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Yüksek Yoğunluklu Polietilen Malzemelerde Termal Yaşlandırmanın Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Issue: 34, 757 - 762, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1084996

Abstract

Yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen (HDPE) malzemeler günlük yaşantımızda çoğu yerde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Kullanım yerine göre çeşitli özelliklerde üretilebiliyor olması bu malzemelerin kullanımını arttırmaktadır. HDPE malzemeler metallere kıyasla kimyasallara karşı direncinin yüksek olması avantajlarından biridir. Buna karşın termal etkiler sonucu mekanik özelliklerinde bir miktar değişim gözlemlenebilmektedir. Bu özelliklerin belirlenmesi ve ortaya çıkarılması da büyük önem arz etmektedir. Yapılan çalışmada HDPE numuneler plastik enjeksiyon makinesinde üretilmiştir. Üretilen numunelere fırın içerisinde 90 °C sıcaklıkta 96 h yapay yaşlandırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapay yaşlandırma yapılan ve yapılmayan malzemelerin çekme deneyi, üç nokta eğilme deneyi, basma deneyi, yırtılma deneyi ve sertlik ölçüm deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapay yaşlandırma yapılan numunelerin çekme deneyi sonucu elastisite modülü ve çekme dayanımında artış görülmüş olup buna karşın kopma uzaması değerlerinde belirgin bir düşüş gözlemlenmiştir. Üç nokta eğilme deneyi sonuçlarında ise yaşlandırma işleminin eğilme dayanımı ve eğilmede elastisite modülü değerlerini belirgin bir şekilde arttırdığı görülmüştür. Basma deneylerinde benzer şekilde basma dayanımı ve basmada elastisite modülü değerlerini arttırdığı buna karşın yırtılma deneyinde yırtılma direncinin düştüğü belirlenmiştir. Sertlik ölçüm deneylerinde de ise yapay yaşlandırma yapılan numunelerin sertlik değerlerinde artış gözlemlenmiştir.

Thanks

Yazarlar yapılan çalışmada Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Makine Mühendisliği Laboratuvarları ve Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi, Makine Mühendisliği Laboratuvarları kullanıldığı için her iki kuruma da teşekkürlerini sunar.

References

  • Akdoğan, E. (2019) Polimer esaslı kompozit malzemelere farklı dolgu maddelerinin ilavesinin mekanik ve ısıl özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi (Doktora Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Denizli). Erişim adresi http://acikerisim.pau.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11499/26338
  • Akdoğan, E. (2020). The effects of high density polyethylene addition to low density polyethylene polymer on mechanical, impact and physical properties, European Journal of Technique, 10(1), 25-37. doi: 10.36222/ejt.646693
  • Akdoğan, E. and Bektaş, N.B. (2018). The effects of nanoclay on mechanical properties of high density polyethylene and polypropylene materials, Acta Physica Polonica A, 134(1), 717-721. doi: 10.12693/APhysPolA.134.297
  • Akdoğan, E. and Bektaş, N.B. (2019). The effects of intumescent flame retardant and nanoclay on mechanical and thermal expansion properties of high density polyethylene composites, Acta Physica Polonica A, 135(4), 717-721. doi : 10.12693/APhysPolA.135.717
  • ASTM D618. (2021). Standard Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0618-13
  • ASTM D624. (2020). Standard Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0624-00R20
  • ASTM D638. (2017). Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0638-14
  • ASTM D695. (2016). Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0695-15
  • ASTM D790. (2017). Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials. American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0790-10
  • ASTM D2240. (2021). Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness. American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D2240-15R21
  • Blom, H. P., Teh, J. W., & Rudin, A. (1995). iPP/HDPE blends: Interactions at lower HDPE contents. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 58(6), 995–1006. doi: 10.1002/app.1995.070580605
  • Ferhoum, R., Aberkane, M., Ouali, M. O. and Hachour, K. (2012). The thermal ageing effect on viscoplastic behaviour of high density polyethylene (HDPE). Paper Presented at 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Nantes, France, 2-4 July 2012. doi: 10.1115/ESDA2012-82548
  • Kartalis, C. N., Papaspyrides, C. D., Pfaendner, R., Hoffmann, K., & Herbst, H. (2001). Recycled and restabilized HDPE bottle crates: Retention of critical properties after heat aging. Polymer Engineering and Science, 41(5), 771–781. doi: 10.1002/pen.10774
  • Li, S., Dong, C., Yuan, C., Liu, S., & Bai, X. (2021). Effects of CeO2 nano-particles on anti-aging performance of HDPE polymer during friction. Wear, 477, 203832. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2021.203832
  • M. Saçak, (2008). Polimer Kimyası, Ankara, Türkiye, Gazi Kitabevi.
  • S. Akkurt, (2007). Plastik Malzeme Bilimi Teknolojisi ve Kalıp Tasarımı, İstanbul, Birsen Yayınevi.
  • Ting, S. S., Achmad, N. K., Ismail, H., Santiagoo, R., & Zulkepli, N. N. (2015). Thermal degradation of high-density polyethylene/soya spent powder blends. Journal of Polymer Engineering, 35(5), 437–442. doi: 10.1515/polyeng-2014-0095
  • Zhao, B., Zhang, S., Sun, C., Guo, J., Yu, Y. X., & Xu, T. (2018). Aging behaviour and properties evaluation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in heating-oxygen environment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 369(1). doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/369/1/012021

