Geçici-afet-müdahale tesisleri yerleşimi için senaryo-tabanlı bir karar destek sistemi

Year 2021, Volume: 36 Issue: 3, 1499 - 1514, 24.05.2021

Fatih Çavdur , Aslı Sebatlı Sağlam , Merve Köse Küçük

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.685383

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Afet operasyonları yönetimi, belirsizlik ve zaman baskısı altında kaos ortamında gerçekleştirilmektedir. Dolayısıyla, karar verme süreçlerinde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin kullanılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, afet operasyonları yönetimindeki önemli problemlerden birisi olan yardım malzemesi dağıtımı amacıyla geçici-afet-müdahale tesisleri yerleşimi için bağımsız çalışabilen bir karar destek sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen karar destek sistemi; veri tabanı, karar mekanizması ve kullanıcı arayüzü olmak üzere üç ana kısımdan oluşmaktadır. Karar destek sistemi ile senaryo-tabanlı bir yaklaşım kullanılarak farklı afet-sonrası durumlarındaki olası belirsizlikleri dikkate alarak geçici-afet-müdahale tesisleri yerleşimi yapılabilmesi sağlanmaktadır. Böylelikle, afet operasyonları yöneticilerinin afet öncesinde ve esnasında kritik kararları almalarında yardımcı olacak farklı senaryoları oluşturmalarına ve sonuçlarını analiz etmelerine imkan sunulmaktadır. Senaryo tanımlama sürecinde, farklı etkilenen nüfus oranı ve planlama periyodu değerlerinin dikkate alınmasına ek olarak, çeşitli problem parametrelerinin kombinasyonundan oluşan model konfigürasyonları tanımlanmaktadır. Makale kapsamında sunulan örnek bir afet durumu ile uygulama yapılmış olmakla birlikte, sistemin esnekliği istenen sayıda farklı afet durumu için farklı senaryolar altında kullanılabilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Karar destek sisteminin kullanıcı-dostu arayüzü sayesinde çeşitli afet senaryoları için elde edilen sonuçlara ait raporlar kullanıcıya anlaşılır bir şekilde sunulmaktadır. Geliştirilen sistemin yardım malzemesi dağıtımı amacıyla geçici-afet-müdahale tesisleri yerleşiminde karar vericiler için kullanışlı bir araç olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

İnsani yardım lojistiği, tesis yerleşimi, yardım malzemesi dağıtımı, karar destek sistemleri, matematiksel programlama

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

115M020

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından 115M020 numaralı proje ile desteklenmiştir. Değerli katkılarından dolayı TÜBİTAK’a teşekkürlerimizi sunarız. Karar mekanizmasında kullanılan yazılımlara ilişkin akademik lisanslar Gurobi Optimization ve Maximal Software tarafından sağlanmıştır.

A scenario-based decision support system for allocating temporary-disaster-response facilities

Abstract

Disaster operations management is carried out in a chaotic environment under uncertainty and time pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to use information and communication technologies in the decision making processes. In this study, a standalone decision support system is developed for temporary-disaster-response facilities allocation for relief supplies distribution as one of the important problems in disaster operations management. The decision support system consists of three main components as its database, decision engine and user interface. It is noted that the decision support system allows decision makers to allocate temporary-disaster-response facilities under many different disaster situations by utilizing a scenario-based approach. Thus, disaster operations managers are given the opportunity to create different scenarios and analyze the results that will help them make critical decisions before and during the disaster. In the scenario definition process, in addition to taking into account different values of affected population rate and planning period, some model configurations consisting of the combinations of various problem parameters are also defined. Although it is illustrated with a specific example case in this paper, the flexibility of the system allows its users to consider other cases with different scenarios. Due to the user-friendly interface of the decision support system, reports of the results obtained for various disaster scenarios are presented to the user in an understandable way. The proposed system might be a useful tool to help decision makers in allocating temporary-disaster-response facilities for relief supplies distribution.

Keywords

Humanitarian logistics, facility allocation, relief supplies distribution, decision support systems, mathematical programming

Project Number

115M020

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