RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER

Nazire Nurdan Çakır; Sezer Demirbuğa

doi:10.34108/eujhs.368759

Review

RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER

Year 2019, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 188 - 193, 30.12.2019

Nazire Nurdan Çakır , Sezer Demirbuğa

https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.368759

Abstract

Günümüzde
kompozit rezinler restore edilecek dişlerde diş hekimleri tarafından en sık
tercih edilen materyaldir. Kompozit rezinler kaviteye her biri ayrı ayrı
polimerize edilen tabakalar halinde (inkremental teknik) yerleştirilir. İnkremental tekniğin
tabakalar arasında kontaminasyon riski, bağlanma hataları, tekniğin
uygulanması sırasında uzun zaman gerektirmesi gibi dezavantajları mevcuttur.
Üreticiler inkremental tekniğin bu dezavantajlarının önüne geçebilmek
için 4-5 mm kalınlığa kadar tek tabakada polimerize edilebilen ‘bulk fill
kompozitleri’ piyasaya sürmüşlerdir.

Bulk
fill kompozitler akışkan (base) ve restoratif (pasta) şeklinde bulk fill
kompozitler olarak iki şekilde kategorize edilmiştir. Akışkan bulk fill
kompozitler dar, 4 mm’ yi aşan derinlikte ulaşılması zor kavitelerde
kullanılırken, daha büyük ve geniş kavitelerde restoratif bulk fill kompozitler
tercih edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bulk fill kompozit rezinler bu gibi
kavitelerde tek seferde ve kısa sürede uygulanabilmesi ile klinisyenlere
kullanım kolaylığı sunmaktadır ve diş hekimleri tarafından rutin klinik
kullanım için hızlıca kabul edilebilir hale gelmektedir.

Bu derlemede
bulk fill kompozitler araştırılmış ve geleneksel kompozitlerden farkı
açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Bulk fill kompozit rezin, geleneksel kompozit rezin, inkremental teknik, polimerizasyon büzülmesi, polimerizasyon derinliği

