Abstract
2000’li yıllardan önce kültürel coğrafyada temsile dayalı yaklaşım ve teoriler daha ön planda iken 2000’li yılların başından günümüze temsil ötesi teoriler daha görünür olmaya başlamıştır. Dönemsel olarak baskın bir teori ön plana çıkmasına karşın kültürel coğrafya içinde her iki yaklaşımda yaygın bir şekilde işlerliğe sahiptir. Bilindiği gibi kültürel yaşam çok farklı anlamlarla yüklü ve tek bir yaklaşımla ele alınamayacak zenginlikte bir içeriğe sahiptir. Bu nedenle sınırlı bir perspektif ve yaklaşımla ele alınması doğal olarak bu kültürel zenginliği yansıtmaya yetmeyecektir. Temsil ve temsil ötesi teoriler önemli oranda kültürel çeşitliliği daha iyi yansıtma düşüncesiyle coğrafi disipline taşınmıştır. Temsil, dünyada var olma biçimlerimizi oluşturup gerçeğe dönüştürme olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu gerçekliği önemli oranda dil ve söylemler yoluyla oluşturur.
Çalışma boyunca temsil teorileri, temsil ötesi teori ve mekan üzerine geliştirilmiş farklı teori, paradigma yaklaşımlardan konuya yaklaşılacaktır. İlk bölümde daha çok temsil ve temsil ötesi tartışmalarının sosyal bilimler içindeki yeri irdelenecektir. İkinci bölümde daha özele inilerek temsil ve kültürel coğrafya içindeki yeri üzerine odaklanılacaktır. Üçüncü bölümü ise temsil ötesi teori(ler) kültürel coğrafya ilişkisi oluşturacak; temsil ötesi teorilerin kültürel coğrafya içinde neden son yıllarda ön plana çıktığı incelenecektir. Sonuç bölümde ise genel bir değerlendirmeye gidilecektir.
Keywords
References
- Anderson, B. & Harrison, P. 2010. The promise of non-representational theories. In B. Anderson & P. Harrison (Eds.), Taking-place: Nonrepresentational theories and human geography. Farnham, UK: Ashgate.
- Anderson, J. 2015. Understanding Cultural geography: Places and Traces. New York: Routledge.
- Ankersmit, F. 2003. Pygmalion: Rousseau and Diderot on the theatre and on representation. Rethinking History, 7 (3): 315-39.
- Barthes, R. 1957. Mythologies. New York: Noonday Press.
- Bell, D. & Valentine, G. (eds.). 1995. Mapping desire: Geographies of sexualities. London: Routledge.
- Boyd, C. P. 2017. Non-representational geographies of therapeutic art making: Thinking through practice. London, UK: Palgrave.
- Browne, K., Lim, J. & Brown, G. 2007. Geographies of sexualities: Theories, practices and politics. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Browne, K. & Ferreira, E. (eds.). 2015. Lesbian Geographies: Gender, Place and Power. England: Ashgate.
- Butler, J. 1990. Gender trouble: Feminism and subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.
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- Cresswell, T. 2013. Geographic thought: A critical introduction. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
- Derrida, J. 1967. L'écrıture et la Dıfférence. Aux Presses Unıversıtaıres de France.
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- Erkenez, S. & Ciravoğlu, A. 2020. Güncel Beden Kuramlarının Mekânı Dönüştürme Olasılıkları. Megaron 15, 399-41.
- Eşiyok, E. 2018. Bedene İlişkin Yaklaşımlar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 46, 112-122.
- Hall, S. 1997. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Milton Keynes: Open University.
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- Kress, G. & Leeuwen, T. 1996. Reading images: the grammar of visual design. London and New York: Routledge.
- Mitchell, D. 2000. Cultural Geography: A Critical İntroduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Rich, A. 1986. Notes Towards a Politics of Location. In A. Rich (Eds.), Blood, Bread and Poetry: Selected Prose 1979-1985 (pp.210-31). New York: W. W. Norton.
- Rose, G. 1993. Feminism and Geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
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- Thrift, N. 2008. Non-representational theory: Space, politics, affect. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
- Uysal, A. & Güngör, Ş. 2016. Postyapısalcı ve İlişkisel Coğrafyalarda Bir Tarz Olarak Temsil Ötesi Teori(ler). İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Dergisi, 33, 73‐81.
- Webb, J. 2009. Understanding Representation. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington, DC: Sage.
- Wittgenstein, L. 1922. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Çev: C.K. Ogden). London: Routledge.
Abstract
Before the 2000s the approaches and theories based on representation were more prominent in cultural geography, theories beyond representation have become more visible since the early 2000s in geography. Tough a periodically dominant theory comes to the fore, both teories operate widely within the cultural geography subdiscipline. As is known, cultural life has a rich content that is loaded with very different meanings and cannot be addressed with a single approach. Therefore, it will naturally not be enough to reflect this cultural richness when it is handled with a limited perspective and approach. Representation and non-representational theories have been brought to geographic discipline with the idea to better reflect cultural diversity. Representation is defined as creating the ways we exist in the world and turning it into reality. It creates this reality through language and discourse to a great extent.
