POST-TERM GEBELİKLER ve EBELERİN SORUMLULUKLARI

Year 2023, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 92 - 100, 17.04.2023

Zeynep Dilşah Karaçam , Hüsniye Dinç Kaya

https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1159550

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Post-term gebelik, 42 ve üzeri gebelik haftasına kadar devam eden gebelikler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Post-term gebeliklerde fetal, neonatal ve maternal olarak pek çok komplikasyon ortaya çıkmaktadır. Dünyada post-term gebelik insidansı %1 ile %10 arasında değişmektedir. Post-term gebelik insidansının tüm dünyada değişiklik göstermesinin sebebi ise kullanılan rutin bir kılavuzun olmaması ve obstetrik uygulamaların ülkeden ülkeye farklılık göstermesidir. Bu derlemenin amacı; öncelikle post-term gebeliğin tanımı, tanımlanmasında kullanılan kavramlar, dünyada ve ülkemizde görülme sıklıkları, bu alanda yapılan güncel araştırmalardan bahsedilerek post-term gebenin bakımında ebelerin üzerine düşen rol ve sorumluluklar mevcut çalışmalar ışığında gözden geçirmektir.

Keywords

Maternal, neonatal, post-term gebelik, ebelik

Supporting Institution

YOK

Project Number

YOK

Thanks

---

POST-TERM PREGNANCIES and RESPONSIBILITIES OF MIDWIVES

Abstract

Post-term pregnancy is defined as pregnancies that continue until 42 weeks of gestation or more. Many fetal, neonatal and maternal complications occur in post-term pregnancies. The incidence of post-term pregnancy in the world varies between 1% and 10%. The reason why the incidence of post-term pregnancy varies all over the world is that there is no routine guide used and obstetric practices differ from country to country. The purpose of this review; First of all, the definition of post-term pregnancy, the concepts used in its definition, its prevalence in the world and in our country, current researches in this field and the role and responsibilities of midwives in the care of post-term pregnant are reviewed in the light of the literature.

