EFFECT OF LANDUSE TYPE ON POLLUTION LOADS AT GULF OF IZMIT

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 33 - 40, 01.12.2019

Kağan Cebe , Asu İnan

Abstract

The gulf of İzmit
lies at the eastern edge of the Sea of Marmara, which is the smallest inland
sea that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean through the Bosporus and the
Dardanelles. İzmit city is located on the hill slopes in northern and southern
side of the gulf. On the eastern side, the flat agricultural zone surrounding
the gulf has been subject to rapid urbanization for a couple of decades. The
water quality in the Sea of Marmara has already degraded due to the pollution
carried by the Danube River into the Black Sea, which reaches the Marmara
through strong currents in Bosphorus. Since 20% of Turkey’s population resides
in and the economic activity takes place around the Marmara, besides the
discharges of wide range of industry and refinery, the urban wastewaters and
the urbanization on coastal areas are main sources of pollution. This paper
investigates the effect of the changes in landuses, defined in the CORINE
system 1990, on the surrounding basin of the gulf of İzmit by using
Environmental Protection Agency’s Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The
coastal area is divided into sub-basins considering the elevations extracted
from the topography data provided by Global Digital Elevation Model and the
landuse types according to CORINE data. The pollutants build-up in the basin
and wash-off with the surface discharges are modeled by using SWMM. The changes
in the land-based pollutants on a long term simulation are discussed for the
year 1990 and for the recent status.

Keywords

Land Based Pollution, Runoff, SWMM, Urbanization

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