Investigation the Effects of Thermal Aging on Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene Materials

Year 2022, Issue: 34, 757 - 762, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1084996

Abstract

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) materials appear in many places in our daily lives. The fact that it can be produced in various properties according to the place of use increases the use of these materials. One of the advantages of HDPE materials are high chemical resistance compared to metals. On the other hand, some change in mechanical properties can be observed as a result of thermal effects. Identifying and revealing these properties are also of great importance. In this study, HDPE samples were produced in a plastic injection machine. Thermal aging of the produced samples was carried out in the oven at 90 °C for 96 h. Tensile test, three-point bending test, compression test, tear test and hardness test of materials with and without artificial aging were carried out. As a result of the tensile test of the artificially aged samples, an increase was observed in the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength, but a significant decrease was observed in the elongation at break values. In the three-point bending test results, it was observed that the aging process significantly increased the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity in bending. Similarly, it was determined that the compressive strength and the modulus of elasticity in compression increased in the compression tests, whereas the tearing resistance decreased in the tearing test. In the hardness measurement experiments, an increase was observed in the hardness values of the thermally aged samples.

References

  • Akdoğan, E. (2019) Polimer esaslı kompozit malzemelere farklı dolgu maddelerinin ilavesinin mekanik ve ısıl özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi (Doktora Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Denizli). Erişim adresi http://acikerisim.pau.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11499/26338
  • Akdoğan, E. (2020). The effects of high density polyethylene addition to low density polyethylene polymer on mechanical, impact and physical properties, European Journal of Technique, 10(1), 25-37. doi: 10.36222/ejt.646693
  • Akdoğan, E. and Bektaş, N.B. (2018). The effects of nanoclay on mechanical properties of high density polyethylene and polypropylene materials, Acta Physica Polonica A, 134(1), 717-721. doi: 10.12693/APhysPolA.134.297
  • Akdoğan, E. and Bektaş, N.B. (2019). The effects of intumescent flame retardant and nanoclay on mechanical and thermal expansion properties of high density polyethylene composites, Acta Physica Polonica A, 135(4), 717-721. doi : 10.12693/APhysPolA.135.717
  • ASTM D618. (2021). Standard Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0618-13
  • ASTM D624. (2020). Standard Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0624-00R20
  • ASTM D638. (2017). Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0638-14
  • ASTM D695. (2016). Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics, American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0695-15
  • ASTM D790. (2017). Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials. American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D0790-10
  • ASTM D2240. (2021). Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness. American Society for Testing and Materials. doi: 10.1520/D2240-15R21
  • Blom, H. P., Teh, J. W., & Rudin, A. (1995). iPP/HDPE blends: Interactions at lower HDPE contents. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 58(6), 995–1006. doi: 10.1002/app.1995.070580605
  • Ferhoum, R., Aberkane, M., Ouali, M. O. and Hachour, K. (2012). The thermal ageing effect on viscoplastic behaviour of high density polyethylene (HDPE). Paper Presented at 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Nantes, France, 2-4 July 2012. doi: 10.1115/ESDA2012-82548
  • Kartalis, C. N., Papaspyrides, C. D., Pfaendner, R., Hoffmann, K., & Herbst, H. (2001). Recycled and restabilized HDPE bottle crates: Retention of critical properties after heat aging. Polymer Engineering and Science, 41(5), 771–781. doi: 10.1002/pen.10774
  • Li, S., Dong, C., Yuan, C., Liu, S., & Bai, X. (2021). Effects of CeO2 nano-particles on anti-aging performance of HDPE polymer during friction. Wear, 477, 203832. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2021.203832
  • M. Saçak, (2008). Polimer Kimyası, Ankara, Türkiye, Gazi Kitabevi.
  • S. Akkurt, (2007). Plastik Malzeme Bilimi Teknolojisi ve Kalıp Tasarımı, İstanbul, Birsen Yayınevi.
  • Ting, S. S., Achmad, N. K., Ismail, H., Santiagoo, R., & Zulkepli, N. N. (2015). Thermal degradation of high-density polyethylene/soya spent powder blends. Journal of Polymer Engineering, 35(5), 437–442. doi: 10.1515/polyeng-2014-0095
  • Zhao, B., Zhang, S., Sun, C., Guo, J., Yu, Y. X., & Xu, T. (2018). Aging behaviour and properties evaluation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in heating-oxygen environment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 369(1). doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/369/1/012021
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Şahbaz 0000-0001-6379-8345

Erkin Akdoğan 0000-0001-6993-6972

Early Pub Date January 30, 2022
Publication Date March 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 34

Cite

APA Şahbaz, M., & Akdoğan, E. (2022). Yüksek Yoğunluklu Polietilen Malzemelerde Termal Yaşlandırmanın Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(34), 757-762. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1084996