PZT Polimeraz Zincir Tepkimesi DNA Çoğaltılması Gen Analizi Sıcaklık Çevrimcisi Sıcaklık Çevrimi
Bu çalışmada tasarım ve uygulama ile ilgili fikirleri ile yardımcı olan, Başkent Üniversitesi Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Bölüm Başkanı Prof. Dr. Emir Baki Denkbaş’a ve Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Hüseyin Kurtuldu’ya, sistemi oluşturma kısmında bize yardımcı olan okulumuzun makine mühendisliği laboratuvar sorumlusu İsmail Karabacak’a teşekkür ederiz.
DNA replication is the process whereby the main strands of DNA in the double helix are separated and each one is copied to produce a new strand. Nowadays, DNA replication is one of the most commonly used methods in gene analysis. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the technique of replication of gene segmentation using relevant enzymes under cycling temperature values. Thermocycler in PCR is used to keep the temperature of the DNA tubes at certain discrete values (90°C, 55°C and 72°C) for a certain period.
In this study, a thermocycler which is the main element of PCR was designed. The thermocycler consists of a power supply, heater-cooler element, fan, temperature meter, control circuit, tube chamber and chamber box.
Peltier element was used for heating-cooling processes. Peltier elements on the market were researched and appropriate one was decided. Suitable sensor for temperature measurement was identified. The tube chamber is an aluminum container for microtubes. It was designed using a computer-aided design software however the production was made using lathe process on an aluminum block for a prototype. A heat insulation box is modified for the tube chambers.
For temperature control a PID control algorithm was determined and designed. The control circuit has Arduino Uno for microcontroller control, relays for changing the polarity of the current flow through the Peltier elements and the control of the fan, and a switch to control the application time of the current from the source.
The PID control algorithm takes the number of temperature cycles as input and determines the required temperature values and its application time for the PCR. The temperature sensor was located to the closest position to the tube chamber. The information from the temperature sensor is compared with the required temperature value and the PID coefficient is determined in terms of the application time of the heating or cooling, during this time the switch remains open. For cooling the polarity of the current applied to the Peltiers is changed and the fan is started to cool. All control algorithm was designed on Arduino Uno.
The whole system consists of a box for the chamber for 0.2 mL tubes, a 12V 6A power supply and control circuit. It costs 207 USD. It has been observed that temperature changes were occurred for providing the temperature cycles, but tests and determination of PID coefficients are continuing.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Engineering |
Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | October 31, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Special Issue 2019 |