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The Effects of Interactive Instructional Videos on Achievement, Cognitive Load and Video Engagement

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 198 - 208, 29.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1153842

Abstract

This study examined the effect of interactive videos, created by adding various interactive elements to instructional videos, on learning achievement, cognitive load, and video engagement. The study group of this research, which was carried out using the quasi-experimental method, consisted of 83 secondary school students. In the experimental process, the students carried out the learning process with a course in which interactive videos for the experimental group and non-interactive videos for the control group were broadcast through the learning management system. As a result of the research, both groups improved in terms of academic performance and completed the process with similar development. In terms of cognitive load, similar levels of cognitive load occured in both groups of students learning with interactive and non-interactive videos. Finally, when the videos were assessed in terms of engagement, the only difference between the groups was in terms of attention, in favor of the non-interactive videos. In conclusion, interactive elements added to the videos did not cause cognitive load, they only had a negative effect on the attention dimension.

References

  • Afify, M. K. (2020). Effect of interactive video length within e-learning environments on cognitive load, cognitive achievement and retention of learning. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 21(4), 68-89. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1269656
  • Alpkıray, F. (2019). Etkileşimli video ille öğretimin öğrencilerin dinî ahlak eğitimindeki başarıları üzerine etkisi. Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi.
  • Anthia, P., & George, P. (2016). Interactive video, tablets and self-paced, learning in the classroom: preservice, teachers, perceptions. 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA 2016), 195-202.
  • Baddeley, A. (1992). Working memory. Science, 255(5044), 556-559.
  • Barut Tuğtekin, E. (2020). Çoklu ortamla öğrenmede farklı etiketleme yaklaşımlarının başarı, bilişsel yük ve motivasyona etkisi. Anadolu Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi.
  • Barut Tuğtekin, E., & Dursun, Ö. Ö. (2022). Effect of animated and interactive video variations on learners’ motivation in distance Education. Education and Information Technologies, 27(3), 3247-3276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10735-5
  • Bosse, H. M. (2010). Interactive film scenes for tutor training in problem-based learning (PBL): dealing with difficult situations. BMC Medical Education, 10(52), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-10-52
  • Brame, C. J. (2016). Effective educational videos: principles and guidelines for maximizing student learning from video content. CBE Life Sciences Education, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.16-03-0125
  • Burleson, B. R., & Rack, J. J. (2008). Constructivism theory, explaining individual differences in communication skill. In D. O. Braithwaite, P. Schrodt (Ed.). Engaging theories in interpersonal communication: Multiple perspectives, SAGE Pub.
  • Chandler, P., & Sweller, J. (1991). Cognitive load theory and the format of instruction. Cognition and instruction, 8(4), 293-332.
  • Chen, Y. T. (2012). A study of learning effects on e-learning with interactive thematic video. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 47(3), 279-292. https://doi.org/10.2190/EC.47.3.c
  • Chen, C.‑M., & Wu, C.‑H. (2015). Effects of different video lecture types on sustained attention, emotion, cognitive load, and learning performance. Computers & Education, 80, 108–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.08.015
  • Choi, H. J., & Yang, M. (2011). The effect of problem-based video instruction on student satisfaction, empathy, and learning achievement in the Korean teacher education context. Higher Education, 62(5), 551-561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-010-9403-x
  • Costantini, G. (2019). Empathy in education: the successful teacher. In R.G. Aguilar (Ed.) Empathy: Emotional, ethical and epistemological narratives (pp. 73-81). Brill.
  • Deryakulu, D., Sancar, R., & Ursavaş, Ö. F. (2019). Video kapılma ölçeğinin uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Eğitim Teknolojisi Kuram ve Uygulama, 9(1), 154-168. https://doi.org/10.17943/etku.439097
  • Desai, T. S., & Kulkarni, D. C. (2022). Assessment of Interactive Video to Enhance Learning Experience: A Case Study. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2022/v35is1/22011
  • Devoldre, I., Davis, M. H., Verhofstadt, L. L., & Buysse, A. (2010). Empathy and social support provision in couples: Social support and the need to study the underlying processes. The Journal of psychology, 144(3), 259-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223981003648294
  • Erkoca, M. C. (2021). Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğrenci ilgisi–bir çalışma. Açıköğretim Uygulamaları ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 148-163. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1327698
  • Ermis, K. (2020). Eğitsel videolarla desteklenen harmanlanmış öğretim tasarımının öğretmen adaylarının derse yönelik güdülenmelerine etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi.
