Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

API 5L X65 Çeliklerinin Elektrik Ark Kaynak Yöntemi ile Birleştirilmesinde, Kaynak İşleminin Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklere Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 31.01.2017
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.289639

Abstract

Bu çalışmada; doğalgaz ve petrol boru hatlarında kullanılan API 5L X65 kalitesindeki çelik malzemeler, elektrik ark kaynak yöntemiyle, bazik elektrod kullanılarak birleştirilmiştir. Birleştirmelerden alınan numunelere makroyapı – mikroyapı analizleri ve çekme, % uzama, kırılma tokluğu, eğme ve mikrosertlik ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Deneysel çalışmalarda makro ve mikroyapısal olarak, ana malzeme, ITAB ve kaynak metali incelenmiştir. Mekanik incelemelerde ise, kaynak işleminin mekanik performansı irdelenmiştir. Çekme, çentik darbe, sertlik ve eğme testlerinde kaynak işlemi başarılı bir performans göstermiştir. Çekme testlerinde ortalama 579MPa maksimum çekme kuvveti ve % 22 uzama ile kopma ana malzemelerde gerçekleşerek, çalışmada istenilen mukavemet özelliklerinin sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir. 0°C’de yapılan çentik-darbe deneylerinde ise ortalama 74 Joule’ lük bir kırılma tokluğu enerjisi ölçülmüştür. Sertlik ölçümlerinde en yüksek sertlik değeri kaynak metalinde 310 HV olarak ölçülürken, en düşük değer ise yaklaşık 205 HV olarak ITAB’da ölçülmüştür. Eğme testlerinde ise kaynaklı bölgede herhangi bir hataya rastlanmamıştır. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde; kaynak işleminin kendinden beklenen özellikleri sergileyerek, başarılı bir mekanik tavır gösterdiği görülmüştür.

