ORTA GELİR TUZAĞINI AÇIKLAYAN TEORİK VE AMPİRİK YAKLAŞIMLAR

Year 2017, Issue: 49, 87 - 115, 28.06.2017

Fatma Ünlü , Rıfat Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.323905

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalar orta gelirli
ülkelerin aynı gelir grubunda uzun yıllar kalarak bir üst gelir grubuna
çıkamadığını göstermiştir. Orta gelirli ülkelerin karşı karşıya kaldığı bu
sorun orta gelir tuzağı kavramını gündeme getirmiştir. Bu ülkelerin tuzağa
yakalanmamak ya da tuzaktan çıkmak için hangi faktörlere odaklanması gerektiği
düşüncesinden hareketle literatürde pek çok yaklaşım geliştirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla
bu çalışmanın amacı; orta gelir tuzağını açıklayan teorik ve ampirik
yaklaşımların detaylı bir şekilde ortaya konulmasına katkıda bulunmaktır. Orta gelir
tuzağı olgusu arz yönlü, talep yönlü, ekonomik gelişme evreleri, eşitsizlik,
politik iktisat, büyümede yavaşlama ve diğer yaklaşımlar olmak üzere yedi
başlıkta toplanmıştır. Söz konusu yaklaşımlardan yola çıkarak orta gelir tuzağı olgusunun yapısal bir sorundan kaynaklandığı ve bu sorunun aşılmasında bütüncül bir yaklaşımla hareket edilmesi gerektiği sonucuna
ulaşılmaktadır.

Keywords

Orta Gelir Tuzağı, Büyümede Yavaşlama, Ekonomik Gelişme

THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL APPROACHES EXPLAINING THE MIDDLE INCOME TRAP

Abstract

Studies
published in recent years indicated that middle-income countries stay for many
years at the same income group, cannot ascend to upper income group. This
problem that middle-income countries faced with has brought the middle-income
trap concept up to the agenda.

Many approaches have been developed in the literature in the light of which
factors these countries should focus to avoid or exit from the trap. Therefore,
aim of the this study is to contribute to explaining theoretical
and empirical approaches explaining the middle income trap in detail.

The phenomenon
of middle income trap have been gathered to
seven groups, demand side, economic development cycles, inequality, political
economy, growth slowdown and other approaches. Based upon the aforementioned approaches, it is concluded
that the phenomenon of
middle income trap is generated from a structural issue and that a
comprehensive approach should be taken to overcome this problem.

Keywords

Middle Income Trap, Growth Slowdowns, Economic Development

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