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Diklofenak’ın Fotokimyasal İleri Oksidasyon Prosesleri ile Arıtılabilirliğinin Araştırılması

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 1110 - 1121, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.736420

Abstract

Bu çalışmada seçilen ilaç, antienflamatuar yapıya sahip ilaçlar içerisinde en yüksek akut toksisitesi bulunan Diklofenak ilacıdır. Arıtım yöntemlerinden UV ve kombinasyonları (UV/H2O2, UV/TiO2, UV/ZnO) çalışılmıştır. Diklofenak içeren sentetik suyun UV, UV/H2O2, UV/TiO2 ve UV/ZnO yöntemleri ile 0-10-20-30-40-50-60.dakikalarda numune alınarak giderimi incelenmiştir. UV/H2O2 prosesi için 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 mg/L konsantrasyonlarında, UV/TiO2 ve UV/ZnO prosesleri için ise 40, 80, 160, 240, 320 mg/L konsantrasyonlarında farklı Diklofenak çözeltileri hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada diklofenak konsantrasyonları LC-MS/MS ve TOK cihazları ile ölçülmüştür. Tüm proseslerde çalışma koşulları aynı kalmıştır. LCMS-MS analizinde UV prosesisi için Diklofenak giderim verimi %55,23, UV/H2O2 ile Diklofenak giderimi ise 200 mg/L H2O2 konsantrasyonunda %>99,99 bulunmuştur. TOK giderimi UV proseste %30,71, UV/H2O2 prosesinde ise en yüksek verim 800 mg/L’de %97 olarak bulunmuştur. UV/TiO2 ve UV/ZnO prosesi sonucunda TOK giderimi 320 mg/L’de sırasıyla %93,23 ve %96,10 bulunmuştur. LC-MS/MS analiz sonuçlarında ise 240 mg/L TiO2 ve ZnO konsantrasyonlarında Diklofenak giderimi %>99,99 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuçlara göre UV prosesinin tek başına etkinliği %10-30 iken UV/ZnO, UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2 gibi kombinasyonlarında daha etkili giderim verimi elde edilmiştir. Maliyet açısından ise optimum proses UV/H2O2 (200 mg/L) prosesi bulunmuştur.

References

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  • [5] Lee, J., Ji, K., Kho, Y. L., Kim, P. and Choi, K., Chronic Exposure to Diclofenac On Two Freshwater Cladocerans and Japanese Medaka. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2011, 74(5), 1216-1225.
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  • [12] Çatalkaya E.Ç., Bali U., Şengül F., Fenol’ün Fotokimyasal Yöntemlerle Parçalanması ve Mineralizasyonu, Su Kirlenmesi ve Kontrolü Dergisi, 2004, 14(3), 31 -41.
  • [13] Giri, R. R., Ozaki, H., Ota, S., Takanami, R. and Taniguchi, S., Degradation of Common Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Mixed Solutions by Advanced Oxidation Techniques. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 7(2), 251-260.
  • [14] Kim, I., Yamashita, N. and Tanaka, H., Photodegradation of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products During UV and UV/H2O2 Treatments. Chemosphere, 2009a, 77, 518-524.
  • [15] Pérez-Estrada, L. A., Maldonado, M. I., Gernjak, W., Agüera, A., Fernández-Alba, A. R., Ballesteros, M. M. and Malato, S., Decomposition of Diclofenac by Solar Driven Photocatalysis at Pilot Plant Scale. Catalysis Today, 2005, 101(3-4), 219-226.
  • [16] Benitez, F.J., Acero, J.L., Real, F.R., Roldan, G. and Casas, F., Comparison of Different Chemical Oxidation Treatments for The Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals in Water Matrices. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011, 168, 1149-1156.
  • [17] Sarasidis, V.C., Plakas, K.V., Patsios, S.I. and Karabelas, A.J., Investigation of Diclofenac Degradation in A Continuous Photo-Catalytic Membrane Reactor. Influence of Operating Parameters. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014, 239, 299-311.
  • [18] Ahmed, M. M., Brienza, M., Goetz, V. and Chiron, S., Solar Photo-Fenton Using Peroxymonosulfate for Organic Micropollutants Removal from Domestic Wastewater: Comparison with Heterogeneous TiO2 Photocatalysis. Chemosphere, 2014, 117, 256-261.
  • [19] Tokumura, M., Sugawara, A., Raknuzzaman, M., Habibullah-Al-Mamun, M. and Masunaga, S., Comprehensive Study on Effects of Water Matrices on Removal of Pharmaceuticals by Three Different Kinds of Advanced Oxidation Processes. Chemosphere, 2016, 159, 317-325.
  • [20] Ong, C.B., Ng, L.Y. and Mohammad, A.W., A Review of ZnO Nanoparticles as Solar Photocatalysts: Synthesis, Mechanisms and Applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 81, 536-551.
  • [21] Karaca, M., Kıranşan, M., Karaca, S., Khataee, A. and Karimi, A., Sonocatalytic Removal of Naproxen by Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Montmorillonite. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2016, 31: 250-256.
  • [22] Madhavan, J., Kumar, P.S.S., Anandan, S., Zhou, M., Grieser, F. and Ashokkumar, M., Ultrasound Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Diclofenac in An Aqueous Environment. Chemosphere, 2010, 80(7), 747-752.
  • [23] https://www.enerjiatlasi.com/elektrik-fiyatlari/ (Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020)
Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 1110 - 1121, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.736420

