TÜRK GİRİŞİMCİLERİN PERSPEKTİFİNDEN GİRİŞİMCİLİĞİN FİNANSMANINDA KİTLE FONLAMASI: KİCKSTARTER ÖRNEĞİ
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, kitle fonlaması yönteminde Türk girişimcilerin hangi nedenlerle başarısız olduklarını belirleyebilmek, yapılan hataların nasıl düzeltilebileceğine dair bir yol haritası sunmaktır. Nitel bir yaklaşım ile tasarlanan çalışmada, kitle fonlaması platformlarından biri olan Kickstarter’da proje yürütmüş olan 9 Türk girişimci ile derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, kitle fonlamasının destekçi kitlesi, ürün tanıtımları, küresel fırsat yaratma gibi faydaları bulunmaktadır. Prosedürler, Türk projelere olan güvensizlik ve dolandırıcılık gibi kitle fonlaması dezavantajları tema olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Türk girişimcilerin başarısızlık nedenleri, genel girişimcilik sorunları ve kitle fonlamasına özgü sorunlar temaları altında incelenmiştir. Türk girişimcilere öneri temaları ise kitle fonlaması projesi öncesi, süreci ve sonrası olarak 3 dönemde tartışılmıştır. Kitle fonlaması sistemi girişimciler açısından öne çıkan faydaları ile önemli bir fon bulma aracıdır. Özellikle Kickstarter’da başarılı proje yürütmek isteyen Türk girişimciler; kitle fonlaması projeleri için iyi bir planlama yapmalı, doğru bir ekip kurmalı, bütünleşik pazarlama faaliyetlerinden faydalanmalı ve bütün bir sürecin de finansmanını hesaplayarak hareket etmelidir. Araştırma kitle fonlaması üzerinden fon toplamış Türk girişimcilerin konuya ilişkin görüşlerini nitel bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirdiği için özgün bir nitelik taşımaktadır
Keywords
References
- Açıkgöz, B. (2018). Girişimciler için bir finansman aracı olarak kitle fonlaması. III. Uluslararası Bozok Sempozyumu içinde (ss. 256-262). Yozgat: Türkiye, Erişim adresi: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Betul_Acikgoz/publication/335543475_Girisimciler_icin_Bir_Finansman_Araci_Olarak_Kitle_Fonlamasi/links/5d6cf248a6fdcc547d722de3/Girisimciler-icin-Bir-Finansman-Araci-Olarak-Kitle-Fonlamasi.pdf
- Baumol, W. J. (1983). Toward operational models of entrepreneurship. Ronen, J. (Ed.), Entrepreneurship, içinde (s. 29–48). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
- Beaulieu, T., Sarker, S. ve Sarker, S. (2015). A conceptual framework for understanding crowdfunding. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 37(1), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.03701
- Belleflamme, P., Lambert, T. ve Schwienbacher, A. (2010). Crowdfunding: An industrial organization rerspective: Digital business models: understanding strategies. Erişim adresi https://economix.fr/uploads/source/doc/workshops/2010_dbm/Belleflamme_al.pdf
- Belleflamme, P., Lambert, T. ve Schwienbacher, A. (2013). Individual crowdfunding practices. Venture Capital, 15(4), 313-333. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2013.785151
- Bradford, S.C. (2012). Crowdfunding and the federal securities laws. Columbia Business Law Review, 2012(1), 1–150.
- Casamatta, C. ve Haritchabalet, C. (2014). Dealing with venture capitalists: shopping around or exclusive negotiation. Review of Finance, 18, 1743-1773. https://doi.org/10.1093/rof/rft040
- Cornell, C. J. (2014). Crowdfunding: more than money jumpstarting university entrepreneurship. Venturewell Proceedings of Open, the Annual Conference içinde (ss. 1-7), National Collegiate Inventors & Innovators Alliance.
- Cosh, A., Cumming, D. ve Hughes, A. (2009). Outside enterpreneurial capital. The Economic Journal, 119(10), 1494-1533. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2009.02270.x
- Çağlar, M. T. (2019). Yeni nesil alternatif finansman yöntemi olarak kitlesel fonlama: Dünya ve Türkiye uygulaması. Uygulamalı Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(2), 18-34.
- Fettahoğlu, S. ve Khusayan, S. (2017). Yeni finansman olanağı: Kitle fonlama. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(4), 497-521.
- Freedman, D., ve Nutting, M. R. (2015). A brief history of crowdfunding. Erişim adresi https://aboutcrowdfundinginfo.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/History-of-Crowdfunding.pdf
- Gerber, E. M., Hui, J. S. ve Kuo, P. (2012). Crowdfunding: Why people are motivated to post and fund projects on crowdfunding platforms. Erişim adresi https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c1e2/a1068f0af1c3120c62be5943340518860ecb.pdf
- Helmer, J. (2014). 8 ways to cut through the crowdfunding clutter. Entrepreneur, 42(6), 86-90.