References

1. Rees JS, Jagger DC, Williams DR, et al. A reappraisal of the incremental packing technique for light cured composite resins. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31:81-4.
2. Tjan AH, Bergh BH, Lidner C. Effect of various incremental techniques on the marginal adaptation of class II composite resin restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1992; 67:62-6.
3. Moore BK, Platt JA, Borges G, et al. Depth of cure of dental resin composites: ISO 4049 depth and microhardness of types of materials and shades. Oper Dent 2008; 33:408-12.
4. Lee MR, Cho BH, Son HH, et al. Influence of cavity dimension and restoration methods on the cusp deflection of premolars in composite restoration. Dent Mater 2007; 23:288-95.
5. Kwon Y, Ferracane J, Lee IB. Effect of layering methods, composite type, and flowable liner on the polymerization shrinkage stress of light cured composites. Dent Mater 2012; 28:801-9.
6. Mahmoud SH, Ali AK, Hegazi HA. A three-year prospective randomized study of silorane- and methacrylate-based composite restorative systems in class II restorations. J Adhes Dent 2014; 16:285-92.
7. Schmidt M, Dige I, Kirkevang LL, et al. Five-year evaluation of a low-shrinkage Silorane resin composite material: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19:245-51.
8. Goracci C, Cadenaro M, Fontanive L, et al. Polymerization efficiency and flexural strength of low-stress restorative composites. Dent Mater 2014; 30:688-94.
9. Hamano N, Ino S, Fukuyama T, et al. Repair of silorane-based composites: microtensile bond strength of silorane-based composites repaired with methacrylate-based composites. Dent Mater J 2013; 32:695-701.
10. Baur V, Ilie N. Repair of dental resin-based composites. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 17:601-8.
11. Alrahlah A, Silikas N, Watts DC. Post-cure depth of cure of bulk fill dental resin-composites. Dent Mater 2014; 30:149-54.
12. Li X, Pongprueksa P, Van Meerbeek B, et al. Curing profile of bulk-fill resin-based composites. J Dent 2015; 43:664-72.
13. Leprince JG, Palin WM, Vanacker J, et al. Physico-mechanical characteristics of commercially available bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014; 42:993-1000.
14. Tomaszewska IM, Kearns JO, Ilie N, et al. Bulk fill restoratives: to cap or not to cap--that is the question? J Dent 2015; 43:309-16.
15. Al-Ahdal K, Silikas N, Watts DC. Rheological properties of resin composites according to variations in composition and temperature. Dent Mater 2014; 30:517-24.
16. Garoushi S, Mangoush E, Vallittu M, et al. Short fiber reinforced composite: a new alternative for direct onlay restorations. Open Dent J 2013;7:181-5.
17. Garoushi S, Sailynoja E, Vallittu PK, et al. Physical properties and depth of cure of a new short fiber reinforced composite. Dent Mater 2013; 29:835-41.
18. Manhart J, Chen H, Hamm G, et al. Buonocore Memorial Lecture. Review of the clinical survival of direct and indirect restorations in posterior teeth of the permanent dentition. Oper Dent 2004; 29:481-508.
19. Opdam NJ, van de Sande FH, Bronkhorst E, et al. Longevity of posterior composite restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res 2014; 93:943-9.
20. Moszner N, Fischer UK, Ganster B, et al. Benzoyl germanium derivatives as novel visible light photoinitiators for dental materials. Dent Mater 2008; 24:901-7.
21. Bucuta S, Ilie N. Light transmittance and micro-mechanical properties of bulk fill vs. conventional resin based composites. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 18:1991-2000.
22. Arikawa H, Kanie T, Fujii K, et al. Effect of filler properties in composite resins on light transmittance characteristics and color. Dent Mater J 2007; 26:38-44.
23. Ilie N, Bucuta S, Draenert M. Bulk-fill resin-based composites: an in vitro assessment of their mechanical performance. Oper Dent 2013; 38:618-25.
24. Ilie N, Kessler A, Durner J. Influence of various irradiation processes on the mechanical properties and polymerisation kinetics of bulk-fill resin based composites. J Dent 2013; 41:695-702.
25. Flury S, Hayoz S, Peutzfeldt A, et al. Depth of cure of resin composites: is the ISO 4049 method suitable for bulk fill materials? Dent Mater 2012; 28:521-8.
