Dissertation
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Assestment of Team Cohesion Levels of Students Participating in School Sports by Numerous Variables

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 36 - 46, 27.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.29228/ERISS.44

Abstract

This study examines the cohesion levels of team players who participated in high school sports. This research has
been done with 131 female and 185 male students (a total of 316 students) who participated in high school sports
organizations in Duzce. Their branches were football, volleyball, basketball, and indoor football. “Youth Sport
Environment Questionnaire” is used as a resource in making this research. Descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way
ANOVA, and correlation analysis were used to analyze the research data. According to the findings obtained in
the study, students have high levels of team cohesion. There were significant differences in social subscales of
team cohesion in terms of the gender of students. A significant difference was found in the team cohesiveness
levels of the students according to the sports branch and the tenure of being in the team. In addition, a negative
relationship was found between team success and group cohesion. Considering that this study was conducted only
with students in football, volleyball, basketball, and indoor soccer, it is thought that similar studies in different
branches and age groups will be helpful to support our research.

References

  • Bray, C. D. ve Whaley, D. E. (2001). Team cohesion, effort, and objective individual performance of high school basketball players. The Sport Psychologist, 15(3), 260-275. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.15.3.260
  • Carron, A. V., Brawley, L. R., Widmeyer, W. N. (1998). The measurement of cohesiveness in sport groups. In J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (ss.213-226). Fitness Information Technology.
  • Carron, A. V., Bray, S. R., Eys, M. A. (2002a). Team cohesion and team success in sport. Journal of sports sciences, 20(2), 119-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404102317200828
  • Carron, A.V., Colman, M. M., Wheeler, J. Stevens, D.(2002b). Cohesion and Performance in Sport: A Meta Analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24(2), 168-188. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.24.2.168
  • Carron, A.V., Hausenblas, H.A., Eys, M.A. (2005). Group dynamics in sport (3. baskı). Fitness Information Technology. Fit Publishing.
  • Carron A. V. ve Hausenblas H. A. (1998). Group dynamics in sport (2. baskı), Fitness Information Technology. Fit Publishing.
  • Carron, A.V., Widmeyer, W.N., Brawley, L.R. (1985). The Development of Instrument to Assess Cohesion in Sport Teams: The Group Environment Questionnaire. Journal of Sport Psychology, 7: 244–266.
  • Casey-Campbell, M. ve Martens, M. L. (2009). Sticking it all together: A critical assessment of the group cohesion–performance literature. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(2), 223–246. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2008.00239.x
  • Dorak, F. ve Vurgun, N. (2006). Takım sporları açısından empati ve takım birlikteliği ilişkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 4(2), 73-77. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000060
  • Eys, M. A., Jewitt, E., Evans, M. B., Wolf, S., Bruner, M. W., Loughead, T. M. (2013). Coach-initiated motivational climate and cohesion in youth sport. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 84(3), 373–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2013.814909
  • Eys, M. A., Lougheed, T., Bray, S. R., Carron, A. V. (2009). Development of a cohesion questionnaire for youth: The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire. Kinesiology and Physical Education Faculty Publications, 31, 390-408. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.31.3.390
  • Eys, M., Ohlert, J., Evans, M. B., Wolf, S. A., Martin, L. J., Bussel, M V., Steins, C. (2015) Cohesion and performance for female and male sport teams. The Sport Psychologist, 29(2), 97-109. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2014-0027
  • Festinger, L., Schachter, S., Back, K. (1950). Social pressures in informal groups; a study of human factors in housing. Stanford University Pres.
  • Forsyth, D. R. (2014) Group Dynamics. Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Gill, D. L. (2000) Psychological Dynamics of Sport and Exercise. Human Kinetics.
  • Görgüt, İ., (2017). Hentbolcuların Takım Birlikteliğinin İncelenmesi, Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi; 4(1), 33-43.
  • Heuzé, J. P., Raimbault, N., Fontayne, P. (2006). Relationships between cohesion, collective efficacy and performance in professional basketball teams: An examination of mediating effects. Journal of sports sciences, 24(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500127736
  • Høigaard, R., Säfvenbom, R., and Tønnessen, F. E. (2006). The relationshipbetween group cohesion, group norms, and perceived social loafing in soccerteams. Small Group Res. 37, 217–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496406287311
  • Horn, T., Byrd, M., Martin, E., Young, C. (2012). Perceived motivational climate and team cohesion in adolescent athletes. Sport Science Review, 21(3-4), 25. Javed, S., Naseer, A., Mahdsharif, A.R., Sheraz, M.İ., Ahmad, M. (2015). The relationship study between cohesion and performance of players of Hockey in Pakistan. The Social Studies 1(1):77-92.
  • Kebaili, S., Zanini, N., Arfa, Y. (2015) Impact of Team Cohesion on performance among Tunisian women soccer players. Journal of Sports and Physical Education, 2(5), 15-18.
  • Öcel, H. (2002). Takım sporu yapan oyuncularda kollektif yeterlik öz yeterlik ve sargınlık ile başarı algı ve beklentileri arasındaki ilişkiler. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Hacettepe Üniversitesi]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi. (Tez No: 1135565).
  • Ötkan, C. Ç., Tekkurşun-Demir, G., Halıcı, A. (2017). Examination of group cohesiveness levels and goal orientations of basketball players. SHS Web of Conferences 37(01041). https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20173701041
  • Polat, E., Can, B., Şahin, O. (2019). Takım sporcularında grup sargınlığı ve başarı motivasyonu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(1), 35-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33468/sbsebd.108
  • Ruso, O. (2020) The evaluation of cohesion in the sports groups with Romanian city. Physical Culture and Sport Studies and Research, 85(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2020-0001
  • Sezer, U. (2016) Genç sporcularda takım sargınlığı ve kolektif yeterlik inançlarının incelenmnesi, [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi. (Tez No: 431763).
  • Sezer, U. ve Kocaekşi, S. (2018). Genç Sporcu Takım Sargınlığı Ölçeği’nin (GSTSÖ) Psikometrik Özellikleri: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(3), 105-113. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.345936
  • Tekkurşun-Demir, G., Namlı, S., Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2018). Futbol ve Voleybol Oyuncularının Grup Sargınlığı ve Empati Düzeyi. Social Mantality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 4(13), 846-859. http://dx.doi.org/10.31576/smryj.109
  • Toros, T. (2011) Analysis the differentiation between perceived coaching behaviors, goal orientation, team cohesion, perceived motivational climate ve collective efficacy among the young male basketball players before and after the tournament. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 2(1), 27-39.
  • Weinberg, R. S. ve Gould, D. (2015). Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Human Kinetics.

