KRİPTO PARANIN SİYASET VE EKONOMİ FELSEFESİYLE YORUMLANMASI: HÜKÜMRAN KUDRETİN SENYORAJ HAKKININ İHLALİ BAĞLAMINDA BİR TARTIŞMA

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 593 - 611, 31.12.2021

Ahmet Efe

https://doi.org/10.29106/fesa.954589

Abstract

Kripto para birimleri, yalnızca parayla ilgili şüpheleri kışkırtmakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda devlet tarafından yetkilendirilmiş ulusal para sisteminin doğasın karşı olan sömürü, risk ve hatta şiddet biçimlerini de ortaya çıkardığı için geleneksel para biçimlerine ideolojik bir meydan okuma sayılmaktadır. Sağladığı avantaj ve maruz bıraktığı risklerle ilgili uluslararası ölçekte bir konsensüs oluşmamış olmasından dolayı, bazı uluslar, politik gündemlerini geliştirmek, etki oluşturmak ve ekonomik yaptırımları aşmak için piyasadaki kripto paraları kullanmayı hoş görürken bazıları bizzat kendi paralarını kullanmakta ya da anonim kripto paraları yasaklama eğilimindedirler. Bunun yanı sıra, düzenleyici kurumlar, özellikle kripto varlıkların terörizm, kara para aklama ve diğer finansal suç biçimleriyle ilgili oluşturduğu risklere odaklanmaktadırlar. Yaşanan kripto dolandırıcılık olaylarından dolayı Türkiye’de olduğu gibi bazı ülkelerde resmi bir ödeme aracı olarak tanımama eğilimi devam etmekle birlikte, kripto varlıklardaki şeffaflık ve denetim eksikliğinden dolayı daha sert önlemler alma yaklaşımı da giderek güçlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kripto paraların teknolojik alt yapısı, algoritmaları, pazar değeri, ekonomik riskleri/yararları ve uygulanabilir para politikası dışında, sadece kripto paraların ulusların senyoraj hakkına bir istisna teşkil etmesi nedeniyle “ulusal hükümranlık hakkı” bağlamında kavramsal, kuramsal ve felsefi boyutları konu edinilmektedir.

Keywords

Kripto Para, Para Felsefesi, Parasal Senyoraj, Fin-Tek YBS

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