26. Leprince JG, Leveque P, Nysten B, et al. New insight into the "depth of cure" of dimethacrylate-based dental composites. Dent Mater 2012; 28:512-20.
27. Czasch P, Ilie N. In vitro comparison of mechanical properties and degree of cure of bulk fill composites. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 17:227-35.
28. Bouschlicher MR, Rueggeberg FA, Wilson BM. Correlation of bottom-to-top surface microhardness and conversion ratios for a variety of resin composite compositions. Oper Dent 2004; 29:698-704.
29. Par M, Gamulin O, Marovic D, et al. Raman spectroscopic assessment of degree of conversion of bulk-fill resin composites--changes at 24 hours post cure. Oper Dent 2015; 40:E92-101.
30. Tarle Z, Attin T, Marovic D, et al. Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19:831-40.
31. Ilie N, Fleming GJ. In vitro comparison of polymerisation kinetics and the micro-mechanical properties of low and high viscosity giomers and RBC materials. J Dent. 2015; 43:814-22.
32. Garcia D, Yaman P, Dennison J, et al. Polymerization shrinkage and depth of cure of bulk fill flowable composite resins. Oper Dent 2014; 39:441-8.
33. Jang JH, Park SH, Hwang IN. Polymerization shrinkage and depth of cure of bulk-fill resin composites and highly filled flowable resin. Oper Dent 2015; 40:172-80.
34. Lassila LV, Nagas E, Vallittu PK, et al. Translucency of flowable bulk-filling composites of various thicknesses. Chin J Dent Res 2012; 15:31-5.
35. Dennison JB, Yaman P, Seir R, et al. Effect of variable light intensity on composite shrinkage. J Prosthet Dent 2000; 84:499-505.
36. Tarle Z, Meniga A, Ristic M, et al. The effect of the photopolymerization method on the quality of composite resin samples. J Oral Rehabil 1998; 25:436-42.
37. Unterbrink GL, Liebenberg WH. Flowable resin composites as "filled adhesives": literature review and clinical recommendations. Quintessence Int 1999; 30:249-57.
38. Ferracane JL. Resin-based composite performance: are there some things we can't predict? Dent Mater 2013; 29:51-8.
39. Benetti AR, Havndrup-Pedersen C, Honore D, et al. Bulk-fill resin composites: polymerization contraction, depth of cure, and gap formation. Oper Dent 2015; 40:190-200.
40. Asmussen E, Peutzfeldt A. Influence of UEDMA BisGMA and TEGDMA on selected mechanical properties of experimental resin composites. Dent Mater 1998; 14:51-6.
41. Sideridou I, Tserki V, Papanastasiou G. Effect of chemical structure on degree of conversion in light-cured dimethacrylate-based dental resins. Biomaterials 2002; 23:1819-29.
42. Ilie N, Hickel R. Investigations on a methacrylate-based flowable composite based on the SDR technology. Dent Mater 2011; 27:348-55.
43. Rullmann I, Schattenberg A, Marx M, et al. Photoelastic determination of polymerization shrinkage stress in low-shrinkage resin composites. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 2012; 122:294-9.
44. Braga RR, Ferracane JL. Alternatives in polymerization contraction stress management. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2004; 15:176-84.
45. Ferracane JL. Buonocore Lecture. Placing dental composites--a stressful experience. Oper Dent 2008; 33:247-57.
46. Schneider LF, Cavalcante LM, Silikas N. Shrinkage Stresses Generated during Resin-Composite Applications: A Review. J Dent Biomech 2010.
47. Kim RJ, Kim YJ, Choi NS, et al. Polymerization shrinkage, modulus, and shrinkage stress related to tooth-restoration interfacial debonding in bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2015; 43:430-9.
48. Davidson CL, de Gee AJ, Feilzer A. The competition between the composite-dentin bond strength and the polymerization contraction stress. J Dent Res 1984; 63:1396-9.
49. Bicalho AA, Pereira RD, Zanatta RF, et al. Incremental filling technique and composite material--part I: cuspal deformation, bond strength, and physical properties. Oper Dent 2014; 39:E71-82.
50. El-Damanhoury H, Platt J. Polymerization shrinkage stress kinetics and related properties of bulk-fill resin composites. Oper Dent 2014; 39:374-82.
51. Moorthy A, Hogg CH, Dowling AH, et al. Cuspal deflection and microleakage in premolar teeth restored with bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite base materials. J Dent 2012; 40:500-5.
