IEEE 802.11 MAC Protokolünün VANET ağlardaki performans modellemesi ve analizi

Year 2020, Volume: 35 Issue: 3, 1575 - 1588, 07.04.2020

Muhammet Ali Karabulut , A.f.m. Shahen Shah , Hacı İlhan

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.539985

Cited By: 1

Abstract

IEEE 802.11 standardı, araçlar arası
geçici ağlar (Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, VANETs) için ortam erişim kontrolü (Medium
Access Control, MAC) ve fiziksel (PHY) katmanının özelliklerini tanımlamaktadır.
IEEE 802.11 standardında, dağıtılmış koordinasyon işlevi (Distributed
Coordination Function, DCF) MAC katmanında kullanılan bir tekniktir. DCF,
ortama erişmek için çarpışmadan kaçınma ile taşıyıcı duyarlı çoklu erişim
(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance, CSMA/CA) tekniğini kullanmaktadır.
Ayrıca, gönderim isteği (Request To Send, RTS)/ gönderime uygun (Clear To Send,
CTS) mekanizması gizli araç düğümleri problemlerinin üstesinden gelmek için
kullanılır. Bu makalede, VANET ağlarda önerilen CSMA/CA tabanlı protokolün
performansını değerlendirmek için araç hızı, araç yoğunluğu, çekişme penceresi
(Contention Window) ve yeniden iletim limiti (Maximum Retransmision Limit) gibi
parametreleri dikkate alan Markov zincir modeline dayalı bir analitik model
önerilmiştir. Performans ölçüleri ve parametreleri arasındaki ilişki
incelenmiştir. Veri hızı, paket bırakma oranı (Packet Dropping Rate, PDR) ve
gecikme ifadeleri elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, benzetim sonuçları ile performans
analizi doğrulanmıştır. CSMA/CA ve RTS/CTS mekanizmalarının karşılaştırılması
sunulmuştur. 

Keywords

CSMA/CA, DCF, IEEE 802.11, MAC, Markov zincir modeli, RTS/CTS, VANETs

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