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Yeni Başlayan Öğretmenlerin Olumsuz Öğrenci Davranışlarına İlişkin Görüşleri: Bir Durum Çalışması

Year 2017, Volume: 17 Issue: 69, 199 - 219, 20.05.2017

Abstract

Problem Durumu: Yeni başlayan öğretmen, ilk kez yeni şeyler öğreten kişi olarak tanımlanır. Yeni başlayan öğretmen, aynı zamanda üç yıldan az tecrübeye sahip olan ve öğretim modeli günü kurtarmaya ve temel sınıf rutinlerini oluşturmaya dayalı öğretmen olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu öğretmenler kendileri ve öğrencileri için yüksek beklentilerle sınıflara girer, ancak çoğu kez farklı zorluklarla karşılaşır.

Birçok çalışmada olumsuz davranışların öğrenme ve öğretme ortamını olumsuz etkilediği belirtilmektedir. Bu nedenle sınıf ortamındaki olumsuz öğrenci davranışları, yeni başlayan öğretmenler açısından en büyük zorluk olarak görülmektedir. Bu öğretmenler olumsuz davranışlarla sıklıkla başa çıkamazlar, iş stresi artar ve bu nedenle düşük iş doyumu ve yüksek tükenmişlik yaşarlar. Göreve yeni başlayan öğretmenlerin yaşadığı zorluklara ilişkin yapılan çalışmalar sınırlı olmakla birlikte çalışmaların çoğu sınıf ortamında karşılaşılan olumsuz öğrenci davranışlarını konu almaktadır. Öte yandan yapılan araştırmalar büyük oranda sınıf içi etkili öğretmen davranışlarına odaklanmaktadır.

Araştırmanın Amacı: Bu çalışma, sınıf ortamında öğrencilerin yıkıcı davranışlarıyla ilgili acemi öğretmenlerin görüşlerini ayrıntılı olarak araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla aşağıdaki sorulara yanıt aranmaktadır:

Senol SEZER / Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 69 (2017) 199-219 218

1. Yeni başlayan öğretmenler sınıf ortamında olumsuz davranışlarla hangi sıklıkta karşılaşmaktadır?

2. Yeni başlayan öğretmenlerin karşılaştıkları olumsuz davranışlar nelerdir?

3. Acemi öğretmenler olumsuz davranışlarla karşılaştıklarında nasıl hissetmektedir?

4. Yeni başlayan öğretmenler olumsuz davranışları yönetmek için hangi yöntemleri kullanmaktadır?

Araştırmanın Yöntemi: Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseninde yürütülen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Trabzon il merkezinde yer alan devlet okullarda görev yapan ve 1-2 yıl meslek deneyimine sahip 24 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, ölçüt örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir.

Veri Analizi: Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile elde edilmiştir. Katılımcılar, görüşlerini form üzerine yazılı olarak ifade etmiştir. Veriler, betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların aynı soruya verdiği benzer yanıtlar, aynı kategoride değerlendirilmiştir. Yazılı veriler kodlanmış ve öğrencilerin olumsuz davranışlarını betimlemeyen 19 alt tema oluşturulmuştur. Bu alt temaları tanımlamak için iki ana tema belirlenmiştir: Ana temalar, (i) kayıtsızlık ve (ii) bozuculuk şeklindedir. Yeni başlayan öğretmenlerin duygularını betimleyen 19 alt tema tespit edilmiştir. Bu alt temaları tanımlamak için iki ana tema belirlenmiştir. Ana temalar (i) olumlu duygular ve (ii) olumsuz duygular şeklindedir. Yeni başlayan öğretmenlerin olumsuz öğrenci davranışlarını yönetmede başvurduğu yöntemleri betimleyen on sekiz alt tema ve bu alt temalara ilişkin iki ana tema belirlenmiştir. Ana temalar (i) uzlaşmacı tutum (ii) cezalandırıcı tutum şeklindedir. Alt temalarda yer alan görüşler, tablo üzerinde frekans ve yüzde değerlerine göre sıralanmıştır.

Araştırmanın Bulguları: Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, yeni başlayan öğretmenlerin sınıf ortamında olumsuz öğrenci davranışları ile sıklıkla karşılaştıklarını göstermektedir. Bu öğretmenler, sınıf ortamında gevezelik, dikkat dağınıklığı, cep telefonu ile uğraşma, ders esnasında sakız çiğneme, sınıf arkadaşını istismar etme, dersi kesintiye uğratmaya çalışma şeklindeki olumsuz öğrenci davranışları ile karşılaşmaktadır. Yeni başlayan öğretmenler, olumsuz öğrenci davranışlarını yönetmede öğrencilerle daha yakından ilgilenmekte, daha ilginç yöntemler kullanmakta ve deneyimli öğretmenlerden destek almaktadır. Olumsuz davranışlar, yeni başlayan öğretmenlerin kaygılar yaşamasına, stresli hissetmesine ve okuldan ayrılmayı düşünmesine neden olmaktadır. Yeni başlayan öğretmenler, olumsuz öğrenci davranışları ile başa çıkmak için cezalandırıcı tutum ve uzlaşmacı tavır sergilemektedir.