Okul Sporlarına Katılan Öğrencilerin Takım Sargınlığı Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 36 - 46, 27.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.29228/ERISS.44

Abstract

Bu çalışma ortaöğretim kurumlarında okul spor organizasyonlarına katılan öğrencilerin takım sargınlığı
düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya Düzce ilinde bulunan ortaöğretim kurumlarından
okul spor organizasyonlarına katılan; futbol, voleybol, basketbol ve salon futbolu branşlarında yarışan 131 kız
185 erkek toplamda 316 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırmada “Genç Sporcu Takım Sargınlığı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır.
Verilerinin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, T-testi, tek yönlü ANOVA ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre öğrencilerin takım sargınlığı düzeyleri yüksektir. Öğrencilerin görev
sargınlığı alt boyutunda cinsiyete göre fark görülmezken sosyal sargınlık alt boyutunda erkek öğrencilerin lehine
anlamlı fark tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin takım sargınlığı düzeylerinde branş ve takımda bulunma süresi
değişkenlerine göre anlamlı fark tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca takım başarısı ile sargınlık arasında negatif ilişki tespit
edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmanın sadece futbol, voleybol, basketbol ve salon futbolu branşındaki öğrenciler ile
gerçekleştirildiği göz önüne alındığında farklı branşlar ve yaş gruplarında gerçekleştirilecek çalışmaların
araştırmamızı destekleyecek noktalarda faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Ethical Statement

Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi İnsan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulu’ndan 26/10/2022 tarihli 2022/398 sayısı ile etik onayı alınmıştır.

