Geçmişin ve Geleceğin Yapı Malzemesi Olarak Ahşap: Yapı Mühendisliği Çerçevesinde Bir İnceleme

Year 2022, Issue: 36, 298 - 304, 31.05.2022

Hüseyin Kürşat Çelik , Gökhan Şakar

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1108072

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Ahşap, inşa etmekte kullanılan en eski yapı malzemelerinden birisidir. Doğal bir malzeme olması, kolaylıkla temin edilebilmesi, çekme gerilmelerini karşılayabilmesi, ağırlığına oranla taşıma gücünün yüksek olması gibi çeşitli avantajları onu alternatiflerinden farklı bir yere koymaktadır. Bu özellikleri ile ahşap, endüstri devrimine kadar yapı kültüründe önemli bir yere sahipti. Betonarme ve çelik inşaatlarındaki gelişmeler ahşabın popülerliğinin yitirilmesine sebebiyet verse de, endüstriyel ahşap ürünlerin geliştirilmesi ve yapı tasarım yaklaşımlarında çevreye duyarlı yapı inşa etme arzusu gibi etkilerle ahşap yeniden gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, ahşabın günümüzdeki ve gelecekteki yerini anlamak için ahşap yapıların tarihsel gelişimi incelenmiştir. Ahşap yapı sistemlerindeki çeşitlilikler vurgulanarak, ahşabın yönetmelikler ve standartlardaki yeri irdelenmiştir. Ahşap yapıların geleceği ile modern tasarım ilkeleri için çeşitli öneri ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.

Keywords

ahşap köprü, ahşap bina, EN5, NDS, taşıyıcı sistem

Timber as a Building Material of the Past and the Future: An Investigation in the Perspective of Structural Engineering

Abstract

Wood is one of the oldest building materials used in construction. Various advantages such as being a natural material, being easily available, able to withstand tensile stresses, and having a high carrying capacity compared to its weight put it in a different place from its alternatives. With these features, wood had an important place in the building culture until the industrial revolution. Although the developments in reinforced concrete and steel constructions have caused the loss of popularity of wood, it has come to the fore again due to the development of industrial wood products and the desire to build environmentally friendly structures in building design approaches. In this study, the historical development of wooden structures is examined in order to understand the present and future place of wood. By emphasizing the diversity in wooden construction systems, the place of wood in codes and standards has been examined. Various suggestions and evaluations have been made for the future of wooden structures and modern design principles.

Keywords

timber bridge, timber building, EN5, NDS, structural system

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