- Hoque, F. (2012, Ekim 12). Why most venture-backed companies fail. Erişim adresi https://www.fastcompany.com/90462171/these-9-cool-tricks-unleash-the-power-of-amazons-alexa-assistant İşler, S. T. (2014). Modern finansmanda yeni bir dönem: kitlesel fonlama – Crowdfunding. Gösterge, Güz, 50-65.
- Karaarslan, M. H. ve Altuntaş, B. (2015). Sosyal pazarlamanın yeni aracı: Kitle fonlaması. 20. Ulusal Pazarlama Kongresi içinde (ss. 487-497), Anadolu Üniversitesi: Eskişehir.
- Kuppuswamy, V. ve Bayus, B. L. (2013). Crowdfunding creative ideas: the dynamics of project backers in Kickstarter. Erişim adresi https://funginstitute.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Crowdfunding_Creative_Ideas.pdf
- Mansfiled, M. (2019, Mart 28). Startup statıstıcs – The numbers you need to know. Erişim adresi https://smallbiztrends.com/2019/03/startup-statistics-small-business.html
- Markova, S. ve Perkovska-Mircevska, T. (2009). Financing options for entrepreneurial ventures. Economic Interferences, 11(26), 597-604.
- Meyskens, M. ve Bird, L. (2015). Crowdfunding and value creation. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 5(2), 155-166. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2015-0007
- Mitra, D. (2012). The role of crowdfunding in entrepreneurial finance. Delhi Business Review, 13(2), 67-72.
- Mollick, E. (2014). The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.06.005
- Ordanini, A., Miceli, L., Pizzetti, M. ve Parasuraman, A. (2011). Crowd-Funding: Transforming customers into investors through innovative service platforms. Journal of Service Management, 22(4), 443-470. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564231111155079
- Özdemir, O. ve Karabulut, F. (2017). Fon toplamanın ötesinde: sosyal girişimcilik projeleri için kitle fonlaması. Hakan Kapucu ve Çisem Bektur (Eds.), Current Databases in Accounting & Finance içinde (ss. 153-176), London, England: IJOPEC.
- Praag, C. M. ve Versloot, P. H. (2007). What is the valur of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research. Small Bus Econ, 29, 351-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-007-9074-x
- Schwienbacher, A. ve Larralde, B. (2010, Eylül 28). Crowdfunding of small entrepreneurial ventures. Handbook of entrepreneurıal fınance, içinde (s. 1-23), İngiltere: Oxford University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1699183
- Wennekers, S. ve Thurik, R. (1999). Linking entrepreneurship and economic growth. Small Business Economics, 13(1), 27-56. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008063200484 Vural, A. ve Doğan, D. U. (2019). Girişimcilik finansmanında yeni bir model: Kitle fonlaması. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(1), 88-100.
CROWDFUNDING IN THE FINANCING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TURKISH ENTREPRENEURS: KICKSTARTER CASE
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine why Turkish entrepreneurs have failed in crowdfunding, and to provide a guide on how to correct their mistakes. The study is desinged in qualitative method. Accordingly, in-depth interviews were made with 9 participants who run projects on the Kickstarter platform. Content analysis was applied with the data obtained from interviews. According to results of analysis, crowdfunding has benefits such as supportive community, product promotions, creating global opportunities. On the other side; procedures, trust issues and fraud are themes as crowdfunding disadvantages. The reasons for failure of Turkish entrepreneurs are examined under general entrepreneurship problems and crowdfunding issues. Crowdfunding with its benefits is one of the most prominent methods to obtain the required capital for investment. Especially Turkish entrepreneurs who want to carry out successful projects in Kickstarter; It should make a good planning for crowdfunding projects, organize a team with specialists, benefit from integrated marketing communication and act by calculating the financing of the whole project process. The research is unique in that it evaluates the views of Turkish entrepreneurs who have collected funds through crowdfunding, from a qualitative perspective
Keywords
References
- Açıkgöz, B. (2018). Girişimciler için bir finansman aracı olarak kitle fonlaması. III. Uluslararası Bozok Sempozyumu içinde (ss. 256-262). Yozgat: Türkiye, Erişim adresi: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Betul_Acikgoz/publication/335543475_Girisimciler_icin_Bir_Finansman_Araci_Olarak_Kitle_Fonlamasi/links/5d6cf248a6fdcc547d722de3/Girisimciler-icin-Bir-Finansman-Araci-Olarak-Kitle-Fonlamasi.pdf
- Baumol, W. J. (1983). Toward operational models of entrepreneurship. Ronen, J. (Ed.), Entrepreneurship, içinde (s. 29–48). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
- Beaulieu, T., Sarker, S. ve Sarker, S. (2015). A conceptual framework for understanding crowdfunding. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 37(1), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.03701
- Belleflamme, P., Lambert, T. ve Schwienbacher, A. (2010). Crowdfunding: An industrial organization rerspective: Digital business models: understanding strategies. Erişim adresi https://economix.fr/uploads/source/doc/workshops/2010_dbm/Belleflamme_al.pdf
- Belleflamme, P., Lambert, T. ve Schwienbacher, A. (2013). Individual crowdfunding practices. Venture Capital, 15(4), 313-333. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2013.785151
- Bradford, S.C. (2012). Crowdfunding and the federal securities laws. Columbia Business Law Review, 2012(1), 1–150.
