SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASI BALKANLAR’DA UYUŞMAZLIĞIN YENİ FORMU: RUSYA’NIN TRANSATLANTİK BAĞLANTILARA KARŞI GİRİŞİMLERİ

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 74, 797 - 811, 01.04.2020

Efe Sıvış

Abstract

Balkanlar'da 1990'lı yıllarda kan dökülmesine neden olan ve
sayısız insanı göçe zorlanmasına yol açan çatışmaların ardından Balkan ülkeleri
kendileri adına daha parlak bir gelecek ve teşvik edici reformlar için AB ve
NATO'ya katılım vizyonuyla öne çıkmışlardır. ABD ve AB, Balkan ülkelerini
istikrarlı bir Avrupa kurma konusunda desteklemeye devam ederken, iç güvenlik
açıkları, Batı Balkan ülkelerinin vatandaşlarını AB ve NATO’dan uzaklaştırmayı
hedefleyen dış etkenlere karşı duyarlı kılmaktadır. Bu makale, Rusya’yı dış
aktör olarak kabul ederek Batı Balkan ülkelerinin NATO ve AB vizyonlarına
odaklanmaktadır. Makale, neoliberal kurumsalcı teoriden yola çıkarak, Rusya’nın
NATO’nun ve AB’nin bölgedeki genişlemesini önleme girişimlerinin, bu ülkelerin
Avrupa ve Transatlantik entegrasyon yörüngesinden uzaklaşmasına yol açmadığını öne
sürmektedir. Çalışmada ülkelerin iç siyasi mücadelelerini inceleyen ve NATO'nun
kurumsallaşma sürecindeki dış etkilere odaklanan, Sırbistan, Karadağ ve Makedonya
olmak suretiyle üç vaka incelemesiyle geniş bir jeopolitik çerçeve sunulmaktadır.  

Keywords

Batı Balkan Ülkeleri, NATO, Neo-Liberal Kurumsalcılık, Avrupa-Atlantik Entegrasyonu, Uluslararası İşbirliği

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