  • Ferhangi, A. A., Seferzade, H. ve Khademi, M. (2014). Organizational communication theory. Tahran: Resa Yayınları.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
  • Green, M. C., Brock, T. C., & Kaufman, G. (2004). Understanding media enjoyment: The role of transportation into narrative worlds. Communication Theory, 14, 311–327. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00317.x
  • Greenberg, A. D., & Zanetis, J. (2012). The impact of broadcast and streaming video in education. Cisco: Wainhouse Research, 75(194), 21. https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/solutions/industries/docs/education/ciscovideowp.pdf
  • Gülbahar, Y. (2005). Öğrenme stilleri ve teknoloji. Eğitim ve Bilim 30(138), 10-17. http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/4989/1096
  • Hürriyetoğlu, H. (2019). Gruplar arası tehdit ve empatinin Suriyeli göçmenlere yönelik açık ve örtük tutumlar üzerindeki etkisi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi.
  • Johnson, C. I., & Priest, H. A. (2014). The feedback principle in multimedia learning. In R. E. Mayer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning (pp. 449–463). Cambridge University https://doi:10.1017/CBO9781139547369.023
  • Kılıç Çakmak, E. (2007). Çoklu ortamlarda dar boğaz: Aşırı bilişsel yüklenme. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), 1-24.
  • Kim, S., Phillips, W. R., Pinsky, L., Brock, D., Phillips, K., & Keary, J. (2006). A conceptual framework for developing teaching cases: A review and synthesis of the literature across disciplines. Medical Education, 40(9), 867–876. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02544.x
  • Kirkorian, H. L., Choi, K., Yoo, S. H., & Etta, R. A. (2022). The impact of touchscreen interactivity on US toddlers’ selective attention and learning from digital media. Journal of Children and Media, 16(2), 188-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.1944888
  • Koçdar, S., Karadeniz, A., Bozkurt, A., & Büyük, K. (2017). Açık ve uzaktan öğrenmede sorularla zenginleştirilmiş etkileşimli video kullanımı. Journal of Social Sciences [Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi], 18(2), 93-113.
  • Kuzudişli, H. (2019). Video-içi biçimlendirici değerlendirme ortamında öğrenen- değerlendirme etkileşimlerinin incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi: Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi.
  • Lang, Y., Xie, K., Gong, S., Wang, Y., & Cao, Y. (2022). The Impact of Emotional Feedback and Elaborated Feedback of a Pedagogical Agent on Multimedia Learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. 810194 https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2022.810194
  • Mayer, R. E. (2019). How multimedia can improve learning and instruction. In J. Dunlosky & K. A. Rawson (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of cognition and education (460–479). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108235631.019
  • Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (2002). Animation as an aid to multimedia learning. Educational psychology review, 14(1), 87-99.
  • Monserrat, T. J. K. P., Li, Y., Zhao, S., & Cao, X. (2014, April). L. IVE: an integrated interactive video-based learning environment. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 3399-3402).
  • Monserrat, T. J. K. P., Li, Y., Zhao, S., & Cao, X. (2014, April). L. IVE: an integrated interactive video-based learning environment. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 3399-3402).
  • Muratalan, T. (2011). Tarih öğretmenlerinin tarihî filmlerden yararlanırken karşılaştıkları sorunlar. Marmara Üniversitesi: Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Mutlu-Bayraktar, D., Cosgun, V., & Altan, T. (2019). Cognitive load in multimedia learning environments: A systematic review. Computers & Education, 141, Article e103618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103618
  • Paas, F. G., & Van Merriënboer, J. J. (1993). The efficiency of instructional conditions: An approach to combine mental effort and performance measures. Human Factors, 35(4), 737-743. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F001872089303500412
  • Paas, F., & Van Merriënboer, J. J. G. (1994). Instructional control of cognitive load in the training of complex cognitive tasks. Educational Psychology Review, 6(4), 351–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02213420
  • Pekdağ, B. (2010). Kimya öğreniminde alternatif yollar: animasyon, simülasyon, video ve multimedya ile öğrenme. Türk Fen Eğitimi Dergisi, 7(2), 79-110.
  • Plass, J. L., & Kaplan, U. (2016). Emotional design in digital media for learning. In Emotions, technology, design, and learning (pp. 131-161). Academic Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/B978-0-12-801856-9.00007-4
  • Qu, M. (2022, June). The study on tik tok interactive modes and future interactive video strategy development. In 2022 8th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2022) (pp. 1746-1750). Atlantis Press. https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220504.316
  • Sakman, S. (2020). Medya tasarımı bağlamında dijital içerikli ve etkileşimli ders kaynağı tasarımı. Gazi Üniversitesi: Sanatta yeterlik tezi.
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Etkileşimli Öğretimsel Videoların Başarı, Bilişsel Yük ve Video Kapılma Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 198 - 208, 29.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1153842