Keywords

Maternal, neonatal, post-term pregnancy, pregnancy

Project Number

YOK

References

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Management of late-term and post-term pregnancies: ACOG Practice Bulletin Number 146 (2014). Obstetrics & Gynecology. 124(2), 390-396. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000452744.06088.48.
• Andersson, C.B., Petersen, J.P., Johnsen, S.P., Jensen, M., & Kesmodel, U.S. (2022). Risk of complications in the late vs early days of the 42nd week of pregnancy: A nationwide cohort study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 101(2), 200-211. doi: 10.1111/aogs.14299
• Bayraktar, B., Vural, T., Gölbaşı, C., Gölbaşı, H., & Bayraktar, M.G. (2022). Fetal gender distribution in post-term pregnancy and intrauterine death: Maternal and neonatal outcomes by fetal sex. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi. 64(1), 73.
• Caughey, A.B., & Musci, T.J. (2024). Complications of term pregnancies beyond 37 weeks of gestation. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 103(1), 57–62. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000109216.24211.D4
• Chauhan, M.B., & Malik, R. (2020). Post-term pregnancy. In Labour Room Emergencies (pp. 173-181). Springer, Singapore.
• Chen, R., Tedroff, K., Villamor, E., Lu, D., & Cnattingius, S. (2020). Risk of intellectual disability in children born appropriate-for-gestational-age at term or post-term: impact of birth weight for gestational age and gestational age. European journal of epidemiology. 35(3), 273–282. doi: 0.1007/s10654-019-00590-7
• Dadi, T.L., & Mihrete, K.M. (2018). Determinants of unjustified cesarean section in two hospitals southwestern Ethiopia: Retrospective record review. BMC research notes. 11(1), 1-5. doi:0.1186/s13104-018-3336-3
• Deng, K., Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhu, J., Mu, Y., Li, X., Xing, A., Liu, Z., Li, M., Wang, X., & Liang, J. (2019). Prevalence of post-term births and associated maternal risk factors in China: data from over 6 million births at health facilities between 2012 and 2016. Scientific reports. 9(1), 273. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36290-7
• Derraik, J.G., Lundgren, M., Cutfield, W.S., & Ahlsson, F. (2016). Body Mass Index, Overweight, and Obesity in Swedish Women Born Post-term. Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology. 30(4), 320–324. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12292
• Doherty, L., & Norwitz, E.R. (2008). Prolonged pregnancy: when should we intervene?. Current opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 20(6), 519-527. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0b013e328314b6f8
• Ekici, H. (2020). Obstetride Temel Prensipler, Post-term Doğum, Akademisyen Kitapevi, s 103,109.
• Frick A.P. (2021). Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology. 70, 92–100. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.07.005
• Gao, L., Tao, Y., Hu, T., Liu, W., Xu, C., Liu, J., ... & Ni, X. (2012). Regulation of estradiol and progesterone production by CRH-R1 and-R2 is through divergent signaling pathways in cultured human placental trophoblasts. Endocrinology. 153(10), 4918-4928. doi: 10.1210/en.2012-1453
• Geç-Term ve post-term gebeliklerin yönetimi, Maternal-Fetal Tıp ve Perinatoloji Derneği, (2017). Erişim Adresi: https://www.tmftp.org/files/acog-diyor-ki/gec-term-ve-post-term-gebeliklerin-yonetimi-31012017.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 08.08.2022
• Geneen, L.J., Gilbert, J., Reeves, T., Mainie, P., Maresh, M., Smith, L. & Parisaei, M. (2022). Timing of induction of labour in the prevention of prolonged pregnancy: Systematic review with meta‐analysis. Reproductive, Female and Child Health. doi:10.1002/rfc2.6
• Glick, I., Kadish, E., & Rottenstreich, M. (2021). Management of pregnancy in women of advanced maternal age: Improving outcomes for mother and baby. International Journal of Women's Health. 13, 751. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S283216
• Güneş, M.S., & Oğlak, S.C. (2020). Geç-term ve post-term gebeliklerin fetal doppler akım özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Ege Tıp Dergisi. 59(4), 235-240. doi: 10.19161/etd.833597
• Heslehurst, N., Vieira, R., Hayes, L., Crowe, L., Jones, D., Robalino, S., ... & Rankin, J. (2017). Maternal body mass index and post‐term birth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Obesity reviews. 18(3), 293-308. doi: 10.1111/obr.12489
• Jain, P.G., Sharma, R., & Bhargava, M. (2017). Perinatal outcome of meconium stained liquor in pre-term, term and post-term pregnancy. Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research. 4(2), 146-150. doi:10.18231/2394-2754.2017.0033
• Kawka-Paciorkowska, K., & Bręborowicz, G. H. (2022). The role of corticoliberin concentration levels and placental CRH receptors 1 and 2 in the prolongation of pregnancy. Gynecological Endocrinology. 38(6), 478–482, 1-5. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2022.2068521
• Kortekaas, J.C., Kazemier, B.M., Keulen, J.K., Bruinsma, A., Mol, B.W., Vandenbussche, F., ... & De Miranda, E. (2020). Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes of late‐and postterm pregnancies in advanced maternal age: A national cohort study. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. 99(8), 1022-1030. doi:10.1111/aogs.13828
