AKILLI TURİZM UYGULAMALARI

Year 2018, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 85 - 103, 15.10.2018

Pınar Yalçınkaya , Lütfi Atay , Ezgi Karakaş

https://doi.org/10.32958/gastoria.433831

Cited By: 11

Abstract

Değişen turist
profili, müşteri memnuniyetinin ve rekabet üstünlüğünün önemi gibi nedenlerle
turizm, teknolojinin doğrudan etkilediği sektörlerden biri olarak ön plana
çıkmaktadır.  Teknolojinin turizmde
yaygın kullanımı sonucunda teknolojiye, kaliteye ve çevreye dayalı yeni bir
yaklaşım olarak akıllı turizmin ortaya çıktığı gözlenmektedir. Literatürde
çeşitli tanımlar olmasına rağmen akıllı turizm kavramı için ortak bir tanımın henüz
oluşmadığı görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda, akıllı turizm için yapılan tanımlar ve
açıklamalar doğrultusunda bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri, akıllı destinasyon
ve akıllı otel ifadelerinin ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür. Literatür derlemesi
niteliğindeki bu çalışmanın amacı, akıllı turizm kavramına ilişkin literatürü
ve turizm sektöründeki uygulamaları inceleyerek özellikle Türkçe literatüre
katkı sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmada ilk
olarak, literatür detaylı olarak incelenerek; akıllı turizme yönelik
literatürde bulunan farklı tanımlamalara yer verilmiş, literatürde ön plana
çıkan akıllı destinasyon ve akıllı otel kavramları da incelenmiştir. Daha sonra
ise, akıllı turizm kavramının daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi amacı ile turizm
sektöründeki akıllı uygulamalara örnekler verilmiş ve akıllı turizm kavramı
güçlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kapsamında değerlendirilen akıllı turizm
tanımlarında daha yoğun olarak mobil uygulamalar, akıllı telefonlar, sosyal
medya ve internet üzerinde durulduğu, çevreci anlayışın göz ardı edildiği
tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma dâhilinde
incelenen akıllı turizm uygulamalarının, Dünya Turizm Örgütü tarafından yapılan
tanımla uyumlu olduğu ancak akademik yazında çevreye duyarlılığın yeterli
düzeyde vurgulanmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

akıllı turizm, turizm ve teknoloji, akıllı destinasyon, akıllı otel

SMART TOURISM APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Tourism
is one of the leading sectors which are directly affected by technology due to
the reasons as changing tourist profile, customer satisfaction and competitive
advantage. As a result of the use of technology in Tourism, the concept of
smart tourism has emerged as a new approach based on technology, environment
and quality. Although there are various ‘smart tourism’ definitions in literature,
a common definition is not seen yet. In the direction of the definitions and explanations
of smart tourism, it is seen that information and communication technologies
(ICT), smart destination and smart hotel are the forefront expressions. The
purpose of this study, shaped as literature review, is to investigate both the
different ‘smart tourism’ definitions and the different smart tourism practices
in tourism sector. In this way, it is aimed to make contribution about the
smart tourism concept to the literature, especially Turkish literature. In this
study, first of all, the literature is reviewed in detail and the different
definitions of smart tourism are written as well as the concepts of smart
destination and smart hotel are examined. Then, the technological applications,
evaluated within the scope of smart tourism, in tourism are reviewed and then
smart tourism concept is supported by this concrete data. As a result, it is
determined that the definitions of smart tourism within the scope of ICT is
based on mobile applications, smart phones, social media and internet whereas
environmental understanding is ignored. On the other hand, it is observed that
the smart tourism applications evaluated during the study are in compliance
with the smart tourism definition of World Tourism Organization whereas environmental
sensitivity is not adequately emphasized in academic writing. 

Keywords

Smart tourism, tourism and technology, smart destination, smart hotel

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