Abstract

Bu çalışmada öğretimsel videolara çeşitli etkileşim ögeleri eklenerek oluşturulan etkileşimli videoların başarı, bilişsel yük ve video kapılma üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Yarı deneysel yöntem kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu bir ortaokulun 83 öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Öğrenciler bir öğrenme yönetim sistemi üzerinden deney grubu için etkileşimli ve kontrol grubu için etkileşimsiz videoların yayınlandığı bir ders ile altı haftalık deneysel sürece katılmışlardır. Araştırma sonucunda, başarı açısından her iki grubun da anlamlı bir şekilde gelişim gösterdiği ancak gruplar arasında bir farklılığın olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bilişsel yük açısından, etkileşimli ve etkileşimsiz videolarla öğrenen her iki öğrenci grubunda da benzer düzeyde bilişsel yüklenmenin gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Son olarak video kapılma açısından değerlendirildiğinde gruplar arasında sadece dikkat boyutunda etkileşimsiz videolar lehine bir sonuç elde edilmiştir. Özetle videolardaki etkileşim ögelerinin ekstra bilişsel yük oluşturmadığı, dikkat boyutunda olumsuz bir etkisinin olabileceği söylenebilir.

References

  • Afify, M. K. (2020). Effect of interactive video length within e-learning environments on cognitive load, cognitive achievement and retention of learning. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 21(4), 68-89. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1269656
  • Alpkıray, F. (2019). Etkileşimli video ille öğretimin öğrencilerin dinî ahlak eğitimindeki başarıları üzerine etkisi. Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi.
  • Anthia, P., & George, P. (2016). Interactive video, tablets and self-paced, learning in the classroom: preservice, teachers, perceptions. 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA 2016), 195-202.
  • Baddeley, A. (1992). Working memory. Science, 255(5044), 556-559.
  • Barut Tuğtekin, E. (2020). Çoklu ortamla öğrenmede farklı etiketleme yaklaşımlarının başarı, bilişsel yük ve motivasyona etkisi. Anadolu Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi.
  • Barut Tuğtekin, E., & Dursun, Ö. Ö. (2022). Effect of animated and interactive video variations on learners’ motivation in distance Education. Education and Information Technologies, 27(3), 3247-3276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10735-5
  • Bosse, H. M. (2010). Interactive film scenes for tutor training in problem-based learning (PBL): dealing with difficult situations. BMC Medical Education, 10(52), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-10-52
  • Brame, C. J. (2016). Effective educational videos: principles and guidelines for maximizing student learning from video content. CBE Life Sciences Education, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.16-03-0125
  • Burleson, B. R., & Rack, J. J. (2008). Constructivism theory, explaining individual differences in communication skill. In D. O. Braithwaite, P. Schrodt (Ed.). Engaging theories in interpersonal communication: Multiple perspectives, SAGE Pub.
  • Chandler, P., & Sweller, J. (1991). Cognitive load theory and the format of instruction. Cognition and instruction, 8(4), 293-332.
  • Chen, Y. T. (2012). A study of learning effects on e-learning with interactive thematic video. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 47(3), 279-292. https://doi.org/10.2190/EC.47.3.c
  • Chen, C.‑M., & Wu, C.‑H. (2015). Effects of different video lecture types on sustained attention, emotion, cognitive load, and learning performance. Computers & Education, 80, 108–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.08.015
  • Choi, H. J., & Yang, M. (2011). The effect of problem-based video instruction on student satisfaction, empathy, and learning achievement in the Korean teacher education context. Higher Education, 62(5), 551-561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-010-9403-x
  • Costantini, G. (2019). Empathy in education: the successful teacher. In R.G. Aguilar (Ed.) Empathy: Emotional, ethical and epistemological narratives (pp. 73-81). Brill.
  • Deryakulu, D., Sancar, R., & Ursavaş, Ö. F. (2019). Video kapılma ölçeğinin uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Eğitim Teknolojisi Kuram ve Uygulama, 9(1), 154-168. https://doi.org/10.17943/etku.439097
  • Desai, T. S., & Kulkarni, D. C. (2022). Assessment of Interactive Video to Enhance Learning Experience: A Case Study. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2022/v35is1/22011
  • Devoldre, I., Davis, M. H., Verhofstadt, L. L., & Buysse, A. (2010). Empathy and social support provision in couples: Social support and the need to study the underlying processes. The Journal of psychology, 144(3), 259-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223981003648294
  • Erkoca, M. C. (2021). Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğrenci ilgisi–bir çalışma. Açıköğretim Uygulamaları ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 148-163. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1327698
  • Ermis, K. (2020). Eğitsel videolarla desteklenen harmanlanmış öğretim tasarımının öğretmen adaylarının derse yönelik güdülenmelerine etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi.
  • Ferhangi, A. A., Seferzade, H. ve Khademi, M. (2014). Organizational communication theory. Tahran: Resa Yayınları.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
  • Green, M. C., Brock, T. C., & Kaufman, G. (2004). Understanding media enjoyment: The role of transportation into narrative worlds. Communication Theory, 14, 311–327. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00317.x
