Research Article
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Year 2024, , 45 - 50, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1400982

Abstract

References

  • [1] G. Durisi, T. Koch and P. Popovski, “Toward Massive, Ultrareliable, and Low-Latency Wireless Communication With Short Packets,” in Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 104, no. 9, pp. 1711-1726, Sept. 2016.
  • [2] M. C. Coşkun et al., “Efficient error-correcting codes in the short blocklength regime,” Phys. Comm., vol. 34, pp. 66-79, Jun. 2019.
  • [3] O. Afisiadis, A. Burg and A. Balatsoukas-Stimming, “Coded LoRa Frame Error Rate Analysis”, IEEE ICC, Dublin, Ireland, 2020, pp. 1-6.
  • [4] G. Baruffa, L. Rugini, L. Germani, F. Frescura, “Error probability performance of chirp modulation in uncoded and coded LoRa systems,” Digit. Signal Process., vol. 106, Nov. 2020.
  • [5] J. Tapparel, M. Xhonneux, D. Bol, J. Louveaux and A. Burg, "Enhancing the reliability of dense LoRaWAN networks with multiuser receivers", IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc., vol. 2, pp. 2725-2738, 2021.
  • [6] T. Elshabrawy and J. Robert, “Closed-Form Approximation of LoRa Modulation BER Performance,” in IEEE Comm. Letters, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 1778-1781, Sept. 2018.
  • [7] R. V. Şenyuva, “Union bounds on the symbol error probability of LoRa modulation for flat Rician block fading channels”, Phys. Comm., vol. 58, 2023.
  • [8] Z. L. OO, T. W. Lai, and A. Moe, “IoT Based Home Automation System using a REST API Architecture”, EJT, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 123-128, 2022.
  • [9] R. Daş, and T. Ababaker, “Design and Application of a Smart Home System based on Internet of Things”, EJT, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 34-42, 2021.
  • [10] F. Abdulkafi, S. Kurnaz, and F. A. Abdulkafi, “Security Improvements of Internet of Things Systems.” EJT, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 476 - 488, 2020.
  • [11] U. Raza, P. Kulkarni and M. Sooriyabandara, “Low Power Wide Area Networks: An Overview,” in IEEE Comm. Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 855-873, Secondquarter 2017.
  • [12] M. Centenaro, L. Vangelista, A. Zanella and M. Zorzi, “Long-range communications in unlicensed bands: the rising stars in the IoT and smart city scenarios,” in IEEE Wireless Comm., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 60-67, Oct. 2016.
  • [13] M. Chiani and A. Elzanaty, “On the LoRa Modulation for IoT: Waveform Properties and Spectral Analysis,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 8463-8470, Oct. 2019.
  • [14] R. Ghanaatian, O. Afisiadis, M. Cotting and A. Burg, “Lora Digital Receiver Analysis and Implementation,” IEEE ICASSP, Brighton, UK, 2019, pp. 1498-1502.
  • [15] H. Ma, Y. Fang, G. Cai, G. Han and Y. Li, “A New Frequency-Bin-Index LoRa System for High-Data-Rate Transmission: Design and Performance Analysis,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 9, no. 14, pp. 12515-12528, July 2022.
  • [16] T. Elshabrawy and J. Robert, “Interleaved Chirp Spreading LoRa-Based Modulation,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 3855-3863, April 2019.
  • [17] M. Hanif and H. H. Nguyen, “Slope-Shift Keying LoRa-Based Modulation,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 211-221, 1 Jan.1, 2021.
  • [18] R. V. Şenyuva, “Comparison of LoRa-Based Modulations,” IEEE SIU, Safranbolu, Turkey, 2022, pp. 1-4.
  • [19] O. Afisiadis, M. Cotting, A. Burg and A. Balatsoukas-Stimming, “On the Error Rate of the LoRa Modulation With Interference,” in IEEE Trans. Wireless Comm., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 1292-1304, Feb. 2020.
  • [20] O. Afisiadis, S. Li, J. Tapparel, A. Burg and A. Balatsoukas-Stimming, “On the Advantage of Coherent LoRa Detection in the Presence of Interference,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 8, no. 14, pp. 11581-11593, July 2021.
  • [21] J. Courjault, B. Vrigneau, O. Berder and M. R. Bhatnagar, “A Computable Form for LoRa Performance Estimation: Application to Ricean and Nakagami Fading,” in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 81601-81611, 2021.

Frame Error Rate Approximations in Coded LoRa Systems

Year 2024, , 45 - 50, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1400982

Abstract

In this study, we consider the approximations for calculating the frame error rate (FER) of a communication system using the coded low power long range (LoRa) modulation for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The discrete-time baseband model of the LoRa communication system encompasses the (7,4) Hamming encoder, a diagonal interleaver, a Gray encoder, and the LoRa baseband modulator. Two FER approximations using a tighter uncoded symbol error rate (SER) bound are derived. The derived approximations are compared against the numerical evaluation of the FER in Monte Carlo trials and the state-of-art FER approximations. Numerical results show that the proposed FER approximations are tighter.