- Casamatta, C. ve Haritchabalet, C. (2014). Dealing with venture capitalists: shopping around or exclusive negotiation. Review of Finance, 18, 1743-1773. https://doi.org/10.1093/rof/rft040
- Cornell, C. J. (2014). Crowdfunding: more than money jumpstarting university entrepreneurship. Venturewell Proceedings of Open, the Annual Conference içinde (ss. 1-7), National Collegiate Inventors & Innovators Alliance.
- Cosh, A., Cumming, D. ve Hughes, A. (2009). Outside enterpreneurial capital. The Economic Journal, 119(10), 1494-1533. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2009.02270.x
- Çağlar, M. T. (2019). Yeni nesil alternatif finansman yöntemi olarak kitlesel fonlama: Dünya ve Türkiye uygulaması. Uygulamalı Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(2), 18-34.
- Fettahoğlu, S. ve Khusayan, S. (2017). Yeni finansman olanağı: Kitle fonlama. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(4), 497-521.
- Freedman, D., ve Nutting, M. R. (2015). A brief history of crowdfunding. Erişim adresi https://aboutcrowdfundinginfo.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/History-of-Crowdfunding.pdf
- Gerber, E. M., Hui, J. S. ve Kuo, P. (2012). Crowdfunding: Why people are motivated to post and fund projects on crowdfunding platforms. Erişim adresi https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c1e2/a1068f0af1c3120c62be5943340518860ecb.pdf
- Helmer, J. (2014). 8 ways to cut through the crowdfunding clutter. Entrepreneur, 42(6), 86-90.
- Hoque, F. (2012, Ekim 12). Why most venture-backed companies fail. Erişim adresi https://www.fastcompany.com/90462171/these-9-cool-tricks-unleash-the-power-of-amazons-alexa-assistant İşler, S. T. (2014). Modern finansmanda yeni bir dönem: kitlesel fonlama – Crowdfunding. Gösterge, Güz, 50-65.
- Karaarslan, M. H. ve Altuntaş, B. (2015). Sosyal pazarlamanın yeni aracı: Kitle fonlaması. 20. Ulusal Pazarlama Kongresi içinde (ss. 487-497), Anadolu Üniversitesi: Eskişehir.
- Kuppuswamy, V. ve Bayus, B. L. (2013). Crowdfunding creative ideas: the dynamics of project backers in Kickstarter. Erişim adresi https://funginstitute.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Crowdfunding_Creative_Ideas.pdf
- Mansfiled, M. (2019, Mart 28). Startup statıstıcs – The numbers you need to know. Erişim adresi https://smallbiztrends.com/2019/03/startup-statistics-small-business.html
- Markova, S. ve Perkovska-Mircevska, T. (2009). Financing options for entrepreneurial ventures. Economic Interferences, 11(26), 597-604.
- Meyskens, M. ve Bird, L. (2015). Crowdfunding and value creation. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 5(2), 155-166. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2015-0007
- Mitra, D. (2012). The role of crowdfunding in entrepreneurial finance. Delhi Business Review, 13(2), 67-72.
- Mollick, E. (2014). The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.06.005
- Ordanini, A., Miceli, L., Pizzetti, M. ve Parasuraman, A. (2011). Crowd-Funding: Transforming customers into investors through innovative service platforms. Journal of Service Management, 22(4), 443-470. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564231111155079
- Özdemir, O. ve Karabulut, F. (2017). Fon toplamanın ötesinde: sosyal girişimcilik projeleri için kitle fonlaması. Hakan Kapucu ve Çisem Bektur (Eds.), Current Databases in Accounting & Finance içinde (ss. 153-176), London, England: IJOPEC.
- Praag, C. M. ve Versloot, P. H. (2007). What is the valur of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research. Small Bus Econ, 29, 351-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-007-9074-x
- Schwienbacher, A. ve Larralde, B. (2010, Eylül 28). Crowdfunding of small entrepreneurial ventures. Handbook of entrepreneurıal fınance, içinde (s. 1-23), İngiltere: Oxford University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1699183
- Wennekers, S. ve Thurik, R. (1999). Linking entrepreneurship and economic growth. Small Business Economics, 13(1), 27-56. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008063200484 Vural, A. ve Doğan, D. U. (2019). Girişimcilik finansmanında yeni bir model: Kitle fonlaması. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(1), 88-100.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 25, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Issue: 1 - 19th International Business Congress Special Issue |
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