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DİLTHEY’İN KANT FELSEFESİNİ ELEŞTİRİSİ

Year 2023, Issue: 77 - EK, 173 - 192, 29.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1290738

Abstract

Dilthey felsefesi, felsefeyi tin bilimleri ile birlikte alması ve bunun kurulumunu da tarih üzerinden yapması ile oldukça zengin bir felsefedir. Dilthey, 19. yy.da zirveye ulaşan geleneksel Alman felsefesini bir anlamda reddederek felsefeye yeni ve özgün bir yol çizmiştir. Bunun en önemli hareket noktalarından biri doğa bilimlerinin yükselişinin henüz emekleme çağında olduğu ifade edilebilecek tin bilimleri karşısındaki baskıcı ve indirgemeci pozisyonu olduğu söylenebilir. Öyle ki bu durum insan hayatının göz ardı edilmesi gibi büyük bir yanlış içindedir. Bu yüzden Dilthey için felsefe ilk olarak kendisine doğrudan verilmiş bir bütün olarak insan yaşamından başlamalıdır. Tin bilimlerini sistematik bir şekilde yapılandırmak onun yöntem, amaç ve sınırlarını çizmek Dilthey’in felsefi programıdır. Bu doğrultuda Dilthey hayat, anlam ve yaşantı gibi kavramları merkeze alır. Dilthey, Kant’ın eleştirel felsefesini kendisine birçok anlamda adres gösterir. Ne var ki Kant’ın deneyim tasarımı bu kavramları es geçmiştir. Bu doğrultuda Kant’tan birçok konuda olumlu ve olumsuz eleştirel yaklaşım çerçevesinde faydalanmıştır. Dilthey’in hayat felsefesini Kant’a yöneltmiş olduğu olumsuz eleştiriler üzerinden ele almak ve bu sayede onun felsefesinin genel hatlarını çizmek bu makalenin odak noktasını oluşturur.

References

  • Altun, S. Y. (2021). “Wilhelm Dilthey Felsefesinde ‘Anlama’ Kavramı ve Dolayımları”, Temaşa Felsefe Dergisi, 16, ss. 5-19.
  • Boehm, R. (1951). “‘Erklären’ und ‘Verstehen’ bei Dilthey”, Zeitschrift für philosophische Forschung, 5/3, ss. 410-417. (URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20480485)
  • Dilthey, W. (1900). “Die Entstehung der Hermeneutik”, Philosophische Abhandlungen, Festschrift für Christoph Sigwart, ss. 187-202.
  • Dilthey, W. (1921). Gesammelte Schriften II. Band: Weltanschauung Und Analyse Des Menschen Seit Renaissance Und Reformation, Leipzig Und Berlin: Verlag von B.G. Teubner.
  • Dilthey, W. (1922). Das Erlebnis Und Die Dichtung Lessing Goethe Novalis Hölderlin, Leipzig und Berlin: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • Dilthey, W. (1965). Gesammelte Schriften VII. Band: Der Aufbau Der Geschichtlichen Welt In Den Geisteswissenschaften, Stuttgart: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • Dilthey, W. (1977). Descriptive Psychology And Historical Understanding, trans. By Richard M. Zaner And Kenneth L. Heiges, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague. (DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-9658-8).
  • Dilthey, W. (1990). Gesammelte Schriften I. Band: Einleitung in Die Geisteswissenschaften, Stuttgart: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • DİLTHEY, W. (1990). Gesammelte Schriften IV. Band: Die Jugendgeschichte Hegels: und Andere Abhandlungen zur Geschichte des deutschen Idealismus, Stuttgart: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • Dilthey, W. (1999). Wilhelm Dilthey Hermeneutik ve Tin Bilimleri, çev. Doğan Özlem, İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları.
  • Günay, M. (2010). Felsefe Tarihinde İnsan Sorunu, Adana: Karahan Yayınları.
  • Makkreel, R. (2020). “Wilhelm Dilthey”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta (ed.), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2020/entries/dilthey/
  • MISH, G. (1995). “Tin Bilimleri Kuramı İçinde Yaşama Felsefesi Düşüncesi”, Hermeneutik (Yorumbilgisi) Üzerine Yazılar içinde, Özlem, D. (ed.), ss. 51- 82, Ankara: Ark Yayınevi.
  • Nelson, E. S. (2014). “Language, Nature, and the Self: The Feeling of Life in Kant and Dilthey”, The Linguistic Dimension of Kant's Thought: Historical and Critical Essays, pp. 263-287, Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press.
  • Rıckert, H. (1920). Die Philosophie Des Lebens, Tübingen: Verlag Von J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck).
  • Rıckman H. P. (1976). Selected Writings, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
  • Stein, L. (1924). “Historical Optimism: Wilhelm Dilthey”, The Philosophical Review, 33/4, ss. 329-344. (Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2179222)
  • Stolorow, R. D. (2012). Rewiev: “The Historicity of the A Priori” Rewied Work: The Tragedy of Finitude: Dilthey's Hermeneutics of Life by Jos de Mul and Tony Burrett, Human Studies, 35/1, pp. 131-135. (URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41427899)
  • Tapper, B. (1925). “Dilthey's Methodology of the Geisteswissenschaften”, The Philosophical Review, 34/4, ss. 333-349. (URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2179376)
  • Topakkaya, A. (2005). Die wirkliche Zeit - Eine vergleichende Untersuchung der Zeitlehre von W. Dilthey und H. Bergson unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von I. Kants Zeitanalyse, Freiburg: Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität.
  • Topakkaya, A. (2016). Wilhelm Dilthey ve Felsefesi, İstanbul: Say Yayınları.