References

  • Bai Y., “Pipelines and Risers”, Elsevier, Oxford, UK, (2001).
  • Baek J. H., Kim Y. P., Kim K., Kim C.M., Kim W.S., Seok C. S., “Effects of Pre-strain on the Mechanical Properties of API 5L X65 Pipe”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2010, 527: 1473-1479.
  • Baek J., Kima Y., Kima W., Koo J., Seok C., “Load bearing capacity of API X65 pipe with dent defect under internal pressure and in-plane bending”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2012, 540: 70–82.
  • Cosham A., Hopkins P., “The effect of dents in pipelines - guidance in the pipeline defect assessment manual”, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2004, 81: 127– 139.
  • API Specifications 5L, “Specifications for Line Pipe”, 44th Edition, American Petroleum Institute, (2007).
  • Hashemi S.H., “Strength - hardness statistical correllation in API X65 steel”, Material Science and Engineering (A), 2011, 528: 1648–1655.
  • Hashemi S.H., Mohammadyani D., “Characterisation of weldment hardness, impact energy and microstructure in API X65 steel”, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2012, 98: 8–15.
  • Rakhshkhorshid M., Hashemi S.H., “Experimental study of hot deformation behavior in API X65 steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2013, 573: 37–44.
  • Migahed M.A., Al-Sabagh A.M., Khamis E.A., Zaki E.G., “Quantum chemical calculations, synthesis and corrosion inhibition efficiency of ethoxylated-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-benzenesulfonylaminoethylamino)-ethylamino]-ethylamino}-ethylamino)-ethyl]-4-alkylbenzenesulfonamide on API X65 steel surface under H2S environment”, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2015, 212: 360–371.
  • Ada H., “Petrol ve doğalgaz boru hatları için üretilen boruların tozaltı ve spiral kaynak yöntemiyle kaynaklanabilirliği ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, (2006).
  • Rani B.E., Amitha. and Basu, Bharathibai J., “Green corrosion inhibitors - an overview”, Technical Report, National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore, India, (2009).
  • Kırbaş C., “AISI P11 ve AISI P91 Kalite Dikişsiz Boru Çeliklerinin Mekanik Özelliklerine Gerilme Giderme Tavlaması Sıcaklığının Etkisi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İ.T.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, (2014).
  • Keehan E., “Effect of Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of High Strength Steel Weld Metals”, Department of Experimental Physics, Göteborg University, 2004.
  • Aucott L.A., Wen S.W., Dong H., “The role of Ti carbonitride precipitates on fusion zone strength-toughness in submerged arc welded linepipe joints”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2015, 622: 194 – 203.
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Fındık T., Çetinkaya C., Gülsün M., “Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanic Properties of Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Weldment by Submerged Welding Processes”, Journal of Polytechnic, 2016, 19 (3) : 275-282.
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Özer A., Candan İ., “Investigation of Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Region of API 5L X80 Steel Merged by Submerged Arc Welding Method”, ICAT 2016 International Conference on Advances Technology and Science, Konya,309, (2016).
  • Ju J. B., Kim W., Jang J. “Variations in DBTT and CTOD within weld heat-affected zone of API X65 pipeline steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2012, 546: 258–262.
  • Shanmugam S., Misra R.D.K., Hartmann J., Jansto S.G., “Microstructure of high strength niobium-containing pipeline steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2006, 441: 215-229.
  • Easterling K. “Introduction to the physical metallurgy of welding”, Butterworth-Heinemann, England, (1992).
  • Sulea J., Gangulya S., Coules H., Pirling T., “Application of local mechanical tensioning and laser processing to refine microstructure and modify residual stress state of a multi-pass 304L austenitic steels welds”, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2015, 18: 141–150.
  • Lehto P., Remes H., Saukkonen T., Hänninen H., Romanoff J., “Influence of grain size distribution on the Hall–Petch relationship of welded structural steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2014, 592: 28–39.
  • Kahraman N., Gülenç B., Durgutlu A. “Tozaltı ark kaynağı ile kaynaklanan düşük karbonlu çeliklerde serbest tel uzunluğunun mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklere olan etkisinin araştırılması”, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2005, 18 (3): 473-480.
  • Eroğlu M., Aksoy M., “15Mo3 Çeliğinin Kaynağında Enerji Girişinin Kaynak Bölgesinin Mikroyapısı ve Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisi”, Kaynak Teknolojisi 2. Ulusal Kongresi, Ankara, 38 – 45, (2002).
  • Pouralıakbar H., Khalaj M., Nazerfakhari M., Khalaj G., “Artificial Neural Networks for Hardness Prediction of HAZ with Chemical Composition and Tensile Test of X70 Pipeline Steels”, Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2015, 22(5): 446-450.
  • Özer A., Aksöz S., Ada H., Candan İ., “Investigation of Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Region of API 5L X80 Steel Merged by Electric Arc Welding Method”, International Multidisciplinary Congres of Eurasia 2016, Odessa - Ukraine, 2:354-360, (2016)
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Özer A., “Investigation of Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Region of API 5L X80 Steel Merged by Gas Metal Arc Welding Method”, International Multidisciplinary Congres of Eurasia 2016, Odessa - Ukraine, 2: 156 – 162, (2016).
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Fındık T., Çetinkaya C., Bostan B., Candan İ., “The investigation of effect of welding process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of API 5L X65 steel welded with gas metal arc welding method”, 4th International Conference on Welding Technologies and Exhibition, 11-13 May, Gaziantep, 674 – 683, 2016.
  • Alipooramirabada H., Paradowska A., Ghomashchi R., Kotousova A., Reid M., “Quantification of residual stresses in multi-pass welds using neutron diffraction”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2015, 226: 40–49.
Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 31.01.2017
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.289639

