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The Effect of Activity-Based Algorithm Training on Problem- Solving Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 108 - 123, 23.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.48166/ejaes.983168

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of activity-based algorithm training on problem solving skills of 5-6 year old children. Two classes in Bağışçılar Foundation Kindergarden in the city center of Bolu Province, Turkey with children of the same age group and at similar developmental stages were determined in order to determine the study group. One class was assigned as the experimental group (16 children) and the other group was assigned as the control group (13 children). Personal Information Form prepared by the researcher and the Problem Solving Skills Scale (PSSS) for 5-6 year preschoolers developed by Oğuz and Köksal Akyol (2015) were used as data collection tools in the study. The experimental group was taught based on the activity-based algorithm training practices prepared by the researcher as well as the daily plan practices of MoNE for 3 days a week, 24 activities for 8 weeks. The findings of the study showed that pre-test and post-test scores of the children in the experimental group were examined, a significant difference was obtained. Thus, it was revealed that activity-based algorithm training practices support problem solving skills of children.

References

  • Referans 1 Akçay, A., & Çoklar, A. N. (2015). Programlama becerisi öz yeterliğinin problem çözme ve sorgulama becerileri bağlamında incelenmesi, [Analyzing self efficacy of programming skills in terms of problem solving and inquiry skills], Unpublished Master Dissertation, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya
  • Referans 2Aksüt, P. (2015). 5-6 Yaş Okul Öncesi Çocuklarına Problem Çözme Becerisinin Kazandırılmasında Etkinlik Temelli Fen Öğretim Uygulamalarının Etkisinin İncelenmesi. [Investigate the effect of activity-based science teaching practices in the acquisition of problem solving skills for 5-6 year old pre-school children], Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu.
  • Referans 3 Akyol Altun, C. (2018). Okul Öncesi Öğretim Programına Algoritma ve Kodlama Eğitimi Entegrasyonunun Öğrencilerin Problem Çözme Becerisine Etkisi ,[Algorithm and coding education in pre-school teaching program integration the effectiveness of problem solving skills in students.] Unpublished Master Dissertation, Ankara University, Ankara
  • Referans 4 Akyüz, A.O. (2018). Çocuklara programlama nasıl öğretilebilir? [How can programming be taught to children?]. Karaman Kepenekçi, Y- Taşkın, P (Eds.), Prof. Dr. Emine AKYÜZ’e Armağan Akademisyenlikte 50 Yıl (66- 73). Ankara: Pegem Press.
  • Referans 5 Atabay, E , Albayrak, M . (2020). Algorithm Traınıng Wıth Gamıfıcatıon For Preschool Chıldren . Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi , 8 (3) , 856-868 . DOI: 10.21923/jesd.672232
  • Referans 6 Aydoğan, Y. (2004). Investigation of the Effect of Education on Teaching General Problem Solving Skills to Primary Education Second and Fourth Grade Students, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Gazi Universty, Ankara.
  • Referans 7 Bayraç, H. N. (2003). Social, Economic And Technological Dimensions Of New Economy. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1).
  • Referans 8 Bers, M. U., González-González, C., & Armas–Torres, M. B. (2019). Coding as a playground: Promoting positive learning experiences in childhood classrooms. Computers & Education, 138, 130-145. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.013
  • Referans 9 Bers, M. U. (2018). Coding and computational thinking in early childhood: the impact of ScratchJr in Europe. European Journal of STEM Education, 3(3), 8.
  • Referans 10 Bers, M.U. (2019) Coding as another language: a pedagogical approach for teaching computer science in early childhood. J. Comput. Educ. 6, 499–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-019-00147-3
  • Referans 11 Bertan, M., Haznedaroğlu, D., Koln, P., Yurdakök, K., ve Doğan Güçiz, B. (2009). Studies on early childhood development in Turkey (2000-2007). Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 1-8.
  • Referans 12 Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., ve Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Press. Code.org (2019). Code.org course catalog. Teach with Code Studio. Retrieved on 07.04.2019 from studio.code.org.
  • Referans 13 Creswell, J. W. (2013). Araştırma deseni: Nitel, nicel ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları. [Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches] Trs. ed: SB DEMİR) Ankara: Eğiten Book Press.
  • Referans 14 Çakmak, Ö. (2008). The Influence of Education on Economy and Development. D.Ü. Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 11, 33-41
  • Referans 15 Çetin, E. (2016). A case study for the use of technology aided graphical organizers in preschool children's problem solving process. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Gazi University, Ankara
  • Referans 16 Demirel, Ö., ve Yağcı, E. (2017). Eğitim, öğretim teknolojisi ve iletişim. [Education, instructional technology and communication] ,2-26, Ankara: Pegem Press.