52. Ferracane JL, Mitchem JC. Relationship between composite contraction stress and leakage in Class V cavities. Am J Dent 2003; 16:239-43.
53. Roggendorf MJ, Kramer N, Appelt A, et al. Marginal quality of flowable 4-mm base vs. conventionally layered resin composite. J Dent 2011; 39:643-7.
54. Scotti N, Comba A, Gambino A, et al. Microleakage at enamel and dentin margins with a bulk fills flowable resin. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:1-8.
55. Furness A, Tadros MY, Looney SW, et al. Effect of bulk/incremental fill on internal gap formation of bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014; 42:439-49.
56. Nazari A, Sadr A, Shimada Y, et al. 3D assessment of void and gap formation in flowable resin composites using optical coherence tomography. J Adhes Dent 2013; 15:237-43.
57. Nazari A, Sadr A, Saghiri MA, et al. Non-destructive characterization of voids in six flowable composites using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Dent Mater 2013; 29:278-86.
58. Agarwal RS, Hiremath H, Agarwal J, et al. Evaluation of cervical marginal and internal adaptation using newer bulk fill composites: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:56-61.
59. Poggio C, Chiesa M, Scribante A, et al. Microleakage in Class II composite restorations with margins below the CEJ: in vitro evaluation of different restorative techniques. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e793-8.
60. Campos EA, Ardu S, Lefever D, et al. Marginal adaptation of class II cavities restored with bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014; 42:575-81.
61. Flury S, Peutzfeldt A, Lussi A. Influence of increment thickness on microhardness and dentin bond strength of bulk fill resin composites. Dent Mater 2014; 30:1104-12.
62. Van Ende A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL, et al. Bulk-filling of high C-factor posterior cavities: effect on adhesion to cavity-bottom dentin. Dent Mater 2013; 29:269-77.
63. Ilie N, Schoner C, Bucher K, et al. An in-vitro assessment of the shear bond strength of bulk-fill resin composites to permanent and deciduous teeth. J Dent 2014; 42:850-5.
64. Juloski J, Carrabba M, Aragoneses JM, et al. Microleakage of Class II restorations and microtensile bond strength to dentin of low-shrinkage composites. Am J Dent 2013; 26:271-7.
65. Manhart J, Chen HY, Neuerer P, et al. Clinical performance of the posterior composite QuiXfil after 3, 6, and 18 months in Class 1 and 2 cavities. Quintessence Int 2008; 39:757-65.
66. Manhart J, Chen HY, Hickel R. Three-year results of a randomized controlled clinical trial of the posterior composite QuiXfil in class I and II cavities. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 13:301-7.
67. Manhart J, Chen HY, Hickel R. Clinical evaluation of the posterior composite Quixfil in class I and II cavities: 4-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. J Adhes Dent 2010; 12:237-43.
68. Dogan D, Ercan E, Hamidi MM, et al. One-year clinical evaluation of Quixfil and Gradia Direct composite restorative materials in posterior teeth. J Mich Dent Assoc 2013; 95:36-41, 71.
69. Colak H, Tokay U, Uzgur R, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of one nano-hybrid and one high-viscosity bulk-fill composite restorative systems in class II cavities: 12 months results. Niger J Clin Pract 2017; 20:822-31.
70. Celik C, Arhun N, Yamanel K. Clinical evaluation of resin-based composites in posterior restorations: 12-month results. Eur J Dent 2010; 4:57-65.
71. Arhun N, Celik C, Yamanel K. Clinical evaluation of resin-based composites in posterior restorations: two-year results. Oper Dent 2010; 35:397-404.
72. Celik C, Arhun N, Yamanel K. Clinical evaluation of resin-based composites in posterior restorations: a 3-year study. Med Princ Pract 2014; 23:453-9.
73. van Dijken JW, Pallesen U. Randomized 3-year clinical evaluation of Class I and II posterior resin restorations placed with a bulk-fill resin composite and a one-step self-etching adhesive. J Adhes Dent 2015; 17:81-8.
74. van Dijken JWV, Pallesen U. Bulk-filled posterior resin restorations based on stress-decreasing resin technology: a randomized, controlled 6-year evaluation. Eur J Oral Sci 2017; 125:303-9.

