Türkiye'deki bazı odunsu ağaç türlerinin nematod çeşitliliği üzerine taksonomik bir çalışma: Tekirdağ ili örneği

Year 2025, Volume: 49 Issue: 1, 69 - 85, 14.04.2025

Lerzan Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1588275

Abstract

Kara kavak [Populus nigra L. (Malpighiales: Salicaceae)], Himalaya sediri [Cedrus deodara (Lamb.) G.Don (Pinales: Pinaceae)], servi [Cupressus sempervirens L. (Malpighiales: Salicaceae)], Doğu çınarı [Platanus orientalis L. (Proteales: Platanaceae)], Adi dişbudak [Fraxinus excelsior L. (Lamiales: Oleaceae)], Karaçam [Pinus pinea L. (Pinales: Pinaceae)] ve Yalancı akasya [Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabales: Fabaceae)] ağaçlarının yetişme alanlarındaki nematod biyoçeşitliliğini belirlemek için 2024 yılında Süleymanpaşa Tekirdağ’da bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Her ağacın rizosferinde 0-60 cm derinlikten toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Nematodlar, santrifüj yöntemi kullanılarak ekstrakte edilmiş ve teşhisleri polytomous anahtarlar kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, Karaçam rizosfer topraklarında 38 cins, Himalaya sedirinde 32 cins, servide 36 cins, doğu çınarında 34 cins, yalancı akasyada 31 cins, adi dişbudakta 27 cins ve kara kavakta 27 cins tespit edilmiştir. Cephalobus Bastian, 1865 (Rhabditida: Cephalobidae), Aphelenchus Bastian, 1865 (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchidae), Filenchus Andrassy, 1954 (Tylenchida: Tylenchidae) ve Geocenamus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (Tylenchida: Merliniidae) tüm ağaç türlerinde bulunmuştur. Nematod çeşitliliklerini farklı taksonik düzeyde karşılaştırmak için birçok taksonomik çeşitlilik indeksi hesaplanmıştır. Shannon diversity index (H′) 2.99 ile 3.41 arasında, Evenness index (J′) 0.90 ile 0.95 arasında, Maturity (MI) 2.29 ile 2.48 arasında ve Plant-parasitic index (PPI) 2.84 ile 3.02 arasında değişmiştir. Trofik gruplara göre yapılan analizde, bitki paraziti ve bakteri ile beslenen nematodların tüm ağaç türlerinde yaygın olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Nematod faunası, toprak, taksonomi, odunsu ağaçlar, Türkiye

A taxonomic study on nematode diversity of some terrestrial trees in Türkiye: a case study in Tekirdağ

Abstract

The current study was conducted in 2024 in Süleymanpaşa, Tekirdağ to determine the nematode biodiversity in the black poplar [Populus nigra L. (Malpighiales: Salicaceae)], Himalayan cedar [Cedrus deodara (Lamb.) G.Don (Pinales: Pinaceae)], cypress [Cupressus sempervirens L. (Pinales: Cupressaceae)], oriental plane [Platanus orientalis L. (Proteales: Platanaceae)], common ash [Fraxinus excelsior L. (Lamiales: Oleaceae)], stone pine [Pinus pinea L. (Pinales: Pinaceae)], and black locust [Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabales: Fabaceae)] growing areas. Soil samples were collected from the 0-60 cm soil depth of each tree rhizosphere. Nematodes were extracted using the centrifuge flotation method, and identifications were made using polytomous keys. In the study, 38 genera were identified in the rhizosphere soil of stone pine, 32 in Himalayan cedar, 36 in cypress, 34 in oriental plane, 31 in black locust, 27 in common ash, and 27 in black poplar. Cephalobus Bastian, 1865 (Rhabditida: Cephalobidae), Aphelenchus Bastian, 1865 (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchidae), Filenchus Andrassy, 1954 (Tylenchida: Tylenchidae), and Geocenamus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (Tylenchida: Merliniidae) were common genera across all tree species. Taxonomic diversity indices were calculated to compare nematode diversities at different taxonomic levels. The Shannon diversity index (H′) ranged from 2.99 to 3.41, Evenness (J′) from 0.90 to 0.95, Maturity index (MI) from 2.29 to 2.48, and Plant-parasitic index (PPI) from 2.84 to 3.02. Analysis by trophic groups revealed that plant parasitic and bacterial feeder nematodes were more prevalent in all tree species.

Keywords

Nematode fauna, soil, taxonomy, woody trees, Türkiye

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