASEAN 5. Annals of the University of Petroşani, Economics, 10(1), 335-348.
- Solow, R.E. (1956) “A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94.
- Steven Pressman & Gale Summerfield (2000) The Economic Contributions of Amartya Sen, Review of Political Economy, 12:1, 89-113.
- Suri, T., Boozer, M., Ranis, G., & Stewart F. (2011). Paths to success: the relationship between human development and economic growth. World Development, 39(4), 506-522.
- Suri, T., Boozer, M., Ranis, G., & Stewart F. (2011). Paths to success: the relationship between human development and economic growth. World Development, 39(4), 506-522.
- Swamy, P. A. (1970). Efficient inference in a random coefficient regression model. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 311-323.
- Swan, T.W. (1956), “Economic Growth and Capital Acunulation”, Economic Record, 32(2), 334-361.
- Uçan. O., & Koçak, E. (2018). İnsani gelişme endeksi ile büyüme ilişkisi: Pedroni eşbütünleşme örneği. Journal of Politics Economy and Management, 1(2), 55-61.
- UNDP (1990), Human Development Report, New York: Oxford University Press.
- UNDP (1996), Human Development Report, New York: Oxford University Press.
- UNDP (2020), HDR Techinical Notes. http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/hdr-technical-notes. (İndirme Tarihi: 10.11.2021).
- Uzawa, H. (1965). Optimum technical change in an aggregative model of economic growth. International Economic Review, 6(1), 18-31.
- Westerlund, J. (2007). Testing for error correction in panel data. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 69(6), 709-748.
- Yaman, H. (2021). İnsani Gelişme, Ticari Dışa Açıklık ve Ekonomik Büyüme Dinamikleri: G-20 Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (69), 121-134.
- Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2020). Panel Zaman Serileri Analizi Stata Uygulamalı. 3. Baskı. Beta Basım Yayın Dağıtım: İstanbul.
- Zhang, J. (2019). The dynamic linkage between information and communication technology, human development index, and economic growth: evidence from Asian economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(26), 26982-26990.