Year 2019, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 188 - 193, 30.12.2019

Nazire Nurdan Çakır , Sezer Demirbuğa

https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.368759

Abstract

References

1. Rees JS, Jagger DC, Williams DR, et al. A reappraisal of the incremental packing technique for light cured composite resins. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31:81-4.
2. Tjan AH, Bergh BH, Lidner C. Effect of various incremental techniques on the marginal adaptation of class II composite resin restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1992; 67:62-6.
3. Moore BK, Platt JA, Borges G, et al. Depth of cure of dental resin composites: ISO 4049 depth and microhardness of types of materials and shades. Oper Dent 2008; 33:408-12.
4. Lee MR, Cho BH, Son HH, et al. Influence of cavity dimension and restoration methods on the cusp deflection of premolars in composite restoration. Dent Mater 2007; 23:288-95.
5. Kwon Y, Ferracane J, Lee IB. Effect of layering methods, composite type, and flowable liner on the polymerization shrinkage stress of light cured composites. Dent Mater 2012; 28:801-9.
6. Mahmoud SH, Ali AK, Hegazi HA. A three-year prospective randomized study of silorane- and methacrylate-based composite restorative systems in class II restorations. J Adhes Dent 2014; 16:285-92.
7. Schmidt M, Dige I, Kirkevang LL, et al. Five-year evaluation of a low-shrinkage Silorane resin composite material: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19:245-51.
8. Goracci C, Cadenaro M, Fontanive L, et al. Polymerization efficiency and flexural strength of low-stress restorative composites. Dent Mater 2014; 30:688-94.
9. Hamano N, Ino S, Fukuyama T, et al. Repair of silorane-based composites: microtensile bond strength of silorane-based composites repaired with methacrylate-based composites. Dent Mater J 2013; 32:695-701.
10. Baur V, Ilie N. Repair of dental resin-based composites. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 17:601-8.
11. Alrahlah A, Silikas N, Watts DC. Post-cure depth of cure of bulk fill dental resin-composites. Dent Mater 2014; 30:149-54.
12. Li X, Pongprueksa P, Van Meerbeek B, et al. Curing profile of bulk-fill resin-based composites. J Dent 2015; 43:664-72.
13. Leprince JG, Palin WM, Vanacker J, et al. Physico-mechanical characteristics of commercially available bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014; 42:993-1000.
14. Tomaszewska IM, Kearns JO, Ilie N, et al. Bulk fill restoratives: to cap or not to cap--that is the question? J Dent 2015; 43:309-16.
15. Al-Ahdal K, Silikas N, Watts DC. Rheological properties of resin composites according to variations in composition and temperature. Dent Mater 2014; 30:517-24.
16. Garoushi S, Mangoush E, Vallittu M, et al. Short fiber reinforced composite: a new alternative for direct onlay restorations. Open Dent J 2013;7:181-5.
17. Garoushi S, Sailynoja E, Vallittu PK, et al. Physical properties and depth of cure of a new short fiber reinforced composite. Dent Mater 2013; 29:835-41.
18. Manhart J, Chen H, Hamm G, et al. Buonocore Memorial Lecture. Review of the clinical survival of direct and indirect restorations in posterior teeth of the permanent dentition. Oper Dent 2004; 29:481-508.
19. Opdam NJ, van de Sande FH, Bronkhorst E, et al. Longevity of posterior composite restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res 2014; 93:943-9.
20. Moszner N, Fischer UK, Ganster B, et al. Benzoyl germanium derivatives as novel visible light photoinitiators for dental materials. Dent Mater 2008; 24:901-7.
21. Bucuta S, Ilie N. Light transmittance and micro-mechanical properties of bulk fill vs. conventional resin based composites. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 18:1991-2000.
22. Arikawa H, Kanie T, Fujii K, et al. Effect of filler properties in composite resins on light transmittance characteristics and color. Dent Mater J 2007; 26:38-44.
23. Ilie N, Bucuta S, Draenert M. Bulk-fill resin-based composites: an in vitro assessment of their mechanical performance. Oper Dent 2013; 38:618-25.
24. Ilie N, Kessler A, Durner J. Influence of various irradiation processes on the mechanical properties and polymerisation kinetics of bulk-fill resin based composites. J Dent 2013; 41:695-702.
25. Flury S, Hayoz S, Peutzfeldt A, et al. Depth of cure of resin composites: is the ISO 4049 method suitable for bulk fill materials? Dent Mater 2012; 28:521-8.
26. Leprince JG, Leveque P, Nysten B, et al. New insight into the "depth of cure" of dimethacrylate-based dental composites. Dent Mater 2012; 28:512-20.
27. Czasch P, Ilie N. In vitro comparison of mechanical properties and degree of cure of bulk fill composites. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 17:227-35.