References

  • Bray, C. D. ve Whaley, D. E. (2001). Team cohesion, effort, and objective individual performance of high school basketball players. The Sport Psychologist, 15(3), 260-275. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.15.3.260
  • Carron, A. V., Brawley, L. R., Widmeyer, W. N. (1998). The measurement of cohesiveness in sport groups. In J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (ss.213-226). Fitness Information Technology.
  • Carron, A. V., Bray, S. R., Eys, M. A. (2002a). Team cohesion and team success in sport. Journal of sports sciences, 20(2), 119-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404102317200828
  • Carron, A.V., Colman, M. M., Wheeler, J. Stevens, D.(2002b). Cohesion and Performance in Sport: A Meta Analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24(2), 168-188. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.24.2.168
  • Carron, A.V., Hausenblas, H.A., Eys, M.A. (2005). Group dynamics in sport (3. baskı). Fitness Information Technology. Fit Publishing.
  • Carron A. V. ve Hausenblas H. A. (1998). Group dynamics in sport (2. baskı), Fitness Information Technology. Fit Publishing.
  • Carron, A.V., Widmeyer, W.N., Brawley, L.R. (1985). The Development of Instrument to Assess Cohesion in Sport Teams: The Group Environment Questionnaire. Journal of Sport Psychology, 7: 244–266.
  • Casey-Campbell, M. ve Martens, M. L. (2009). Sticking it all together: A critical assessment of the group cohesion–performance literature. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(2), 223–246. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2008.00239.x
  • Dorak, F. ve Vurgun, N. (2006). Takım sporları açısından empati ve takım birlikteliği ilişkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 4(2), 73-77. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000060
  • Eys, M. A., Jewitt, E., Evans, M. B., Wolf, S., Bruner, M. W., Loughead, T. M. (2013). Coach-initiated motivational climate and cohesion in youth sport. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 84(3), 373–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2013.814909
  • Eys, M. A., Lougheed, T., Bray, S. R., Carron, A. V. (2009). Development of a cohesion questionnaire for youth: The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire. Kinesiology and Physical Education Faculty Publications, 31, 390-408. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.31.3.390
  • Eys, M., Ohlert, J., Evans, M. B., Wolf, S. A., Martin, L. J., Bussel, M V., Steins, C. (2015) Cohesion and performance for female and male sport teams. The Sport Psychologist, 29(2), 97-109. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2014-0027
  • Festinger, L., Schachter, S., Back, K. (1950). Social pressures in informal groups; a study of human factors in housing. Stanford University Pres.
  • Forsyth, D. R. (2014) Group Dynamics. Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Gill, D. L. (2000) Psychological Dynamics of Sport and Exercise. Human Kinetics.
  • Görgüt, İ., (2017). Hentbolcuların Takım Birlikteliğinin İncelenmesi, Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi; 4(1), 33-43.
  • Heuzé, J. P., Raimbault, N., Fontayne, P. (2006). Relationships between cohesion, collective efficacy and performance in professional basketball teams: An examination of mediating effects. Journal of sports sciences, 24(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500127736
  • Høigaard, R., Säfvenbom, R., and Tønnessen, F. E. (2006). The relationshipbetween group cohesion, group norms, and perceived social loafing in soccerteams. Small Group Res. 37, 217–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496406287311
  • Horn, T., Byrd, M., Martin, E., Young, C. (2012). Perceived motivational climate and team cohesion in adolescent athletes. Sport Science Review, 21(3-4), 25. Javed, S., Naseer, A., Mahdsharif, A.R., Sheraz, M.İ., Ahmad, M. (2015). The relationship study between cohesion and performance of players of Hockey in Pakistan. The Social Studies 1(1):77-92.
  • Kebaili, S., Zanini, N., Arfa, Y. (2015) Impact of Team Cohesion on performance among Tunisian women soccer players. Journal of Sports and Physical Education, 2(5), 15-18.
  • Öcel, H. (2002). Takım sporu yapan oyuncularda kollektif yeterlik öz yeterlik ve sargınlık ile başarı algı ve beklentileri arasındaki ilişkiler. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Hacettepe Üniversitesi]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi. (Tez No: 1135565).
  • Ötkan, C. Ç., Tekkurşun-Demir, G., Halıcı, A. (2017). Examination of group cohesiveness levels and goal orientations of basketball players. SHS Web of Conferences 37(01041). https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20173701041
  • Polat, E., Can, B., Şahin, O. (2019). Takım sporcularında grup sargınlığı ve başarı motivasyonu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(1), 35-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33468/sbsebd.108
  • Ruso, O. (2020) The evaluation of cohesion in the sports groups with Romanian city. Physical Culture and Sport Studies and Research, 85(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2020-0001
  • Sezer, U. (2016) Genç sporcularda takım sargınlığı ve kolektif yeterlik inançlarının incelenmnesi, [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi. (Tez No: 431763).
  • Sezer, U. ve Kocaekşi, S. (2018). Genç Sporcu Takım Sargınlığı Ölçeği’nin (GSTSÖ) Psikometrik Özellikleri: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(3), 105-113. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.345936
  • Tekkurşun-Demir, G., Namlı, S., Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2018). Futbol ve Voleybol Oyuncularının Grup Sargınlığı ve Empati Düzeyi. Social Mantality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 4(13), 846-859. http://dx.doi.org/10.31576/smryj.109
  • Toros, T. (2011) Analysis the differentiation between perceived coaching behaviors, goal orientation, team cohesion, perceived motivational climate ve collective efficacy among the young male basketball players before and after the tournament. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 2(1), 27-39.
  • Weinberg, R. S. ve Gould, D. (2015). Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Human Kinetics.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section 2024 Haziran
Authors

Ayşegül Arslan 0009-0005-7989-7977

Işıl Aktağ 0000-0003-1062-6595

Early Pub Date June 27, 2024
Publication Date June 27, 2024
Submission Date November 27, 2023
Acceptance Date June 12, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Arslan, A., & Aktağ, I. (2024). Okul Sporlarına Katılan Öğrencilerin Takım Sargınlığı Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi. Eurasian Research in Sport Science, 9(1), 36-46. https://doi.org/10.29228/ERISS.44