Abstract

References

  • Bai Y., “Pipelines and Risers”, Elsevier, Oxford, UK, (2001).
  • Baek J. H., Kim Y. P., Kim K., Kim C.M., Kim W.S., Seok C. S., “Effects of Pre-strain on the Mechanical Properties of API 5L X65 Pipe”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2010, 527: 1473-1479.
  • Baek J., Kima Y., Kima W., Koo J., Seok C., “Load bearing capacity of API X65 pipe with dent defect under internal pressure and in-plane bending”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2012, 540: 70–82.
  • Cosham A., Hopkins P., “The effect of dents in pipelines - guidance in the pipeline defect assessment manual”, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2004, 81: 127– 139.
  • API Specifications 5L, “Specifications for Line Pipe”, 44th Edition, American Petroleum Institute, (2007).
  • Hashemi S.H., “Strength - hardness statistical correllation in API X65 steel”, Material Science and Engineering (A), 2011, 528: 1648–1655.
  • Hashemi S.H., Mohammadyani D., “Characterisation of weldment hardness, impact energy and microstructure in API X65 steel”, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2012, 98: 8–15.
  • Rakhshkhorshid M., Hashemi S.H., “Experimental study of hot deformation behavior in API X65 steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2013, 573: 37–44.
  • Migahed M.A., Al-Sabagh A.M., Khamis E.A., Zaki E.G., “Quantum chemical calculations, synthesis and corrosion inhibition efficiency of ethoxylated-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-benzenesulfonylaminoethylamino)-ethylamino]-ethylamino}-ethylamino)-ethyl]-4-alkylbenzenesulfonamide on API X65 steel surface under H2S environment”, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2015, 212: 360–371.
  • Ada H., “Petrol ve doğalgaz boru hatları için üretilen boruların tozaltı ve spiral kaynak yöntemiyle kaynaklanabilirliği ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, (2006).
  • Rani B.E., Amitha. and Basu, Bharathibai J., “Green corrosion inhibitors - an overview”, Technical Report, National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore, India, (2009).
  • Kırbaş C., “AISI P11 ve AISI P91 Kalite Dikişsiz Boru Çeliklerinin Mekanik Özelliklerine Gerilme Giderme Tavlaması Sıcaklığının Etkisi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İ.T.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, (2014).
  • Keehan E., “Effect of Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of High Strength Steel Weld Metals”, Department of Experimental Physics, Göteborg University, 2004.
  • Aucott L.A., Wen S.W., Dong H., “The role of Ti carbonitride precipitates on fusion zone strength-toughness in submerged arc welded linepipe joints”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2015, 622: 194 – 203.
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Fındık T., Çetinkaya C., Gülsün M., “Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanic Properties of Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Weldment by Submerged Welding Processes”, Journal of Polytechnic, 2016, 19 (3) : 275-282.
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Özer A., Candan İ., “Investigation of Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Region of API 5L X80 Steel Merged by Submerged Arc Welding Method”, ICAT 2016 International Conference on Advances Technology and Science, Konya,309, (2016).
  • Ju J. B., Kim W., Jang J. “Variations in DBTT and CTOD within weld heat-affected zone of API X65 pipeline steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2012, 546: 258–262.
  • Shanmugam S., Misra R.D.K., Hartmann J., Jansto S.G., “Microstructure of high strength niobium-containing pipeline steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2006, 441: 215-229.
  • Easterling K. “Introduction to the physical metallurgy of welding”, Butterworth-Heinemann, England, (1992).
  • Sulea J., Gangulya S., Coules H., Pirling T., “Application of local mechanical tensioning and laser processing to refine microstructure and modify residual stress state of a multi-pass 304L austenitic steels welds”, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2015, 18: 141–150.
  • Lehto P., Remes H., Saukkonen T., Hänninen H., Romanoff J., “Influence of grain size distribution on the Hall–Petch relationship of welded structural steel”, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 2014, 592: 28–39.
  • Kahraman N., Gülenç B., Durgutlu A. “Tozaltı ark kaynağı ile kaynaklanan düşük karbonlu çeliklerde serbest tel uzunluğunun mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklere olan etkisinin araştırılması”, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2005, 18 (3): 473-480.
  • Eroğlu M., Aksoy M., “15Mo3 Çeliğinin Kaynağında Enerji Girişinin Kaynak Bölgesinin Mikroyapısı ve Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisi”, Kaynak Teknolojisi 2. Ulusal Kongresi, Ankara, 38 – 45, (2002).
  • Pouralıakbar H., Khalaj M., Nazerfakhari M., Khalaj G., “Artificial Neural Networks for Hardness Prediction of HAZ with Chemical Composition and Tensile Test of X70 Pipeline Steels”, Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2015, 22(5): 446-450.
  • Özer A., Aksöz S., Ada H., Candan İ., “Investigation of Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Region of API 5L X80 Steel Merged by Electric Arc Welding Method”, International Multidisciplinary Congres of Eurasia 2016, Odessa - Ukraine, 2:354-360, (2016)
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Özer A., “Investigation of Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Region of API 5L X80 Steel Merged by Gas Metal Arc Welding Method”, International Multidisciplinary Congres of Eurasia 2016, Odessa - Ukraine, 2: 156 – 162, (2016).
  • Ada H., Aksöz S., Fındık T., Çetinkaya C., Bostan B., Candan İ., “The investigation of effect of welding process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of API 5L X65 steel welded with gas metal arc welding method”, 4th International Conference on Welding Technologies and Exhibition, 11-13 May, Gaziantep, 674 – 683, 2016.
  • Alipooramirabada H., Paradowska A., Ghomashchi R., Kotousova A., Reid M., “Quantification of residual stresses in multi-pass welds using neutron diffraction”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2015, 226: 40–49.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Uluslararası Kaynak Teknolojileri Konferansı (ICWET'16)
Authors

Sinan Aksöz This is me

Hakan Ada

Tayfun Fındık This is me

Cemil Çetinkaya

Bülent Bostan

İlhan Candan This is me

Publication Date January 31, 2017
Submission Date October 27, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE S. Aksöz, H. Ada, T. Fındık, C. Çetinkaya, B. Bostan, and İ. Candan, “API 5L X65 Çeliklerinin Elektrik Ark Kaynak Yöntemi ile Birleştirilmesinde, Kaynak İşleminin Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklere Etkisinin İncelenmesi”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 4, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.289639.
Creative Commons License El-Cezeri is licensed to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.
88x31.png