Throughout the study, the subject will be approached from representation theories, non-representation theory and different theories and paradigm approaches developed on space. In the first part, the place of representation and non-representational discussions in social sciences will be examined. The second part will focus more specifically on representation and its place in cultural geography. The third part will establish the relationship between post-representational theory (s) and cultural geography; It will be examined why theories beyond representation have come to the fore in the cultural geography in recent years. In the conclusion section, a general evaluation will be made.
References
- Anderson, B. & Harrison, P. 2010. The promise of non-representational theories. In B. Anderson & P. Harrison (Eds.), Taking-place: Nonrepresentational theories and human geography. Farnham, UK: Ashgate.
- Anderson, J. 2015. Understanding Cultural geography: Places and Traces. New York: Routledge.
- Ankersmit, F. 2003. Pygmalion: Rousseau and Diderot on the theatre and on representation. Rethinking History, 7 (3): 315-39.
- Barthes, R. 1957. Mythologies. New York: Noonday Press.
- Bell, D. & Valentine, G. (eds.). 1995. Mapping desire: Geographies of sexualities. London: Routledge.
- Boyd, C. P. 2017. Non-representational geographies of therapeutic art making: Thinking through practice. London, UK: Palgrave.
- Browne, K., Lim, J. & Brown, G. 2007. Geographies of sexualities: Theories, practices and politics. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Browne, K. & Ferreira, E. (eds.). 2015. Lesbian Geographies: Gender, Place and Power. England: Ashgate.
- Butler, J. 1990. Gender trouble: Feminism and subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.
- Cadman, L. 2009. Nonrepresentational theory/Nonrepresentational geographies. In R. Kitchen & N. Thrit (Eds.), International encyclopedia of human geography (pp.456-463). Oxford, England: Elsevier.
- Cresswell, T. 2013. Geographic thought: A critical introduction. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
- Derrida, J. 1967. L'écrıture et la Dıfférence. Aux Presses Unıversıtaıres de France.
- Dewsbury, J. D. 2009. Performative, non-representational, and affect-based research: Seven injunctions. In D. DeLyser, S. Herbert, S. Aitken, M. Crang & L. McDowell (Eds.),The SAGE handbook of qualitative geography. London:Sage.
- Dewsbury, J. D. 2010. Language and the event: The unthought of appearing worlds. In B. Anderson & P. Harrison (Eds.), Taking-place: Non-representational theories and geography. Farnham: Ashgate.
- Eriş, E. 2018. İmgesel olarak popüler kültür ve beden ilişkisi. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 32, 828-834.
- Erkenez, S. & Ciravoğlu, A. 2020. Güncel Beden Kuramlarının Mekânı Dönüştürme Olasılıkları. Megaron 15, 399-41.
- Eşiyok, E. 2018. Bedene İlişkin Yaklaşımlar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 46, 112-122.
- Hall, S. 1997. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Milton Keynes: Open University.
- Harrison, P. 2007. “How shall I say it ...?” Relating the nonrelational. Environment and Planning A, 39, 590–608.
- Horton, J. & Karftl, P. 2014. Cultural Geographies: An Introduction. New York: Routledge.
- Jackson, P. 1989. Maps of Meaning. London: Routledge. Johnston, L. & Longhurst, R. 2010. Space, place and sex: Geographies of sexualities. Lanham MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
- Johnston, L. 2019. Transforming gender, sex and place. London and New York: Taylor & Francis Group.
- Kress, G. & Leeuwen, T. 1996. Reading images: the grammar of visual design. London and New York: Routledge.
- Mitchell, D. 2000. Cultural Geography: A Critical İntroduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Rich, A. 1986. Notes Towards a Politics of Location. In A. Rich (Eds.), Blood, Bread and Poetry: Selected Prose 1979-1985 (pp.210-31). New York: W. W. Norton.
- Rose, G. 1993. Feminism and Geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
- Said, E. 2003. Orientalism: Western Conceptions of the Orient. London: Penguin.
- Saussure, F. 1959. Course in general linguistics. New York: Philosophy Library.
- Simpson, P. 2020. Non-representational Theory: Key ideas in geography. New York: Routledge.
- Thrift, N. 2008. Non-representational theory: Space, politics, affect. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
- Uysal, A. & Güngör, Ş. 2016. Postyapısalcı ve İlişkisel Coğrafyalarda Bir Tarz Olarak Temsil Ötesi Teori(ler). İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Dergisi, 33, 73‐81.
- Webb, J. 2009. Understanding Representation. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington, DC: Sage.
- Wittgenstein, L. 1922. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Çev: C.K. Ogden). London: Routledge.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Human Geography |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2021 |
| Submission Date | May 4, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | June 28, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 |