Okul Kültürü Tanılamaya Dair Bir Durum Çalışması
Year 2023,
Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 67 - 101, 30.07.2023
Ramazan Burak Kahyaoğlu
,
Gürol Güven
,
Mehmet Atik
,
Muhammet Ali Çiloğlu
,
Dilay Aktaş Gönen
,
Filiz Özlü
,
Safiye Özlü
Abstract
Bu çalışma, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı bir ilköğretim kurumunun örgüt kültürünü tanılama ve bu kültürün oluşmasındaki nedenleri saptamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırma; nitel bir çalışma olup, kurum personelleri ile yarı yapılandırılmış form aracılığıyla görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırmada durum çalışması tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın aynı okulda görev yapan öğretmenler ve personel ile gerçekleştirilmesi sebebiyle araştırmada durum çalışması tekniği desenlerinden bütüncül tekli durum deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılı, Antalya ili Kepez ilçesindeki Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı bulunan bir ilköğretim okulunda görev yapmakta olan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü öğretmenler ve kurumun diğer destek personelleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmış, katılımcıların verdiği cevaplar ses kayıt cihazına kaydedilmiştir. Yapılan görüşmeler transkript işleminin ardından NVIVO 12 bilgisayar yazılımı kullanılarak içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada katılımcı görüşleri ana tema ve alt temalar altında taslak temalar halinde kategorileştirilmiş ve uzman görüşü alınarak son şekli verilmiştir. Bu temalandırma sonucu oluşan alt temalar da tablolar şeklinde bulgular kısmında yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca bu temalar, katılımcılardan doğrudan alıntılarla desteklenerek araştırmanın inandırıcılığı yükseltilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen temel bulgu, okulun Klan (İşbirliği) Kültürüne daha yatkın olduğudur. Araştırma bulgularına göre katılımcılar, okulda İşbirliği kültürünün yaygın olmasının sebepleri olarak; okulun aile ortamını yansıttığı, idarecilerin ve zümrelerin genellikle birbirine yardımcı olmaya çalıştığı, okulda ekip çalışması ve uzlaşmanın hakim olduğu, bireyler arasında birbirine güven duygusunun bulunduğu, takım çalışmasına yer verildiğini ifade etmektedirler.
References
- Ateş, H.K. (2018). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul kültürü algısı ile iş doyumu arasındaki ilişki. Turkish Studies, 13(9), 127-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.14153
- Bakioğlu, A. (2016). Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Balcı, A. (2004). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma (6. Baskı). PegemA Yayıncılık
- Barnard, C. (1938). The functions of the executive. Harvard University Press.
- Blouin, D., Tekian, A., & Harris, I. B. (2019). Do organizational cultures of Canadian medical schools promote a quality culture? Medical Teacher, 41(6), 662-667. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2018.1540774
- Busher, H., & Barker, B. (2003). The crux of leadership: Shaping school culture by contesting the policy contexts and practices of teaching and learning. Educational Management Administration Leadership, 31 (1), 51- 65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263211X030311004
- Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (17. Baskı). Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
- Cameron, K.S., & Quinn, R.E. (2011). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture based on the competing values framework. Jossey-Bass.
- Çelik, V. (2002). Okul kültürü ve yönetimi. Pegem Yayıncılık.
- Çevik, A. & Köse, A. (2017). Öğretmenlerin okul kültürü algıları ile motivasyonları arasındaki ilişkinin incelemesi. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 996–1014. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/itobiad/issue/28774/303889
- Çimen, B. ve Karadağ, E. (2019). Özel okul müdürlerinin etik davranışları üzerine bir araştırma. İş Ahlakı Dergisi, 12(1), 171-201. https://doi.org/10.12711/tjbe.2019.12.1.0125
- DiCicco-Bloom, B., & Crabtree, B. F. (2006). The qualitative research interview. Medical Education, 40(4), 314-321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02418.x
- Davis, M. D. (2014). The relationship between distributed leadership, school culture, and teacher self-efficacy [Doctoral dissertation]. Grand Canyon University.