  • Greenberg, A. D., & Zanetis, J. (2012). The impact of broadcast and streaming video in education. Cisco: Wainhouse Research, 75(194), 21. https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/solutions/industries/docs/education/ciscovideowp.pdf
  • Gülbahar, Y. (2005). Öğrenme stilleri ve teknoloji. Eğitim ve Bilim 30(138), 10-17. http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/4989/1096
  • Hürriyetoğlu, H. (2019). Gruplar arası tehdit ve empatinin Suriyeli göçmenlere yönelik açık ve örtük tutumlar üzerindeki etkisi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi: Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi.
  • Johnson, C. I., & Priest, H. A. (2014). The feedback principle in multimedia learning. In R. E. Mayer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning (pp. 449–463). Cambridge University https://doi:10.1017/CBO9781139547369.023
  • Kılıç Çakmak, E. (2007). Çoklu ortamlarda dar boğaz: Aşırı bilişsel yüklenme. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), 1-24.
  • Kim, S., Phillips, W. R., Pinsky, L., Brock, D., Phillips, K., & Keary, J. (2006). A conceptual framework for developing teaching cases: A review and synthesis of the literature across disciplines. Medical Education, 40(9), 867–876. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02544.x
  • Kirkorian, H. L., Choi, K., Yoo, S. H., & Etta, R. A. (2022). The impact of touchscreen interactivity on US toddlers’ selective attention and learning from digital media. Journal of Children and Media, 16(2), 188-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2021.1944888
  • Koçdar, S., Karadeniz, A., Bozkurt, A., & Büyük, K. (2017). Açık ve uzaktan öğrenmede sorularla zenginleştirilmiş etkileşimli video kullanımı. Journal of Social Sciences [Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi], 18(2), 93-113.
  • Kuzudişli, H. (2019). Video-içi biçimlendirici değerlendirme ortamında öğrenen- değerlendirme etkileşimlerinin incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi: Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi.
  • Lang, Y., Xie, K., Gong, S., Wang, Y., & Cao, Y. (2022). The Impact of Emotional Feedback and Elaborated Feedback of a Pedagogical Agent on Multimedia Learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. 810194 https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2022.810194
  • Mayer, R. E. (2019). How multimedia can improve learning and instruction. In J. Dunlosky & K. A. Rawson (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of cognition and education (460–479). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108235631.019
  • Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (2002). Animation as an aid to multimedia learning. Educational psychology review, 14(1), 87-99.
  • Monserrat, T. J. K. P., Li, Y., Zhao, S., & Cao, X. (2014, April). L. IVE: an integrated interactive video-based learning environment. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 3399-3402).
  • Monserrat, T. J. K. P., Li, Y., Zhao, S., & Cao, X. (2014, April). L. IVE: an integrated interactive video-based learning environment. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 3399-3402).
  • Muratalan, T. (2011). Tarih öğretmenlerinin tarihî filmlerden yararlanırken karşılaştıkları sorunlar. Marmara Üniversitesi: Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Mutlu-Bayraktar, D., Cosgun, V., & Altan, T. (2019). Cognitive load in multimedia learning environments: A systematic review. Computers & Education, 141, Article e103618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103618
  • Paas, F. G., & Van Merriënboer, J. J. (1993). The efficiency of instructional conditions: An approach to combine mental effort and performance measures. Human Factors, 35(4), 737-743. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F001872089303500412
  • Paas, F., & Van Merriënboer, J. J. G. (1994). Instructional control of cognitive load in the training of complex cognitive tasks. Educational Psychology Review, 6(4), 351–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02213420
  • Pekdağ, B. (2010). Kimya öğreniminde alternatif yollar: animasyon, simülasyon, video ve multimedya ile öğrenme. Türk Fen Eğitimi Dergisi, 7(2), 79-110.
  • Plass, J. L., & Kaplan, U. (2016). Emotional design in digital media for learning. In Emotions, technology, design, and learning (pp. 131-161). Academic Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/B978-0-12-801856-9.00007-4
  • Qu, M. (2022, June). The study on tik tok interactive modes and future interactive video strategy development. In 2022 8th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2022) (pp. 1746-1750). Atlantis Press. https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220504.316
  • Sakman, S. (2020). Medya tasarımı bağlamında dijital içerikli ve etkileşimli ders kaynağı tasarımı. Gazi Üniversitesi: Sanatta yeterlik tezi.
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There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section In This Issue
Authors

Salman Akan 0000-0002-8827-9813

Sinan Keskin 0000-0003-0483-3897

Early Pub Date June 14, 2023
Publication Date June 29, 2023
Acceptance Date January 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 25 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akan, S., & Keskin, S. (2023). Etkileşimli Öğretimsel Videoların Başarı, Bilişsel Yük ve Video Kapılma Üzerine Etkisi. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(2), 198-208. https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1153842