  • Referans 17 Demirer, V., ve Sak, N. (2016). Programmıng educatıon and new aproaches around the world and in Turkey. Eğitimde Kuram ve Uygulama, 521-546.
  • Referans 18 European Commission (2014). Coding the 21st century skill. European Commission. Retrieved on 06.04.2019 from https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/coding-21st- century-skill.
  • Referans 19 Fessakis, G., Gouli, E., and Mavroudi, E. (2013). Problem solving by 5–6 years old kindergarten children in a computer programming environment: A case study. Computers and Education, 63, 87-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.11.016
  • Referans 20 Gürkan, T. (2009) Erken çocukluk dönemi ve okul öncesi eğitim. [Early childhood and pre-school education] Şefik Yaşar (Ed.) Okul öncesi eğitime giriş içinde. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversity Press.
  • Referans 21 Kaçar, A., ve Doğan, N. (2007). The Role of Computer-Assisted Education In Pre-School Education. Akademik Bilişim Konferansları. Kütahya.
  • Referans 22 Karasar, N. (2017). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. [Scientific research methods] Ankara: Nobel Press.
  • Referans 23 Liao, Y. K. C., & Bright, G. W. (1991). Effects of computer programming on cognitive outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 7(3), 251-268. DOİ: 10.2190/E53G-HH8K-AJRR-K69M
  • Referans 24 MoNE (2011). Ministry of National Education 21st century student profile, Retrieved on on 06.04.2019 from http://www.meb.gov.tr/earged/earged/21.%20yy_og_pro.pdf
  • Referans 25 MoNE (2013). (36-72 Months) Preschool Education Program. Ankara: Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Discipline. https://tegm.meb.gov.tr/dosya/okuloncesi/ooproram.pdf Retrieved on 07.04.2019.
  • Referans 26 MoNE (2018a). Ministry of National Education 2023 Education Vision. Ankara: MEB, Retrieved on 07.04.2019 from 2023vizyonu.meb.gov.tr/doc/2023_EGITIM_VIZYONU.pdf
  • Referans 27 MoNE (2018b). Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Discipline. Ankara: Retrieved from MoNE on 11.05.2019 http://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2018_10/08141710_ilkogretimkurumlari_hdc.rar.
  • Referans 28 Michael, A., and Omoloye, A. (2014). Improving structural designs with computer programming in building construction. IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE), 10-16.
  • Referans 29 Miles, M. B. and Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis, (2. ed.), London: Sage Publication.
  • Referans 30 Mora-Gutiérrez, R. A., Ramírez-Rodríguez, J., Rincón-García, E. A., Ponsich, A., and Herrera, O. (2012). An optimization algorithm inspired by social creativity systems. Computing, 94(11), 887-914. DOI: 10.1007/s00607-012-0205-0
  • Referans 31 Morgado, L., Cruz, M., and Kahn, K. (2010). Preschool cookbook of computer programming topics. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(3). DOI: 10.14742/ajet.1077
  • Referans 32 OECD (2014). Education at a glance 2014: OECD indicators. OECD Publishing. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/education/Education-at-a- Glance-2014.pdf on 07.04.2019.
  • Referans 33 OECD (2017). The funding of school education OECD reviews of school resources. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/oecd-reviews-of- school-resources_24133841 on 07.04.2019. DOI: 10.1787 / 24133841
  • Referans 34 Oğuz, V., ve Köksal Akyol, A. (2015). Problem-Solving Skills Scale (PSSS) Validity and Reliability. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 105-122. Doi: 10.14812/cufej.2015.006
  • Referans 35 Saygıner, Ş., ve Tüzün, H. (2017). The Education Of Programming In Primary Level: A View From Abroad And Domestic Perspective, 1st International Computer and Instructional Technologies Symposium, İnönü University, Malatya
  • Referans 36 Scratch (2019). About Scratch. Retrieved on 07.04.2019 from https://scratch.mit.edu/about.
  • Referans 37 Şahin, M., ve Namlı, N. (2017). The Effect of Algorithm Training on Problem Solving Skills. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 135-153.
  • Referans 38 Tolunay, A., ve Akyol, A. (2006). Development And Rural Development: Main Concepts And Definitions. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 116-127.
  • Referans 39 Voronina, L. V., Sergeeva, N. N., and Utyumova, E. A. (2016). Development of algorithm skills in preschool children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 233, 155-159. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.176
  • Referans 40 Williams, R., Park, H. W., Oh, L., & Breazeal, C. (2019, July). Popbots: Designing an artificial intelligence curriculum for early childhood education. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (Vol. 33, pp. 9729-9736).
  • Referans 41 Woolson, R. F. (2007). Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Wiley encyclopedia of clinical trials, 1-3. DOI: 10.1002/9780471462422.eoct979
  • Referans 42 Yalçın, S. (2018). 21st Century Skills and Tools and Approaches Used to Measure These Skills. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 183-201. DOI:10.30964/auebfd.405860