References

  • [1] G. Durisi, T. Koch and P. Popovski, “Toward Massive, Ultrareliable, and Low-Latency Wireless Communication With Short Packets,” in Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 104, no. 9, pp. 1711-1726, Sept. 2016.
  • [2] M. C. Coşkun et al., “Efficient error-correcting codes in the short blocklength regime,” Phys. Comm., vol. 34, pp. 66-79, Jun. 2019.
  • [3] O. Afisiadis, A. Burg and A. Balatsoukas-Stimming, “Coded LoRa Frame Error Rate Analysis”, IEEE ICC, Dublin, Ireland, 2020, pp. 1-6.
  • [4] G. Baruffa, L. Rugini, L. Germani, F. Frescura, “Error probability performance of chirp modulation in uncoded and coded LoRa systems,” Digit. Signal Process., vol. 106, Nov. 2020.
  • [5] J. Tapparel, M. Xhonneux, D. Bol, J. Louveaux and A. Burg, "Enhancing the reliability of dense LoRaWAN networks with multiuser receivers", IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc., vol. 2, pp. 2725-2738, 2021.
  • [6] T. Elshabrawy and J. Robert, “Closed-Form Approximation of LoRa Modulation BER Performance,” in IEEE Comm. Letters, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 1778-1781, Sept. 2018.
  • [7] R. V. Şenyuva, “Union bounds on the symbol error probability of LoRa modulation for flat Rician block fading channels”, Phys. Comm., vol. 58, 2023.
  • [8] Z. L. OO, T. W. Lai, and A. Moe, “IoT Based Home Automation System using a REST API Architecture”, EJT, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 123-128, 2022.
  • [9] R. Daş, and T. Ababaker, “Design and Application of a Smart Home System based on Internet of Things”, EJT, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 34-42, 2021.
  • [10] F. Abdulkafi, S. Kurnaz, and F. A. Abdulkafi, “Security Improvements of Internet of Things Systems.” EJT, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 476 - 488, 2020.
  • [11] U. Raza, P. Kulkarni and M. Sooriyabandara, “Low Power Wide Area Networks: An Overview,” in IEEE Comm. Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 855-873, Secondquarter 2017.
  • [12] M. Centenaro, L. Vangelista, A. Zanella and M. Zorzi, “Long-range communications in unlicensed bands: the rising stars in the IoT and smart city scenarios,” in IEEE Wireless Comm., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 60-67, Oct. 2016.
  • [13] M. Chiani and A. Elzanaty, “On the LoRa Modulation for IoT: Waveform Properties and Spectral Analysis,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 8463-8470, Oct. 2019.
  • [14] R. Ghanaatian, O. Afisiadis, M. Cotting and A. Burg, “Lora Digital Receiver Analysis and Implementation,” IEEE ICASSP, Brighton, UK, 2019, pp. 1498-1502.
  • [15] H. Ma, Y. Fang, G. Cai, G. Han and Y. Li, “A New Frequency-Bin-Index LoRa System for High-Data-Rate Transmission: Design and Performance Analysis,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 9, no. 14, pp. 12515-12528, July 2022.
  • [16] T. Elshabrawy and J. Robert, “Interleaved Chirp Spreading LoRa-Based Modulation,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 3855-3863, April 2019.
  • [17] M. Hanif and H. H. Nguyen, “Slope-Shift Keying LoRa-Based Modulation,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 211-221, 1 Jan.1, 2021.
  • [18] R. V. Şenyuva, “Comparison of LoRa-Based Modulations,” IEEE SIU, Safranbolu, Turkey, 2022, pp. 1-4.
  • [19] O. Afisiadis, M. Cotting, A. Burg and A. Balatsoukas-Stimming, “On the Error Rate of the LoRa Modulation With Interference,” in IEEE Trans. Wireless Comm., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 1292-1304, Feb. 2020.
  • [20] O. Afisiadis, S. Li, J. Tapparel, A. Burg and A. Balatsoukas-Stimming, “On the Advantage of Coherent LoRa Detection in the Presence of Interference,” in IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 8, no. 14, pp. 11581-11593, July 2021.
  • [21] J. Courjault, B. Vrigneau, O. Berder and M. R. Bhatnagar, “A Computable Form for LoRa Performance Estimation: Application to Ricean and Nakagami Fading,” in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 81601-81611, 2021.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electrical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Rıfat Volkan Şenyuva 0000-0003-2928-0627

Early Pub Date August 23, 2024
Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date December 6, 2023
Acceptance Date March 27, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Şenyuva, R. V. (2024). Frame Error Rate Approximations in Coded LoRa Systems. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 14(1), 45-50. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1400982

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