Superior vena cava syndrome after creation of arteriovenous fistula

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 281 - 284, 04.11.2017

Engin Akgul , Sinan Erkul Gulen Sezer Alptekin Erkul Ahmet Hakan Vural

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.315130

Abstract

Patients with end-stage
renal disease require vascular access for hemodialysis. Repeated insertions and
long-term duration of permanent central venous catheters may cause venous
stenosis and thrombosis in central veins, which may result in superior vena
cava syndrome. A
38-year-old male patient with end-stage renal disease was admitted
with complaint of dyspnea,
edema of the face, neck and bilateral upper extremities. We had created a
radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula at the level of left wrist two weeks ago,
he had a permanent catheter in the right internal jugular vein for 2 months. The
Doppler ultrasound and venographic examinations of central veins showed that
the permanent catheter in the right internal jugular vein had caused the edema
of the neck, face and bilateral upper extremities by narrowing the superior
vena cava. The catheter was removed and the patient was anticoagulated. The
patient's symptoms of shortness of breath were alleviated on hospital discharge
and the swelling of the upper extremities diminished after one week. The
hemodialysis patients should be directed to arteriovenous fistula surgery
instead of central venous catheterization as soon as possible to avoid superior
vena cava syndrome due to central venous catheters. 

Keywords

Superior vena cava syndrome, arteriovenous fistula, central venous catheter, central venous stenosis, arteriovenous fistula, end-stage renal disease

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