Etkinlik Temelli Algoritma Eğitiminin 5-6 Yaş Çocuklarının Problem Çözme Becerisine Etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 108 - 123, 23.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.48166/ejaes.983168

Abstract

Bu araştırma, Etkinlik Temelli Algoritma Eğitiminin 5-6 yaş çocuklarının problem çözme becerisine etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışma grubu oluşturulmasına yönelik ilk olarak; Bolu il merkezinde Bağışçılar Vakfı anaokulunda aynı yaş grubunda ve benzer gelişim dönemlerinden çocukların bulunduğu iki sınıf belirlenerek deney ve kontrol grubu (deney,16; kontrol,13) olarak atanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Oğuz ve Köksal Akyol (2015)’un geliştirdiği -6 Yaş Problem Çözme Becerileri Ölçeği (PÇBÖ) kullanılmıştır. Kontrol grubu ile MEB günlük plan akışı uygulamaları devam ederken deney grubuna MEB günlük plan akışının yanında araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Etkinlik Temelli Algoritma Eğitimi Uygulamaları haftada 3 gün olmak üzere, 8 hafta boyunca toplam 24 etkinlik olarak, her bir oturum 30 dakika süreyle uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre, Etkinlik Temelli Algoritma Eğitimi Uygulamalarının çocukların problem çözme becerilerini desteklediği ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