- Göl, E. (2018). Yükseköğretimde örgüt kültürü ile yönetsel karar verme stillerinin ilişkisi (Yayın No. 495547) [Doktora Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
- Gruenert, S. (2005). Correlations of collaborative school cultures with student achievement. NASSP Bulletin, 89 (645), 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1177/019263650508964504
- Güvenç, B. (1985). Kültür konusu ve sorunlarımız. Remzi Kitabevi.
- Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. (1998). Exploring the principal’s contribution to school effectiveness: 1980-1995. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 9(2), 157-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/0924345980090203
- Harrison, R. (1972). Understanding your organization’s character. Harvard Business Review, 50(3), 119- 128.
- Henderson, C. L., Buehler, A. E., Stein, W. L., Dalton, J. E., Robinson, T. R., & Anfara, V. A. JR (2005). Organizational health and student achievement in Tennessee middle level schools, NASSP Bulletin, 89(644), 54-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019263650508964404
- Hoy, W. K., & Hannum J. W. (1997). Middle school climate: An empirical assessment of organizational health and student achievement. Educational Administration Quarterly, 33(3), 290-311. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X97033003003
- Hoy, W.K. ve Miskel, C.G. (2013). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice. McGraw Hill.
- Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., Bliss, J. R. (1990). Organizational climate, school health, and effectiveness: A comparative analysis, Educational Administration Quarterly, 26(3), 260-279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161X90026003004
- Karadağ, E. (2009). Ruhsal liderlik ve örgüt kültürü: Bir yapısal eşitlik modelleme çalışması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 9, 1357–1405.
- Karadağ, E., Baloğlu, N., & Çakir, A. (2011). A path analysis study of school culture and teachers’ organisational commitment. Policy Futures in Education, 9(5), 573-584. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2011.9.5.573
- Kelly, P. A., Brown, S., Butler, A., Gittens, P., Taylor, C., & Zeller, P. (1998). A place to hang our hats. Educational Leadership, 56(1), 62-64.
- Mackey, K. H. (2016). The relationships among instructional leadership, school culture, and student achievement in Kentucky elementary schools [Doctoral dissertation]. Western Kentucky University.
- Markow, F., & Klenke, K. (2005). The effects of personal meaning and calling on organizational commitment: An empirical investigation of spiritual leadership. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 3(1), 8–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb028995
- Mayo, E. (1945). The social problems of an industrial civilization, including, as an appendix: The political problem of industrial civilization (Division of research) Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University.
- O’Donnell, R. J., & White, G. P. (2005). Within the accountability era: Principals’ instructional leadership behaviors and student achievement, NASSP Bulletin, 89 (645), 56-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/019263650508964505
- Ouchi, W.G. (1981). The theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese challenge. Reading Mass: Addison Wesley.
- Özgenel, M., Dursun, İ.E., Yıldız, B.B. ve Mert, P. (2021). School culture’s impact on school effectiveness and performance: Comparison of teachers’ and administrators’ views. Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 12(24), 245-274. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/eibd/issue/66079/919388
- Park, S. Y., & Lee, E. M. (2005). Congruence between Brand Personality and SelfImage, and The Mediating Roles of Satisfaction and Consumer-Brand Relationship on Brand Loyalty. ACR Asia-Pacific Advances.
- Peterson, K.D. ve Deal, T.E. (2002). The shaping school culture fielbook. Jossey-Bass.
- Pheysey, D.C. (1993). Organizational cultures: Types and transformations. Routledge.
- Schein, E.H. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership. Jossey Bass.
- Sergiovanni, T. J. (1998). Leadership as pedagogy, capital development, and school effectiveness, International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1(1), 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360312980010104
- Selznick, P. (1975). Leadership in administration. Harper and Row.
- Sincer, S. (2016). Öğretim elemanlarının algılarına göre korku kültürü ile tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
- Şahin, S. (2011). Öğretimsel liderlik ve okul kültürü arasındaki ilişki (İzmir ili örneği). Educational Sciences in Theory and Practice, 11(4), 1909-1928.
- Töremen, F. (2004). A study leadership of facilitative behavior and its role on the success of schools. International Journal of Educational Reform, 13 (3), 295-306.
- Waller, W. (1932). The sociology of teaching. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Williamson, O. E. (1975). Markets and hierarchies: Analysis and antitrust implications. Free Press.