• Latif, S., & Aiken, C. (2021). Prolonged pregnancy. Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine. 31(6), 170-174. doi: 10.1016/j.ogrm.2021.04.005
• Lauth, C., Huet, J., Dolley, P., Thibon, P., & Dreyfus, M. (2021). Maternal obesity in prolonged pregnancy: Labor, mode of delivery, maternal and fetal outcomes. Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction. 50(1), 101909. doi:10.1016/j.jogoh.2020.101909
• Lin, S., Chai, J., Li, J., Shang, X., Pei, L., Jiang, L., ... & Zhou, D. (2021). Incidence of macrosomia in rural areas—Henan Province, China, 2013–2017. China CDC Weekly. 3(37), 788-792. doi: 10.46234/ccdcw2021.196
• Linder, N., Hiersch, L., Fridman, E., Klinger, G., Lubin, D., Kouadio, F., & Melamed, N. (2017). Post-term pregnancy is an independent risk factor for neonatal morbidity even in low-risk singleton pregnancies. Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 102(4), F286-F290. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-308553
• Maoz, O., Wainstock, T., Sheiner, E., & Walfisch, A. (2019). Immediate perinatal outcomes of postterm deliveries. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 32(11), 1847-1852. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1420773
• Martin, J.A., Hamilton, B.E., Osterman, M.J., Driscoll, A.K., Drake P. (2018). Births: final data for 2017. National Vital Statistics Report. 67(1):1-55.
• Maulinda, N. A., & Rusdyati, T. (2018). The Relationship between Age and Maternity Parity with Post-term Birth. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 6(1), 27-34. doi: 10.20473/jbe.v6i12018. 27-34
• Middleton, P., Shepherd, E., Morris, J., Crowther, C.A., & Gomersall, J.C. (2020). Induction of labour at or beyond 37 weeks' gestation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Issue 7. Art. No.: CD004945. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004945.pub5.
• Morken, N. H., Klungsøyr, K., & Skjaerven, R. (2014). Perinatal mortality by gestational week and size at birth in singleton pregnancies at and beyond term: a nationwide population-based cohort study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 14(1), 1-9.
• Murzakanova, G., Räisänen, S., Jacobsen, A.F., Sole, K.B., Bjarkø, L., & Laine, K. (2020). Adverse perinatal outcomes in 665,244 term and post-term deliveries-a Norwegian population-based study. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 247,212–218. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.02.028
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Inducing labour(update) (2021). Erişim Adresi: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng207/resources/inducing-labour-pdf-66143719773637 Erişim Tarihi: 08.08.2022
• Oberg, A.S., Frisell, T., Svensson, A.C., & Iliadou, A.N. (2013). Maternal and fetal genetic contributions to postterm birth: familial clustering in a population-based sample of 475,429 Swedish births. American journal of epidemiology, 177(6), 531-537. doi: 10.1093/aje/kws244
• Office for National Statistics UK (2021). Birth caracteristic dataset Erişim Adresi: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/livebirths/datasets/birthcharacteristicsinenglandandwales Erişim Tarihi: 08.08.2022
• Pigatti Silva, F., Souza, R. T., Cecatti, J. G., Passini, R., Tedesco, R. P., Lajos, G. J., ... & Silva, C. M. (2019). Role of Body Mass Index and gestational weight gain on preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes. Scientific reports. 9(1), 1-12. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49704-x
• Roberts, D., & Myagerimath, R. (2010). Prolonged pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynaecology. An evidence based text for MRCOG. Chapter19, 282-5.
• Roos, N., Sahlin, L., Ekman-Ordeberg, G., Kieler, H., & Stephansson, O. (2010). Maternal risk factors for postterm pregnancy and cesarean delivery following labor induction. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 89(8), 1003-1010. doi:10.3109/00016349.2010.500009
• Seikku, L., Gissler, M., Andersson, S., Rahkonen, P., Stefanovic, V., Tikkanen, M., ... & Rahkonen, L. (2016). Asphyxia, neurologic morbidity, and perinatal mortality in early-term and postterm birth. Pediatrics, 137(6), e20153334. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-3334
• Singh, A.D.R. (2022). Study of babies born with meconium stained amniotic fluid in post-term pregnancy. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine (EJMCM), 9(01), 2022.
• Tang, J., Gou, W., Fu, Y., Li, K., Guo, X., Huang, T., ... & Zheng, J.S. (2022). Association between postterm pregnancy and adverse growth outcomes in preschool-aged children. Available at SSRN 3976178. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3976178
• Vatten, L.J., & Skjærven, R. (2004). Offspring sex and pregnancy outcome by length of gestation. Early human development, 76(1), 47-54. Doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2003.10.006
• WHO recommendations: Induction of labour at or beyond term (2018). Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550413 Erişim tarihi: 08.08.2022