  • Referans 1 Akçay, A., & Çoklar, A. N. (2015). Programlama becerisi öz yeterliğinin problem çözme ve sorgulama becerileri bağlamında incelenmesi, [Analyzing self efficacy of programming skills in terms of problem solving and inquiry skills], Unpublished Master Dissertation, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya
  • Referans 2Aksüt, P. (2015). 5-6 Yaş Okul Öncesi Çocuklarına Problem Çözme Becerisinin Kazandırılmasında Etkinlik Temelli Fen Öğretim Uygulamalarının Etkisinin İncelenmesi. [Investigate the effect of activity-based science teaching practices in the acquisition of problem solving skills for 5-6 year old pre-school children], Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu.
  • Referans 3 Akyol Altun, C. (2018). Okul Öncesi Öğretim Programına Algoritma ve Kodlama Eğitimi Entegrasyonunun Öğrencilerin Problem Çözme Becerisine Etkisi ,[Algorithm and coding education in pre-school teaching program integration the effectiveness of problem solving skills in students.] Unpublished Master Dissertation, Ankara University, Ankara
  • Referans 4 Akyüz, A.O. (2018). Çocuklara programlama nasıl öğretilebilir? [How can programming be taught to children?]. Karaman Kepenekçi, Y- Taşkın, P (Eds.), Prof. Dr. Emine AKYÜZ’e Armağan Akademisyenlikte 50 Yıl (66- 73). Ankara: Pegem Press.
  • Referans 5 Atabay, E , Albayrak, M . (2020). Algorithm Traınıng Wıth Gamıfıcatıon For Preschool Chıldren . Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi , 8 (3) , 856-868 . DOI: 10.21923/jesd.672232
  • Referans 6 Aydoğan, Y. (2004). Investigation of the Effect of Education on Teaching General Problem Solving Skills to Primary Education Second and Fourth Grade Students, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Gazi Universty, Ankara.
  • Referans 7 Bayraç, H. N. (2003). Social, Economic And Technological Dimensions Of New Economy. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1).
  • Referans 8 Bers, M. U., González-González, C., & Armas–Torres, M. B. (2019). Coding as a playground: Promoting positive learning experiences in childhood classrooms. Computers & Education, 138, 130-145. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.013
  • Referans 9 Bers, M. U. (2018). Coding and computational thinking in early childhood: the impact of ScratchJr in Europe. European Journal of STEM Education, 3(3), 8.
  • Referans 10 Bers, M.U. (2019) Coding as another language: a pedagogical approach for teaching computer science in early childhood. J. Comput. Educ. 6, 499–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-019-00147-3
  • Referans 11 Bertan, M., Haznedaroğlu, D., Koln, P., Yurdakök, K., ve Doğan Güçiz, B. (2009). Studies on early childhood development in Turkey (2000-2007). Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 1-8.
  • Referans 12 Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., ve Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Press. Code.org (2019). Code.org course catalog. Teach with Code Studio. Retrieved on 07.04.2019 from studio.code.org.
  • Referans 13 Creswell, J. W. (2013). Araştırma deseni: Nitel, nicel ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları. [Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches] Trs. ed: SB DEMİR) Ankara: Eğiten Book Press.
  • Referans 14 Çakmak, Ö. (2008). The Influence of Education on Economy and Development. D.Ü. Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 11, 33-41
  • Referans 15 Çetin, E. (2016). A case study for the use of technology aided graphical organizers in preschool children's problem solving process. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Gazi University, Ankara
  • Referans 16 Demirel, Ö., ve Yağcı, E. (2017). Eğitim, öğretim teknolojisi ve iletişim. [Education, instructional technology and communication] ,2-26, Ankara: Pegem Press.
  • Referans 17 Demirer, V., ve Sak, N. (2016). Programmıng educatıon and new aproaches around the world and in Turkey. Eğitimde Kuram ve Uygulama, 521-546.
  • Referans 18 European Commission (2014). Coding the 21st century skill. European Commission. Retrieved on 06.04.2019 from https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/coding-21st- century-skill.
  • Referans 19 Fessakis, G., Gouli, E., and Mavroudi, E. (2013). Problem solving by 5–6 years old kindergarten children in a computer programming environment: A case study. Computers and Education, 63, 87-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.11.016
  • Referans 20 Gürkan, T. (2009) Erken çocukluk dönemi ve okul öncesi eğitim. [Early childhood and pre-school education] Şefik Yaşar (Ed.) Okul öncesi eğitime giriş içinde. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversity Press.