Abstract

References

  • [1] Vogna, D., Marotta, R., Napolitano, A., Andreozzi, R. and D’lschia, M., Advanced Oxidation of The Pharmaceutical Drug Diclofenac with UV/H2O2 and Ozone. Water Research, 2004, 38(2), 414-422.
  • [2] Şahan, A., Farmasötik Maddelerin Aktif Çamur Arıtma Prosesinde Abiyotik Gideriminin İncelenmesi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2007, Adana, 90.
  • [3] Kümmerer, K., Pharmaceuticals in the Environment. Annual Review of Environment And Resources, 2010, 35, 57-75.
  • [4] Schwaiger, J., Ferling, H., Mallow, U., H. Wintermayr, H. and Negele, R.D., Toxic Effects of The Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac Part I: Histopathological Alterations and Bioaccumulation in Rainbow Trout. Aquatic Toxicology, 2004, 68, 141-150.
  • [5] Lee, J., Ji, K., Kho, Y. L., Kim, P. and Choi, K., Chronic Exposure to Diclofenac On Two Freshwater Cladocerans and Japanese Medaka. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2011, 74(5), 1216-1225.
  • [6] Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği. RG Tarihi:10.8.2016, R.G. Sayısı:29797 Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • [7] Yang, J. F., Ying, G. G., Zhao, J. L., Tao, R., Su, H. C. and Chen, F., Simultaneous Determination of Four Classes of Antibiotics in Sediments of the Pearl Rivers Using RRLC-MS/MS, Science of the Total Environment, 2010, 408(16), 3424-3432.
  • [8] Ince, N. H. and Apıkyan, I. G., Combination of Activated Carbon Adsorption with Light Enhanced Chemical Oxidation Via Hydrogen Peroxide. Water Research, 2000, 34.17, 4169-4176.
  • [9] Jiang, J., Zhou, Z. and Sharma, V. K., Occurrence, Transportation, Monitoring and Treatment of Emerging Micro-Pollutants In Waste Water. A Review from Global View, Microchemical Journal, 2013, 110, 292-300.
  • [10] Environmental Health Analysis, Scientific Databases. http://esc.srcinc.com/fatepointer/search.asp. (Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020)
  • [11] Epold I., Dulova N., Trapido M. 2012. Degradation of Diclofenac in Aqueous Solution by Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Photolysis, Journal of Environmental Engineering and Ecological Science, http://dx.doi.org/10.7243/2050-1323-1-3.
  • [12] Çatalkaya E.Ç., Bali U., Şengül F., Fenol’ün Fotokimyasal Yöntemlerle Parçalanması ve Mineralizasyonu, Su Kirlenmesi ve Kontrolü Dergisi, 2004, 14(3), 31 -41.
  • [13] Giri, R. R., Ozaki, H., Ota, S., Takanami, R. and Taniguchi, S., Degradation of Common Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Mixed Solutions by Advanced Oxidation Techniques. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 7(2), 251-260.
  • [14] Kim, I., Yamashita, N. and Tanaka, H., Photodegradation of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products During UV and UV/H2O2 Treatments. Chemosphere, 2009a, 77, 518-524.
  • [15] Pérez-Estrada, L. A., Maldonado, M. I., Gernjak, W., Agüera, A., Fernández-Alba, A. R., Ballesteros, M. M. and Malato, S., Decomposition of Diclofenac by Solar Driven Photocatalysis at Pilot Plant Scale. Catalysis Today, 2005, 101(3-4), 219-226.
  • [16] Benitez, F.J., Acero, J.L., Real, F.R., Roldan, G. and Casas, F., Comparison of Different Chemical Oxidation Treatments for The Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals in Water Matrices. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011, 168, 1149-1156.
  • [17] Sarasidis, V.C., Plakas, K.V., Patsios, S.I. and Karabelas, A.J., Investigation of Diclofenac Degradation in A Continuous Photo-Catalytic Membrane Reactor. Influence of Operating Parameters. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014, 239, 299-311.
  • [18] Ahmed, M. M., Brienza, M., Goetz, V. and Chiron, S., Solar Photo-Fenton Using Peroxymonosulfate for Organic Micropollutants Removal from Domestic Wastewater: Comparison with Heterogeneous TiO2 Photocatalysis. Chemosphere, 2014, 117, 256-261.
  • [19] Tokumura, M., Sugawara, A., Raknuzzaman, M., Habibullah-Al-Mamun, M. and Masunaga, S., Comprehensive Study on Effects of Water Matrices on Removal of Pharmaceuticals by Three Different Kinds of Advanced Oxidation Processes. Chemosphere, 2016, 159, 317-325.
  • [20] Ong, C.B., Ng, L.Y. and Mohammad, A.W., A Review of ZnO Nanoparticles as Solar Photocatalysts: Synthesis, Mechanisms and Applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 81, 536-551.
  • [21] Karaca, M., Kıranşan, M., Karaca, S., Khataee, A. and Karimi, A., Sonocatalytic Removal of Naproxen by Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Montmorillonite. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2016, 31: 250-256.
  • [22] Madhavan, J., Kumar, P.S.S., Anandan, S., Zhou, M., Grieser, F. and Ashokkumar, M., Ultrasound Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Diclofenac in An Aqueous Environment. Chemosphere, 2010, 80(7), 747-752.
  • [23] https://www.enerjiatlasi.com/elektrik-fiyatlari/ (Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020)
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Sevda Hatun Altın 0000-0002-7828-8775

Sevde Ustun Odabasi 0000-0003-3533-4089

Hanife Büyükgüngör 0000-0003-1201-6862

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Submission Date May 13, 2020
Acceptance Date June 29, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

IEEE S. H. Altın, S. Ustun Odabasi, and H. Büyükgüngör, “Diklofenak’ın Fotokimyasal İleri Oksidasyon Prosesleri ile Arıtılabilirliğinin Araştırılması”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1110–1121, 2020, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.736420.
Creative Commons License El-Cezeri is licensed to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.
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