28. Bouschlicher MR, Rueggeberg FA, Wilson BM. Correlation of bottom-to-top surface microhardness and conversion ratios for a variety of resin composite compositions. Oper Dent 2004; 29:698-704.
29. Par M, Gamulin O, Marovic D, et al. Raman spectroscopic assessment of degree of conversion of bulk-fill resin composites--changes at 24 hours post cure. Oper Dent 2015; 40:E92-101.
30. Tarle Z, Attin T, Marovic D, et al. Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19:831-40.
31. Ilie N, Fleming GJ. In vitro comparison of polymerisation kinetics and the micro-mechanical properties of low and high viscosity giomers and RBC materials. J Dent. 2015; 43:814-22.
32. Garcia D, Yaman P, Dennison J, et al. Polymerization shrinkage and depth of cure of bulk fill flowable composite resins. Oper Dent 2014; 39:441-8.
33. Jang JH, Park SH, Hwang IN. Polymerization shrinkage and depth of cure of bulk-fill resin composites and highly filled flowable resin. Oper Dent 2015; 40:172-80.
34. Lassila LV, Nagas E, Vallittu PK, et al. Translucency of flowable bulk-filling composites of various thicknesses. Chin J Dent Res 2012; 15:31-5.
35. Dennison JB, Yaman P, Seir R, et al. Effect of variable light intensity on composite shrinkage. J Prosthet Dent 2000; 84:499-505.
36. Tarle Z, Meniga A, Ristic M, et al. The effect of the photopolymerization method on the quality of composite resin samples. J Oral Rehabil 1998; 25:436-42.
37. Unterbrink GL, Liebenberg WH. Flowable resin composites as "filled adhesives": literature review and clinical recommendations. Quintessence Int 1999; 30:249-57.
38. Ferracane JL. Resin-based composite performance: are there some things we can't predict? Dent Mater 2013; 29:51-8.
39. Benetti AR, Havndrup-Pedersen C, Honore D, et al. Bulk-fill resin composites: polymerization contraction, depth of cure, and gap formation. Oper Dent 2015; 40:190-200.
40. Asmussen E, Peutzfeldt A. Influence of UEDMA BisGMA and TEGDMA on selected mechanical properties of experimental resin composites. Dent Mater 1998; 14:51-6.
41. Sideridou I, Tserki V, Papanastasiou G. Effect of chemical structure on degree of conversion in light-cured dimethacrylate-based dental resins. Biomaterials 2002; 23:1819-29.
42. Ilie N, Hickel R. Investigations on a methacrylate-based flowable composite based on the SDR technology. Dent Mater 2011; 27:348-55.
43. Rullmann I, Schattenberg A, Marx M, et al. Photoelastic determination of polymerization shrinkage stress in low-shrinkage resin composites. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 2012; 122:294-9.
44. Braga RR, Ferracane JL. Alternatives in polymerization contraction stress management. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2004; 15:176-84.
45. Ferracane JL. Buonocore Lecture. Placing dental composites--a stressful experience. Oper Dent 2008; 33:247-57.
46. Schneider LF, Cavalcante LM, Silikas N. Shrinkage Stresses Generated during Resin-Composite Applications: A Review. J Dent Biomech 2010.
47. Kim RJ, Kim YJ, Choi NS, et al. Polymerization shrinkage, modulus, and shrinkage stress related to tooth-restoration interfacial debonding in bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2015; 43:430-9.
48. Davidson CL, de Gee AJ, Feilzer A. The competition between the composite-dentin bond strength and the polymerization contraction stress. J Dent Res 1984; 63:1396-9.
49. Bicalho AA, Pereira RD, Zanatta RF, et al. Incremental filling technique and composite material--part I: cuspal deformation, bond strength, and physical properties. Oper Dent 2014; 39:E71-82.
50. El-Damanhoury H, Platt J. Polymerization shrinkage stress kinetics and related properties of bulk-fill resin composites. Oper Dent 2014; 39:374-82.
51. Moorthy A, Hogg CH, Dowling AH, et al. Cuspal deflection and microleakage in premolar teeth restored with bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite base materials. J Dent 2012; 40:500-5.
52. Ferracane JL, Mitchem JC. Relationship between composite contraction stress and leakage in Class V cavities. Am J Dent 2003; 16:239-43.
53. Roggendorf MJ, Kramer N, Appelt A, et al. Marginal quality of flowable 4-mm base vs. conventionally layered resin composite. J Dent 2011; 39:643-7.
54. Scotti N, Comba A, Gambino A, et al. Microleakage at enamel and dentin margins with a bulk fills flowable resin. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:1-8.
55. Furness A, Tadros MY, Looney SW, et al. Effect of bulk/incremental fill on internal gap formation of bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014; 42:439-49.
56. Nazari A, Sadr A, Shimada Y, et al. 3D assessment of void and gap formation in flowable resin composites using optical coherence tomography. J Adhes Dent 2013; 15:237-43.
57. Nazari A, Sadr A, Saghiri MA, et al. Non-destructive characterization of voids in six flowable composites using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Dent Mater 2013; 29:278-86.