Araştırmanın Sonuçları ve Öneriler: Göreve yeni başlayan öğretmenler, sınıf ortamında olumsuz öğrenci davranışları ile sıklıkla karşılaşmaktadır. Öğrenciler derslere ilgisiz davranmakta, saldırgan ve müdahaleci bir tutum sergilemekte, öğretim yöntemini sıkıcı bulmakta ve teknolojik araçları ders ortamında amaç dışı kullanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda öğrencilerin etkili öğrenme ve olumlu davranış geliştirmeleri için

Senol SEZER / Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 69 (2017) 199-219 219

izlenmesi gereken yeni eğitim politikaları araştırılabilir. Yeni öğretmenler, kendilerini yetersiz, stresli, kızgın ve gergin hissetmektedir. Bu şekilde mesleği uzun süre devam ettiremeyeceklerini ve istifa etmeyi düşünmektedir. Öğretmen yetiştiren kurumlar, değişen öğrenci yapısı ve veli beklentilerini karşılayacak nitelikte teori ve uygulamaya dayalı bir eğitim modeli oluşturmalı ve donanımlı öğretmenler yetiştirmelidir. Göreve yeni başlayan öğretmenler, görece cezalandırıcı bir tutum sergileyerek sınıf ortamında karşılaştıkları olumsuz davranışları yönetme eğilimindedir. Bu öğretmenlere deneyimli ve yetenekli öğretmenler tarafından akran koçluğu desteği verilmeli, okul-veli işbirliği artırılarak sorunlu öğrencilerin olumsuz davranışlarını azaltmada öğrenci velilerinden daha fazla destek alınmalıdır. Aday öğretmenlerin meslek için etkin bir şekilde hazırlanabilmesi için değişen aile yapıları analiz edilmeli ve öğretmen yetiştirme kurumları tarafından öğrenci karakteristikleri dikkate alınmalıdır.

Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara dayalı olarak, sınıf yönetimi eğitiminin teori ve pratiğe dayalı olarak verilmesi önerilebilir. Okul yöneticileri acemi öğretmenlere kolaylaştırıcı bir tutum sergileyerek nispeten daha az sorunlu öğrencilerin bulunduğu sınıfların sorumluluğunu verebilir. Sonuçlara dayanarak, olumsuz öğrenci davranışların önlemede okul-aile işbirliğinden yararlanılması önerilebilir. Öğrencilerin okul ortamında rahatsızlık duyduğu olaylar ve nedenleri, farklı araştırma konuları olarak ele alınabilir. İdeal okul ve okul mutluluğu konusunda araştırmalar yürütülebilir.

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Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study

Year 2017, Volume: 17 Issue: 69, 199 - 219, 20.05.2017

Abstract

Purpose: It is recognised worldwide that novice teachers encounter various disruptive behaviours and face many challenges that stem from problematic students. Disruptive behaviours are seen as some of the most pervasive challenges widely affecting the teaching experience of novice teachers. In this study, the aim was to determine novice teachers' opinions related to students’ disruptive behaviours in the classroom environment. Research Methods: This study was designed in a qualitative, case study pattern. The study group consists of 24 novice teachers working at public schools in Trabzon city centre. The participants were determined by using the criterion sampling method. Data was obtained with a semi-structured interview form. Findings Novice teachers frequently encounter disruptive behaviours. These disruptive behaviours include chattering, distraction, engaging with mobile phones, chewing gum, abusing classmates, and disrupting the class. Novice teachers express both positive and negative feelings. The positive feelings include paying closer attention and using interesting methods, whereas negative feelings include needing support from experienced teachers, feeling anxious and stressed, and thinking about leaving the school. They exhibit punitive attitudes to cope with disruptive behaviours as well as conciliatory attitudes. Implications for Research and Practice: The results show that classroom management training should be imparted based on theory and practice in education faculty. Furthermore, novice teachers should be supported by experienced teachers

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There are 79 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Senol Sezer Senol Sezer1

Publication Date May 20, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 17 Issue: 69

Cite

APA Senol Sezer1, S. S. (2017). Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 17(69), 199-219.
AMA Senol Sezer1 SS. Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research. May 2017;17(69):199-219.
Chicago Senol Sezer1, Senol Sezer. “Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study”. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 17, no. 69 (May 2017): 199-219.
EndNote Senol Sezer1 SS (May 1, 2017) Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 17 69 199–219.
IEEE S. S. Senol Sezer1, “Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study”, Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, vol. 17, no. 69, pp. 199–219, 2017.
ISNAD Senol Sezer1, Senol Sezer. “Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study”. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 17/69 (May 2017), 199-219.
JAMA Senol Sezer1 SS. Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research. 2017;17:199–219.
MLA Senol Sezer1, Senol Sezer. “Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study”. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, vol. 17, no. 69, 2017, pp. 199-1.
Vancouver Senol Sezer1 SS. Novice Teachers’ Opinions on Students’ Disruptive Behaviours: A Case Study. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research. 2017;17(69):199-21.