Son yirmi otuz yıl içerisinde artan yaşlı nüfus ve yükselen refah beklentileri ülkelerin sosyal güvenlik sistemlerinin finansal sürdürülebilirliğini risk altına sokmuştur. Bu riskten korunmak için bireysel emeklilik sitemleri genel kabul gören bir çözüm yolu olarak ortaya çıkmış ve birçok ülke tarafından benimsenmiştir. Günümüze kadar geçen süre içerisinde bireysel emeklilik sistemleri, devasa fonların birikmesi sonucunda alternatif bir emeklilik imkânı sunmanın ötesine geçerek kurumsal yatırımcı kimliği kazanmıştır. Bu açıdan ekonomik bir unsur olarak değerlendirilen özel emeklilik fonları sermaye piyasalarının derinleşmesine çok önemli katkılarda bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’de, idari yapılanma tarafından çeşitli yöntemlerle teşvik edilen Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi ile toplanan katkı payları, emeklilik fonları aracılığı ile yatırıma yönlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, söz konusu katkı paylarının finansal piyasalara olan etkisi kurulan regresyon modelleri ile test edilmiştir. Ulaşılan bulgulara göre, pay piyasalarında anlamlı bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilememiştir. Borç piyasalarında ise toplanan katkı payları ile gösterge faiz arasında negatif katsayılı(ters yönlü) anlamlı bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bu duruma, fonların varlık dağılımlarında borçlanma araçlarına ayrılan payın diğer yatırım araçlarına nazaran yüksek olmasının neden olduğu düşünülmektedir.
The increasing elderly population and rising welfare expectations in the last twenty or thirty years have put the financial sustainability of countries' social security systems at risk. In order to avoid this risk, private pension systems have emerged as a generally accepted solution and have been adopted by many countries. Until today, private pension systems have gone beyond offering an alternative retirement opportunity as a result of the accumulation of huge funds and have gained institutional investor identity. In this respect, private pension funds, which are considered as an economic element, make very important contributions to the deepening of the capital markets. In Turkey, the contributions collected through the Private Pension System, which is encouraged by various methods by the administrative structure, are invested through pension funds. In this study, the effect of these contributions on financial markets was tested with established regression models. According to the findings, a significant causal relationship could not be determined in the stock markets. In debt markets, a significant causality relationship with negative coefficient (inverse direction) was determined between the collected contributions and the benchmark interest. It is thought that this situation is caused by the fact that the share allocated to debt instruments in the asset distribution of funds is higher than other investment instruments.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Finance |
Journal Section | Makaleler |
Authors | |
Early Pub Date | April 28, 2024 |
Publication Date | April 30, 2024 |
Acceptance Date | December 4, 2023 |
Published in Issue | Year 2024 Issue: 67 |
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