Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

BİLİNÇ PROBLEMİ BAĞLAMINDA MUTLAK ZİHİNCİLİK

Year 2022, Issue: 33, 363 - 378, 21.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1035177

Abstract

Mutlak zihincilik bilincin neden var olduğu sorusunu “bilincin dışında bir şey var olmadığı” şeklinde bir cevap vererek savuştursa da evrensel bilincin nasıl tanımlanması gerektiği ve bireysel bilinçlerin evrensel bilinçten nasıl ayrışacağı gibi yeni sorularla yüzleşiyor. Mutlak zihinciliğin bir türü olarak düşünülebilecek simülasyon teorisi, evrenin arkasındaki zihnin doğası hakkında daha net bir görüş ortaya koyabildiği için bu sorularla muhatap olmuyor. Evren bir programcının zihninin ürünüdür ve bizler de onun/onların yarattığı bu sanal dünyanın içindeki karakterleriz. Ancak görünürdeki avantajına rağmen simülasyon teorisi sanal dünyadaki karakterlerin, yani bizlerin bilince nasıl sahip olabildiğimizi açıklayamıyor. Böylece bilinç problemi başka bir biçimde yeniden karşımıza çıkıyor. Bununla birlikte, yapay bir bilinç oluşturmanın bir yolu bulunabilirse bir simülasyonda yaşıyor olduğumuz düşüncesinin daha ikna edici hale gelebileceği ileri sürülebilir.

References

  • Albahari, M. (2019). “Beyond Cosmopsychism and the Great I Am: How the World might be Grounded in Universal ‘Advaitic’ Consciousness”. Seager, W. (Ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Panpsychism. Routledge, London & New York, 119-30.
  • Berkeley, G. (1881[1710]). A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. Krauth, C. P. (Ed.). J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia.
  • Bostrom, N. (2003). “Are You Living in a Computer Simulation”. Philosophical Quartetly, 53(211): 243-55.
  • Chalmers, D. J. (1995). “Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness”. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2(3): 200-19.
  • Chalmers, D. J. (2020). “Idealism and the Mind-Body Problem”. Seager, W. (Ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Panpsychism. Routledge, London & New York, s. 353-73.
  • Dunham, J., Hamilton, I. ve Watson, S. (2014). Idealism: The History of a Philosophy. Routledge, New York.
  • Goldschmidt, T. ve Pearce, K. L. (2017). “Introducton”. Goldschmidt, T. ve Pearce, K. L. (Ed.). Idealism: New Essays in Metaphysics. Oxford University Press, New York, ix-xii.
  • Guyer, P. ve Horstmann, R. (2015). “Idealism”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition). Edward N. Zalta (Ed.). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/idealism/ (Erişim tarihi: 04.11.2021).
  • Kastrup, B. (2017). “An Ontological Solution to the Mind-Body Problem”. Philosophies, 10(2): 1-18.
  • Kastrup, B. (2018). “The Universe in Consciousness”. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 25(5-6): 125-55.
  • Johnson, D. K. (2014). Exploring Metaphysics. The Great Courses, Chantilly.
  • Nagel, T. (1974). “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”. The Philosophical Review, 83 (4): 435-50.
  • Onur, F. (2019). “Bilinç Problemi ve Panpsişizm”. Metazihin: Yapay Zekâ ve Felsefe Dergisi, 2(1): 67-91.
  • Rödl, S. (2018). Self-Consciousness and Objectivity: An Introduction to Absolute Idealism. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
  • Seager, J. (2009). “Panpsychism”. McLaughlin, B. Beckermann, A. ve Walter, S. (Ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Mind. Oxford University Press, New York, 206-219.

ABSOLUTE IDEALISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS

Year 2022, Issue: 33, 363 - 378, 21.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1035177

Abstract

Although absolute idealism evades the question of why consciousness exists by answering that “nothing exists outside of consciousness”, it faces new questions such as how universal consciousness should be defined and how individual consciousnesses dissociate from universal consciousness. Simulation theory, which can be thought of as a type of absolute ideliasm, does not encounter these questions as it can provide a clearer view about the nature of the mind behind the universe. The universe is the product of the mind of a programmer and we are the characters in this virtual world that he/she/they create. However, despite its apparent advantage, simulation theory cannot explain how the characters in the virtual world, that is, us, can have consciousness. Thus, the problem of consciousness reappears in another form. With that being said, the idea that we are living in a simulation would seem more convincing if a way could be found to create an artificial consciousness.

References

  • Albahari, M. (2019). “Beyond Cosmopsychism and the Great I Am: How the World might be Grounded in Universal ‘Advaitic’ Consciousness”. Seager, W. (Ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Panpsychism. Routledge, London & New York, 119-30.
  • Berkeley, G. (1881[1710]). A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. Krauth, C. P. (Ed.). J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia.
  • Bostrom, N. (2003). “Are You Living in a Computer Simulation”. Philosophical Quartetly, 53(211): 243-55.
  • Chalmers, D. J. (1995). “Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness”. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2(3): 200-19.
  • Chalmers, D. J. (2020). “Idealism and the Mind-Body Problem”. Seager, W. (Ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Panpsychism. Routledge, London & New York, s. 353-73.
  • Dunham, J., Hamilton, I. ve Watson, S. (2014). Idealism: The History of a Philosophy. Routledge, New York.
  • Goldschmidt, T. ve Pearce, K. L. (2017). “Introducton”. Goldschmidt, T. ve Pearce, K. L. (Ed.). Idealism: New Essays in Metaphysics. Oxford University Press, New York, ix-xii.
  • Guyer, P. ve Horstmann, R. (2015). “Idealism”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition). Edward N. Zalta (Ed.). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/idealism/ (Erişim tarihi: 04.11.2021).
  • Kastrup, B. (2017). “An Ontological Solution to the Mind-Body Problem”. Philosophies, 10(2): 1-18.
  • Kastrup, B. (2018). “The Universe in Consciousness”. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 25(5-6): 125-55.
  • Johnson, D. K. (2014). Exploring Metaphysics. The Great Courses, Chantilly.
  • Nagel, T. (1974). “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”. The Philosophical Review, 83 (4): 435-50.
  • Onur, F. (2019). “Bilinç Problemi ve Panpsişizm”. Metazihin: Yapay Zekâ ve Felsefe Dergisi, 2(1): 67-91.
  • Rödl, S. (2018). Self-Consciousness and Objectivity: An Introduction to Absolute Idealism. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
  • Seager, J. (2009). “Panpsychism”. McLaughlin, B. Beckermann, A. ve Walter, S. (Ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Mind. Oxford University Press, New York, 206-219.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ferhat Onur 0000-0001-7052-2881

Publication Date May 21, 2022
Submission Date December 10, 2021
Acceptance Date March 21, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 33

Cite

Chicago Onur, Ferhat. “BİLİNÇ PROBLEMİ BAĞLAMINDA MUTLAK ZİHİNCİLİK”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 33 (May 2022): 363-78. https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1035177.

Starting from 2024, our journal will be published in 3 issues as two regular and one special issues. These issues will be published In May (regular issue), September (special issue) and December (regular issue).

Acceptance of articles for our special issue and our regular issue in December will begin on March 15.

Only articles within the scope of the file will be included in our special issue. 

Thank you for your attention.