Evaluation of hawthorn genotypes growing naturally in Malatya (Türkiye) in terms of some morphological characteristics

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 20 - 29

Hasan Pinar , Akgül Taş , Erdal Döndaş

https://doi.org/10.55257/ethabd.1612826

Abstract

In this study, some morphological characteristics of hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) genotypes growing naturally in Doğanşehir district of Malatya province, Türkiye in 2024 were determined. When the ‘thorniness’ parameter of the genotypes was examined from the observations made according to UPOV criteria, it was observed that all genotypes except for only one genotype (44AL07) out of 33 available genotypes had spiny characteristics. When the ‘thorn size’ parameter was evaluated, it was seen that 22 genotypes were ‘short-spined (%67)’. The genotypes were classified as ‘many’, ‘medium’ and ‘few’ spine number in terms of spine number and it was determined that most of the genotypes (18 genotypes) had ‘many’ spine number. When the habitus (growth type) parameter was evaluated, it was seen that 24 out of 33 genotypes were ‘semi-shrub (%73)’. From morphological observations, it was observed that genotypes had ‘short’, ‘medium’ and ‘long’ shaped tree sizes in terms of tree size. In terms of leaf traits; leaf width, leaf length and petiole length were determined between 12.13 mm (44AL14)-33.70 mm (44AL12), 13.63 mm (44AL07)-51.60 mm (44AL31) and 3.97 mm (44AL07)-60.97 mm (44AL10), respectively. From the parameters defined by principal component analysis, it was determined that thorniness, thorn size, leaf width, petiole length and leaf length values were parallel to each other. Similarly, it was determined that tree size and habitus values were parallel to each other, but the thorn number value had a negative relationship with these values. From the parameters defined by heat mapping analysis, genotypes were divided into four different clusters in total. Accordingly, the first group 44AL07 genotype showed distant characteristics in terms of agro-morphological characteristics from all other genotypes and formed a separate cluster. Genotypes showing similar characteristics in terms of morphological characteristics formed three different groups and 44AL07 genotype separated from these three groups and formed a separate cluster. As a result of the study, it is thought that morphologically promising genotypes can be evaluated as breeding material in functional hawthorn production.

Keywords

Howtorn, geotypes, morphological

Project Number

FYL-2023-13325

Malatya’da (Türkiye) Doğal Olarak Yetişen Alıç Genotiplerinin Bazı Morfolojik Özellikler Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 2024 yılında Türkiye'nin Malatya ili Doğanşehir ilçesinde doğal olarak yetişen alıç (Crataegus spp.) genotiplerinin bazı morfolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. UPOV kriterlerine göre yapılan gözlemlerden genotiplerin ‘dikenlilik’ parametresi incelendiğinde, mevcut 33 genotipten sadece bir genotip (44AL07) dışında tüm genotiplerin dikenli özellikte oldukları gözlenmiştir. Diken büyüklüğü’ parametresi değerlendirildiğinde, 22 genotipin ‘kısa dikenli (%67)’ oldukları görülmüştür. Genotipler diken sayısı bakımından ‘birçok’, ‘orta’ ve ‘az’ diken sayısı olarak sınıflandırılmış ve genotiplerin çoğunun (18 genotip) ‘birçok’ diken sayısına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Habitus (büyüme tipi) parametresi değerlendirildiğinde, 33 genotipten 24’nün, ‘yarı çalı (%73)’ oldukları görülmüştür. Morfolojik gözlemlerden ağaç büyüklüğü bakımından genotiplerin, ‘kısa’, ‘orta’ ve ‘uzun’ şekilli ağaç büyüklüğüne sahip oldukları gözlenmiştir. Yaprak özellikleri açısından; yaprak eni, yaprak boyu ve yaprak sapı uzunluğu, sırasıyla, 12.13 mm (44AL14)-33.70 mm (44AL12), 13.63 mm (44AL07)-51.60 mm (44AL31) ve 3.97 mm (44AL07)-60.97 mm (44AL10) arasında tespit edilmiştir. Temek bileşen analizi ile tanımlanan parametrelerden, dikenlilik, diken büyüklüğü, yaprak eni, yaprak sap uzunluğu, yaprak boyu değerlerinin birbirleriyle paralellik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, ağaç büyüklüğü ve habitus değerlerinin birbirleriyle paralellik gösterdiği ancak diken sayısı değerinin bu değerlerle negatif yönlü bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Isı haritalama analizi ile tanımlanan parametrelerden, genotipler toplamda dört farklı kümeye ayrılmıştır. Buna göre, birinci grup 44AL07 genotipi diğer tüm genotiplerden agro morfolojik özellikler açısından farklı uzak özellikler göstermiş ve ayrı bir küme oluşturmuştur. Morfolojik özellikler bakımından benzer özellikler gösteren genotipler ise farklı üç grup oluşturmuştur ve 44AL07 genotipi ise bu üç gruptan ayrılarak ayrı bir küme oluşturmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda, morfolojik açıdan ümitvar genotiplerin fonksiyonel alıç üretiminde ıslah materyali olarak değerlendirilebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Alıç, morfoloji, genotip

Supporting Institution

Erciyes Üniversitesi BAP Birimi

Project Number

FYL-2023-13325

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