- Veeriah, J., Piaw, C. Y., Li, S. Y., & Hoque, K. E. (2017). Teachers’ perception on the relation¬ships between transformational leadership and school culture in primary cluster schools. Malaysian Online Journal of
Educational Management, 5(4), 18-34. https://doi.org/10.22452/mojem.vol5no4.2
- Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek. H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
A Case Study on Diagnosis of School Culture
Year 2023,
Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 67 - 101, 30.07.2023
Ramazan Burak Kahyaoğlu
,
Gürol Güven
,
Mehmet Atik
,
Muhammet Ali Çiloğlu
,
Dilay Aktaş Gönen
,
Filiz Özlü
,
Safiye Özlü
Abstract
This study was carried out to identify the organizational culture and to determine the reasons for the formation of this culture of a primary education institution affiliated to the Ministry of National Education This research is a qualitative study and has been interviewed with the staff through the semi-structured form. Case study technique was used in the research. Since the research was carried out with teachers and staff working in the same school, the holistic single case design, one of the case study techniques, was used in the research. The study group of the research consists of teachers and other personnel of the institution who volunteer to participate in the research and work in a primary school affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Antalya province Kepez district in the 2022-2023 academic year. In the research, a semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool, and the answers of the participants were recorded on a voice recorder. After the transcription process, the interviews were subjected to content analysis using NVIVO 12 computer software. Frequency and percentage analysis, which is an element of content analysis, was used in the research; participant opinions were categorized as draft themes under the main theme and sub-themes, and their final shape was given by taking expert opinion. The sub-themes formed as a result of this theming are also included in the findings section in the form of tables according to their frequencies. In addition, these themes were supported by direct quotations from the participants and the credibility of the research was tried to be increased. The main finding obtained as a result of the research was that the school was more inclined towards the Clan (Cooperation) Culture. According to the research findings, the participants state that the culture of cooperation is common in the school as the school reflects the family environment, the administrators and the groups often trying to help each other, teamwork and reconciliation is being included in teamwork, where there is a sense of trust between individuals.
References
- Ateş, H.K. (2018). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul kültürü algısı ile iş doyumu arasındaki ilişki. Turkish Studies, 13(9), 127-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.14153
- Bakioğlu, A. (2016). Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Balcı, A. (2004). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma (6. Baskı). PegemA Yayıncılık
- Barnard, C. (1938). The functions of the executive. Harvard University Press.
- Blouin, D., Tekian, A., & Harris, I. B. (2019). Do organizational cultures of Canadian medical schools promote a quality culture? Medical Teacher, 41(6), 662-667. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2018.1540774
- Busher, H., & Barker, B. (2003). The crux of leadership: Shaping school culture by contesting the policy contexts and practices of teaching and learning. Educational Management Administration Leadership, 31 (1), 51- 65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263211X030311004
- Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (17. Baskı). Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
- Cameron, K.S., & Quinn, R.E. (2011). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture based on the competing values framework. Jossey-Bass.
- Çelik, V. (2002). Okul kültürü ve yönetimi. Pegem Yayıncılık.
- Çevik, A. & Köse, A. (2017). Öğretmenlerin okul kültürü algıları ile motivasyonları arasındaki ilişkinin incelemesi. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 996–1014. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/itobiad/issue/28774/303889
- Çimen, B. ve Karadağ, E. (2019). Özel okul müdürlerinin etik davranışları üzerine bir araştırma. İş Ahlakı Dergisi, 12(1), 171-201. https://doi.org/10.12711/tjbe.2019.12.1.0125
- DiCicco-Bloom, B., & Crabtree, B. F. (2006). The qualitative research interview. Medical Education, 40(4), 314-321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02418.x
- Davis, M. D. (2014). The relationship between distributed leadership, school culture, and teacher self-efficacy [Doctoral dissertation]. Grand Canyon University.
- Göl, E. (2018). Yükseköğretimde örgüt kültürü ile yönetsel karar verme stillerinin ilişkisi (Yayın No. 495547) [Doktora Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
- Gruenert, S. (2005). Correlations of collaborative school cultures with student achievement. NASSP Bulletin, 89 (645), 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1177/019263650508964504
- Güvenç, B. (1985). Kültür konusu ve sorunlarımız. Remzi Kitabevi.
- Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. (1998). Exploring the principal’s contribution to school effectiveness: 1980-1995. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 9(2), 157-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/0924345980090203
- Harrison, R. (1972). Understanding your organization’s character. Harvard Business Review, 50(3), 119- 128.
- Henderson, C. L., Buehler, A. E., Stein, W. L., Dalton, J. E., Robinson, T. R., & Anfara, V. A. JR (2005). Organizational health and student achievement in Tennessee middle level schools, NASSP Bulletin, 89(644), 54-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019263650508964404
- Hoy, W. K., & Hannum J. W. (1997). Middle school climate: An empirical assessment of organizational health and student achievement. Educational Administration Quarterly, 33(3), 290-311. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X97033003003
- Hoy, W.K. ve Miskel, C.G. (2013). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice. McGraw Hill.
- Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., Bliss, J. R. (1990). Organizational climate, school health, and effectiveness: A comparative analysis, Educational Administration Quarterly, 26(3), 260-279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161X90026003004
- Karadağ, E. (2009). Ruhsal liderlik ve örgüt kültürü: Bir yapısal eşitlik modelleme çalışması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 9, 1357–1405.
- Karadağ, E., Baloğlu, N., & Çakir, A. (2011). A path analysis study of school culture and teachers’ organisational commitment. Policy Futures in Education, 9(5), 573-584. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2011.9.5.573
- Kelly, P. A., Brown, S., Butler, A., Gittens, P., Taylor, C., & Zeller, P. (1998). A place to hang our hats. Educational Leadership, 56(1), 62-64.
- Mackey, K. H. (2016). The relationships among instructional leadership, school culture, and student achievement in Kentucky elementary schools [Doctoral dissertation]. Western Kentucky University.
- Markow, F., & Klenke, K. (2005). The effects of personal meaning and calling on organizational commitment: An empirical investigation of spiritual leadership. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 3(1), 8–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb028995
- Mayo, E. (1945). The social problems of an industrial civilization, including, as an appendix: The political problem of industrial civilization (Division of research) Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University.
- O’Donnell, R. J., & White, G. P. (2005). Within the accountability era: Principals’ instructional leadership behaviors and student achievement, NASSP Bulletin, 89 (645), 56-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/019263650508964505
- Ouchi, W.G. (1981). The theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese challenge. Reading Mass: Addison Wesley.
- Özgenel, M., Dursun, İ.E., Yıldız, B.B. ve Mert, P. (2021). School culture’s impact on school effectiveness and performance: Comparison of teachers’ and administrators’ views. Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 12(24), 245-274. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/eibd/issue/66079/919388
- Park, S. Y., & Lee, E. M. (2005). Congruence between Brand Personality and SelfImage, and The Mediating Roles of Satisfaction and Consumer-Brand Relationship on Brand Loyalty. ACR Asia-Pacific Advances.
- Peterson, K.D. ve Deal, T.E. (2002). The shaping school culture fielbook. Jossey-Bass.
- Pheysey, D.C. (1993). Organizational cultures: Types and transformations. Routledge.
- Schein, E.H. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership. Jossey Bass.
- Sergiovanni, T. J. (1998). Leadership as pedagogy, capital development, and school effectiveness, International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1(1), 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360312980010104
- Selznick, P. (1975). Leadership in administration. Harper and Row.
- Sincer, S. (2016). Öğretim elemanlarının algılarına göre korku kültürü ile tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
- Şahin, S. (2011). Öğretimsel liderlik ve okul kültürü arasındaki ilişki (İzmir ili örneği). Educational Sciences in Theory and Practice, 11(4), 1909-1928.
- Töremen, F. (2004). A study leadership of facilitative behavior and its role on the success of schools. International Journal of Educational Reform, 13 (3), 295-306.
- Waller, W. (1932). The sociology of teaching. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Williamson, O. E. (1975). Markets and hierarchies: Analysis and antitrust implications. Free Press.
- Veeriah, J., Piaw, C. Y., Li, S. Y., & Hoque, K. E. (2017). Teachers’ perception on the relation¬ships between transformational leadership and school culture in primary cluster schools. Malaysian Online Journal of
Educational Management, 5(4), 18-34. https://doi.org/10.22452/mojem.vol5no4.2
- Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek. H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.