58. Agarwal RS, Hiremath H, Agarwal J, et al. Evaluation of cervical marginal and internal adaptation using newer bulk fill composites: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:56-61.
59. Poggio C, Chiesa M, Scribante A, et al. Microleakage in Class II composite restorations with margins below the CEJ: in vitro evaluation of different restorative techniques. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e793-8.
60. Campos EA, Ardu S, Lefever D, et al. Marginal adaptation of class II cavities restored with bulk-fill composites. J Dent 2014; 42:575-81.
61. Flury S, Peutzfeldt A, Lussi A. Influence of increment thickness on microhardness and dentin bond strength of bulk fill resin composites. Dent Mater 2014; 30:1104-12.
62. Van Ende A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL, et al. Bulk-filling of high C-factor posterior cavities: effect on adhesion to cavity-bottom dentin. Dent Mater 2013; 29:269-77.
63. Ilie N, Schoner C, Bucher K, et al. An in-vitro assessment of the shear bond strength of bulk-fill resin composites to permanent and deciduous teeth. J Dent 2014; 42:850-5.
64. Juloski J, Carrabba M, Aragoneses JM, et al. Microleakage of Class II restorations and microtensile bond strength to dentin of low-shrinkage composites. Am J Dent 2013; 26:271-7.
65. Manhart J, Chen HY, Neuerer P, et al. Clinical performance of the posterior composite QuiXfil after 3, 6, and 18 months in Class 1 and 2 cavities. Quintessence Int 2008; 39:757-65.
66. Manhart J, Chen HY, Hickel R. Three-year results of a randomized controlled clinical trial of the posterior composite QuiXfil in class I and II cavities. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 13:301-7.
67. Manhart J, Chen HY, Hickel R. Clinical evaluation of the posterior composite Quixfil in class I and II cavities: 4-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. J Adhes Dent 2010; 12:237-43.
68. Dogan D, Ercan E, Hamidi MM, et al. One-year clinical evaluation of Quixfil and Gradia Direct composite restorative materials in posterior teeth. J Mich Dent Assoc 2013; 95:36-41, 71.
69. Colak H, Tokay U, Uzgur R, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of one nano-hybrid and one high-viscosity bulk-fill composite restorative systems in class II cavities: 12 months results. Niger J Clin Pract 2017; 20:822-31.
70. Celik C, Arhun N, Yamanel K. Clinical evaluation of resin-based composites in posterior restorations: 12-month results. Eur J Dent 2010; 4:57-65.
71. Arhun N, Celik C, Yamanel K. Clinical evaluation of resin-based composites in posterior restorations: two-year results. Oper Dent 2010; 35:397-404.
72. Celik C, Arhun N, Yamanel K. Clinical evaluation of resin-based composites in posterior restorations: a 3-year study. Med Princ Pract 2014; 23:453-9.
73. van Dijken JW, Pallesen U. Randomized 3-year clinical evaluation of Class I and II posterior resin restorations placed with a bulk-fill resin composite and a one-step self-etching adhesive. J Adhes Dent 2015; 17:81-8.
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There are 74 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section	Review Articles
Authors	Nazire Nurdan Çakır Sezer Demirbuğa
Publication Date	December 30, 2019
Submission Date	December 19, 2017
Published in Issue	Year 2019 Volume: 28 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Çakır, N. N., & Demirbuğa, S. (2019). RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(3), 188-193. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.368759
AMA	Çakır NN, Demirbuğa S. RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER. JHS. December 2019;28(3):188-193. doi:10.34108/eujhs.368759
Chicago	Çakır, Nazire Nurdan, and Sezer Demirbuğa. “RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 28, no. 3 (December 2019): 188-93. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.368759.
EndNote	Çakır NN, Demirbuğa S (December 1, 2019) RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 28 3 188–193.
IEEE	N. N. Çakır and S. Demirbuğa, “RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER”, JHS, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 188–193, 2019, doi: 10.34108/eujhs.368759.
ISNAD	Çakır, Nazire Nurdan - Demirbuğa, Sezer. “RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 28/3 (December 2019), 188-193. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.368759.
JAMA	Çakır NN, Demirbuğa S. RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER. JHS. 2019;28:188–193.
MLA	Çakır, Nazire Nurdan and Sezer Demirbuğa. “RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 28, no. 3, 2019, pp. 188-93, doi:10.34108/eujhs.368759.
Vancouver	Çakır NN, Demirbuğa S. RESTORATİF DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNLER. JHS. 2019;28(3):188-93.

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