DİLTHEY’S CRITICAL OF THE KANT PHILOSOPHY

Year 2023, Issue: 77 - EK, 173 - 192, 29.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1290738

Abstract

Dilthey's philosophy is a very rich philosophy, taking philosophy together with the humanities and setting it up on history. Dilthey, in a sense, rejected the traditional German philosophy that reached its peak in the 19th century and drew a new and original path to philosophy. One of the most important starting points of this is its oppressive and reductionist position against the humanities, which can be stated that the rise of the natural sciences is still in its infancy. So much so that this situation is in the great mistake of ignoring human life. Therefore, for Dilthey, philosophy must first begin with human life as a whole directly given to him. It is Dilthey’s philosophical program to systematically structure the human sciences and draw its methods, aims and boundaries. In this direction, Dilthey places concepts such as life, meaning and lived experience in the center. Dilthey addresses Kant’s critical philosophy in many ways. However, Kant’s experience design bypassed these concepts. In this direction, he has benefited from Kant within the framework of positive and negative critical approach in many issues. The focus of this article is to discuss Dilthey’s philosophy of life through the negative criticisms he directed towards Kant and thus to outline his philosophy.

References

  • Altun, S. Y. (2021). “Wilhelm Dilthey Felsefesinde ‘Anlama’ Kavramı ve Dolayımları”, Temaşa Felsefe Dergisi, 16, ss. 5-19.
  • Boehm, R. (1951). “‘Erklären’ und ‘Verstehen’ bei Dilthey”, Zeitschrift für philosophische Forschung, 5/3, ss. 410-417. (URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20480485)
  • Dilthey, W. (1900). “Die Entstehung der Hermeneutik”, Philosophische Abhandlungen, Festschrift für Christoph Sigwart, ss. 187-202.
  • Dilthey, W. (1921). Gesammelte Schriften II. Band: Weltanschauung Und Analyse Des Menschen Seit Renaissance Und Reformation, Leipzig Und Berlin: Verlag von B.G. Teubner.
  • Dilthey, W. (1922). Das Erlebnis Und Die Dichtung Lessing Goethe Novalis Hölderlin, Leipzig und Berlin: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • Dilthey, W. (1965). Gesammelte Schriften VII. Band: Der Aufbau Der Geschichtlichen Welt In Den Geisteswissenschaften, Stuttgart: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • Dilthey, W. (1977). Descriptive Psychology And Historical Understanding, trans. By Richard M. Zaner And Kenneth L. Heiges, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague. (DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-9658-8).
  • Dilthey, W. (1990). Gesammelte Schriften I. Band: Einleitung in Die Geisteswissenschaften, Stuttgart: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • DİLTHEY, W. (1990). Gesammelte Schriften IV. Band: Die Jugendgeschichte Hegels: und Andere Abhandlungen zur Geschichte des deutschen Idealismus, Stuttgart: B. G.Teubner-Verlags Gesellschaft.
  • Dilthey, W. (1999). Wilhelm Dilthey Hermeneutik ve Tin Bilimleri, çev. Doğan Özlem, İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları.
  • Günay, M. (2010). Felsefe Tarihinde İnsan Sorunu, Adana: Karahan Yayınları.
  • Makkreel, R. (2020). “Wilhelm Dilthey”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta (ed.), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2020/entries/dilthey/
  • MISH, G. (1995). “Tin Bilimleri Kuramı İçinde Yaşama Felsefesi Düşüncesi”, Hermeneutik (Yorumbilgisi) Üzerine Yazılar içinde, Özlem, D. (ed.), ss. 51- 82, Ankara: Ark Yayınevi.
  • Nelson, E. S. (2014). “Language, Nature, and the Self: The Feeling of Life in Kant and Dilthey”, The Linguistic Dimension of Kant's Thought: Historical and Critical Essays, pp. 263-287, Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press.
  • Rıckert, H. (1920). Die Philosophie Des Lebens, Tübingen: Verlag Von J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck).
  • Rıckman H. P. (1976). Selected Writings, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
  • Stein, L. (1924). “Historical Optimism: Wilhelm Dilthey”, The Philosophical Review, 33/4, ss. 329-344. (Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2179222)
  • Stolorow, R. D. (2012). Rewiev: “The Historicity of the A Priori” Rewied Work: The Tragedy of Finitude: Dilthey's Hermeneutics of Life by Jos de Mul and Tony Burrett, Human Studies, 35/1, pp. 131-135. (URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41427899)
  • Tapper, B. (1925). “Dilthey's Methodology of the Geisteswissenschaften”, The Philosophical Review, 34/4, ss. 333-349. (URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2179376)
  • Topakkaya, A. (2005). Die wirkliche Zeit - Eine vergleichende Untersuchung der Zeitlehre von W. Dilthey und H. Bergson unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von I. Kants Zeitanalyse, Freiburg: Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität.
  • Topakkaya, A. (2016). Wilhelm Dilthey ve Felsefesi, İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sait Can Ataman 0000-0002-8252-5139

Arslan Topakkaya 0000-0002-8305-8675

Publication Date October 29, 2023
Submission Date May 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 77 - EK

Cite

APA Ataman, S. C., & Topakkaya, A. (2023). DİLTHEY’İN KANT FELSEFESİNİ ELEŞTİRİSİ. Felsefe Dünyası(77 - EK), 173-192. https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1290738