  • Referans 21 Kaçar, A., ve Doğan, N. (2007). The Role of Computer-Assisted Education In Pre-School Education. Akademik Bilişim Konferansları. Kütahya.
  • Referans 22 Karasar, N. (2017). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. [Scientific research methods] Ankara: Nobel Press.
  • Referans 23 Liao, Y. K. C., & Bright, G. W. (1991). Effects of computer programming on cognitive outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 7(3), 251-268. DOİ: 10.2190/E53G-HH8K-AJRR-K69M
  • Referans 24 MoNE (2011). Ministry of National Education 21st century student profile, Retrieved on on 06.04.2019 from http://www.meb.gov.tr/earged/earged/21.%20yy_og_pro.pdf
  • Referans 25 MoNE (2013). (36-72 Months) Preschool Education Program. Ankara: Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Discipline. https://tegm.meb.gov.tr/dosya/okuloncesi/ooproram.pdf Retrieved on 07.04.2019.
  • Referans 26 MoNE (2018a). Ministry of National Education 2023 Education Vision. Ankara: MEB, Retrieved on 07.04.2019 from 2023vizyonu.meb.gov.tr/doc/2023_EGITIM_VIZYONU.pdf
  • Referans 27 MoNE (2018b). Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Discipline. Ankara: Retrieved from MoNE on 11.05.2019 http://ttkb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2018_10/08141710_ilkogretimkurumlari_hdc.rar.
  • Referans 28 Michael, A., and Omoloye, A. (2014). Improving structural designs with computer programming in building construction. IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE), 10-16.
  • Referans 29 Miles, M. B. and Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis, (2. ed.), London: Sage Publication.
  • Referans 30 Mora-Gutiérrez, R. A., Ramírez-Rodríguez, J., Rincón-García, E. A., Ponsich, A., and Herrera, O. (2012). An optimization algorithm inspired by social creativity systems. Computing, 94(11), 887-914. DOI: 10.1007/s00607-012-0205-0
  • Referans 31 Morgado, L., Cruz, M., and Kahn, K. (2010). Preschool cookbook of computer programming topics. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(3). DOI: 10.14742/ajet.1077
  • Referans 32 OECD (2014). Education at a glance 2014: OECD indicators. OECD Publishing. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/education/Education-at-a- Glance-2014.pdf on 07.04.2019.
  • Referans 33 OECD (2017). The funding of school education OECD reviews of school resources. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/oecd-reviews-of- school-resources_24133841 on 07.04.2019. DOI: 10.1787 / 24133841
  • Referans 34 Oğuz, V., ve Köksal Akyol, A. (2015). Problem-Solving Skills Scale (PSSS) Validity and Reliability. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 105-122. Doi: 10.14812/cufej.2015.006
  • Referans 35 Saygıner, Ş., ve Tüzün, H. (2017). The Education Of Programming In Primary Level: A View From Abroad And Domestic Perspective, 1st International Computer and Instructional Technologies Symposium, İnönü University, Malatya
  • Referans 36 Scratch (2019). About Scratch. Retrieved on 07.04.2019 from https://scratch.mit.edu/about.
  • Referans 37 Şahin, M., ve Namlı, N. (2017). The Effect of Algorithm Training on Problem Solving Skills. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 135-153.
  • Referans 38 Tolunay, A., ve Akyol, A. (2006). Development And Rural Development: Main Concepts And Definitions. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 116-127.
  • Referans 39 Voronina, L. V., Sergeeva, N. N., and Utyumova, E. A. (2016). Development of algorithm skills in preschool children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 233, 155-159. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.176
  • Referans 40 Williams, R., Park, H. W., Oh, L., & Breazeal, C. (2019, July). Popbots: Designing an artificial intelligence curriculum for early childhood education. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (Vol. 33, pp. 9729-9736).
  • Referans 41 Woolson, R. F. (2007). Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Wiley encyclopedia of clinical trials, 1-3. DOI: 10.1002/9780471462422.eoct979
  • Referans 42 Yalçın, S. (2018). 21st Century Skills and Tools and Approaches Used to Measure These Skills. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 183-201. DOI:10.30964/auebfd.405860
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Muhammed Fatih Küçükkara 0000-0001-5993-0622

Pelin Aksüt 0000-0003-0094-5672

Publication Date December 23, 2021
Submission Date August 15, 2021
Acceptance Date November 9, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Küçükkara, M. F., & Aksüt, P. (2021). The Effect of Activity-Based Algorithm Training on Problem- Solving Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children. Journal of Advanced Education Studies, 3(2), 108-123. https://doi.org/10.48166/ejaes.983168

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