Psoriazis ve periodontal durum arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 53 - 58, 01.05.2019

Özge Göktürk , Fatma Uçan Yarkaç , Atiye Oğrum

https://doi.org/10.17214/gaziaot.481136

Abstract

Amaç: Periodontal hastalıklar
mikrobiyal dental plaktaki bakterilerin neden olduğu kronik bir enfeksiyondur.
Periodontopatojen bakteriler hem neden oldukları enflamasyon hem de bakteriyel ürünlerin immün yanıtta oluşturduğu
değişikliklerle psoriazis hastalığının seyrini ve şiddetini etkileyebilir. Bu
çalışmada psoriazis teşhisi konulmuş olan bireylerle, sistemik olarak sağlıklı
bireyler arasındaki periodontal durumun karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya psoriazis tedavisi devam eden
65 birey (test grubu; 29 kadın, 36 erkek) ve sistemik olarak sağlıklı 100 birey
(kontrol grubu; 52 kadın, 48 erkek) dahil edildi. Hastaların klinik ve
radyolojik periodontal değerlendirmesi yapıldı. Hastalar periodontal
durumlarına göre gingivitis, Stage 1 periodontitis ve Stage 2 periodontitis
olarak alt gruplara ayrıldı. Psoriazisli bireylerin dermatolojik
değerlendirilmesi Psoriazis Alan ve Şiddet İndeksi (PAŞİ) kullanılarak yapıldı.
Elde edilen veriler p<0.05 anlamlılık düzeylerine göre istatistiksel olarak
analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Demografik verilerin değerlendirmesi, gruplar arasında
benzer yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum ve eğitim durumu seviyeleri olduğunu
gösterdi (p>0.05). Fırçalama sıklığı, oral hijyen seviyesi ve sosyoekonomik
durum kontrol grubunda daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Periodontal klinik
parametreler değerlendirildiğinde test grubunda sondalama cep derinliği (SCD)
ve plak indeksi (Pİ) seviyelerinin daha yüksek olduğu görüldü(p<0.05).
Psoriazisli bireylerde PAŞİ seviyeleri ile periodontal klinik parametreler
arası ilişki incelendiğinde ise Pİ, Gİ ve SKİ seviyeleri, PAŞİ değerleri 0-5,
5-10 ve >10 olan bireylerde benzer bulundu (p>0.05). SCD seviyeleri
açısından psoriazisli hastaların PASI alt grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık
gözlendi(p<0.05).

Sonuç: Psoriazis
hastalarının, sistemik sağlıklı bireylere göre, ağız hijyeni seviyelerinin ve
periodontal durumlarının daha kötü olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmamızın sonuçları
dahilinde psoriazis ile periodontal hastalık arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu
söylenebilir.

Keywords

Periodontal hastalıklar, periodontit, psöriyazis

Evaluation of the association between psoriasis and periodontal status

Abstract

Objective: Periodontal disease
is a chronic infection induced by bacteria of the microbial dental plaque.
Periodontopathogenic bacteria can affect the formation and severity of
psoriasis by both the inflammation they cause and the altered immune response
by their products. The aim of this study was to compare the periodontal status
between psoriasis-diagnosed individuals and systemically healthy individuals.

Materials and Method:
Sixty-five
patients undergoing psoriasis treatment (test group; 29 females, 36 males) and
100 systemic healthy individuals (control group; 52 females, 48 males) were
included in the present study. Clinical and radiographic periodontal
assessments were performed. The patients were divided into subgroups according
to their periodontal status as gingivitis, Stage 1 and Stage 2 periodontitis.
The dermatological evaluation of the psoriasis patients was performed using the
Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). The data were statistically analyzed
considering p<0.05 as significant.

Results: The demographic data
presented similar age, gender, marital status, and educational status among the
groups (p>0.05). Tooth brushing frequency, oral hygiene levels, and
socioeconomic status were found higher in the control group (p<0.05). When
periodontal clinical parameters were evaluated, probing pocket depth (PPD) and
plaque index (PI) were found higher in the test group (p<0.05). Likewise,
when the relationship between PASI levels and periodontal clinical parameters
were examined in psoriasis patients, PI, GI, and BOP levels were found similar
in the patients with 0-5, 5-10 and >10 PASI values (p>0.05). Significant
PPD level differences were detected among the PASI subgroups of the psoriasis
patients (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Psoriasis patients
appear to have poor oral hygiene and poor periodontal status compared to
systemically healthy individuals. The findings suggest a positive relationship
between periodontal disease and psoriasis.

Keywords

psoriasis, periodontal diseases, periodontitis

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