Okul Psikolojik Danışmanlığında Manevi İyi Oluşun Kullanımı: Tarihsel Gelişim, Kuramsal Temeller ve Öneriler

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 20, 30.12.2020

Büşra Tunç , Tarık Totan

Abstract

Maneviyat insan yaşamına anlam veren önemli bir kavramdır. Yaşam
döngüsünde bireyin karşılaştığı zorluklarla baş etmesini kolaylaştıran bu
kavram psikolojide yirminci yüzyılın başlarından itibaren ele alınmaktadır. Varoluşçu
psikolojik danışmada anlam arayışının bir parçası olarak değerlendirilen
maneviyat pozitif psikolojinin önemli başlıklarından olan psikolojik iyi oluşla
birleştiğinde ortaya manevi iyi oluş kavramı çıkmaktadır. Bireyin kendisi,
çevresi ve toplumuyla olan ilişkilerini güçlendiren manevi iyi oluş yerli alan
yazında oldukça yeni bir kavramdır. Geçtiğimiz yıllarda psikolojik danışma ve
rehberlik alanında yeni yapılan düzenlemelerle lisans eğitimine manevi
rehberlik dersi eklenmiştir. Özellikle manevi rehberliğe yönelik çalışmaların
güçlendirilmesi amacıyla pozitif psikoloji ve maneviyatın kesiminde yer alan
manevi iyi oluşa yönelik kuramsal açıklamaların oluşturulması önemlidir. Bu
çalışmada manevi iyi oluş kavramının ortaya çıkışını ve günümüzde psikolojik
danışmada nasıl kullanıldığının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla öncelikle
maneviyat, maneviyatın ruh sağlığındaki önemi, pozitif psikolojide psikolojik
iyi oluş ve son olarak da manevi iyi oluş kavramı ele alınarak tarihsel
gelişimiyle ilgili bir çerçeve çizilmesi sağlanmıştır. Ölüm ya da ölümcül bir
hastalıkla karşılaşan bireylerde sıklıkla hastane ortamında ele alınan manevi
iyi oluş kavramının okul psikolojik danışmanlarınca nasıl kullanılabileceğine
yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

Manevi iyi oluş, maneviyat, manevi rehberlik, psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik, okul psikolojik danışmanlığı

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