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Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 71 - 91, 31.12.2023

Nihal Zengin , Leyla Yekdane Tokman

Abstract

Toplumun en küçük yapı taşını aile oluşturmaktadır. Konut ise yerleşik düzende yaşayan ailenin sosyo-ekonomik faaliyetlerinin merkezidir. Konut aynı zamanda toplumun fiziksel düzeninin önemli bir parçasıdır. Toplu konut veya düşük/uygun fiyatlı konut üretimi hem az gelişmiş hem de gelişmiş ülkelerde barınma ihtiyacını karşılamakta sıklıkla kullanılan bir uygulamadır. Çünkü toplumun konut ihtiyacı karşılandığında yaşam kalitesinin artması beklenmektedir. Bu sebeple bu ülkelerde konut stokunun büyük bir bölümü de yine bu tür konutlardan oluşmaktadır. Bu araştırma makalesi, merkez hükümetin ve yerel yönetimlerin sürdürülebilir toplu konutu sürdürülebilir bir topluluğa entegre etmek için uygulayabilecekleri sosyal unsurları belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, makalede Tokat kentinde bulunan 4. Etap TOKİ Konutlarında emeklilere yönelik olarak yapılan konutların koşulları analiz edilerek sosyal sorunlara potansiyel çözümler sağlamak için sakinleri, konutları ve toplumu etkileyen sosyal faktörler vurgulanmıştır. Yöntem olarak sistematik bir literatür taraması yapılarak kavramsal çerçeve oluşturulmuş ve yerinde fotoğraflar çekilerek bulgular elde edilmiştir. Sonuçta, Tokat kentinde yapılan bu çalışma ile toplu konutların sosyal sorunları ortaya konarak sorunların çözümü için öneriler sıralanmıştır. Makalenin mevcuttaki toplu konutlarda sosyal ortamın iyileştirilmesi ve gelecekteki toplu konut projelerinde sosyal sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması için bir rehber niteliğinde olması hedeflenmektedir.

Keywords

sürdürülebilir toplu konut sürdürülebilir toplum sosyal sürdürülebilirlik toplu barınma TOKİ

References

  • Atanda, J. O. (2019). Developing a social sustainability assessment framework. Sustainable Cities and Society, 44, 237–252.
  • Azlitni, B. (2009). The Libyan architectural features between tradition and modernization. International Journal for Housing Science, 33, 137–148.
  • Belgasem, R. (1992). Kaalt Gomaa dream and reality. Elhandssy, 67–82.
  • Belgasem, R. (2007). Towards a sustainable housing development: A case of Libyan housing. International Journal for Housing Science, 31(3), 215–225, 2007. United States.
  • Bohl, C. C. (2000). New urbanism and the city: Potential applications and implications for distressed inner-city neighborhoods.
  • Bothwell, S. E., Gindroz, R., & Lang, R. E. (1998). Restoring community through traditional neighborhood design: A case study of Diggs Town public housing. Housing Policy Debate, 9(1), 89–114. Cole, R.; Larsson, K. GBC ’98 and GB tool. Build. Res. Inf. 1999, 27, 221–229.
  • Coley, R. L., Leventhal, T., Lynch, A. D., & Kull, M. (2013). Relations between housing characteristics and the well-being of low-income children and adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 49(9), 1775.
  • Cubbin, C., Egerter, S., Braveman, P., & Pedregon, V. (2008). Where we live matters for our health: Neighborhoods and health DETR. Building a Better Quality of life: Strategy for more Sustainable Construction; Eland House: London, UK, 2000.
  • Dreler, P., & Atlas, J. (1994). Public housing: What went wrong? Shelterforce.
  • Ellen, I. G., & Glied, S. (2015). Housing, neighborhoods, and children’s health. The Future of Children, 25(1), 135–153.
  • Evans, G. W., Wells, N. M., & Moch, A. (2003). Housing and mental health: A review of the evidence and a methodological and conceptual critique. Journal of Social Issues, 59(3), 475–500.
  • Gabril, N. (2014). Thermal comfort and building design strategies for low energy houses in Libya: Lessons from the vernacular architecture. Doctoral dissertation. University of Westminster.
  • Gavand, E.H. (1876). Chemin de fer Metropolitan de Constaninople au Chemin de fer Souterrain de Galata Pera dit Tunnel de Constantinople, Paris. https://archives.saltresearch.org/handle/123456789/116006 26.04.202
  • Gifford, R. (2007). The consequences of living in high-rise buildings. Architectural Science Review, 50, 1.
  • Halliday, S. (2008). Sustainable Construction; Butterworth Heinemann: London, UK,.
  • Hammad, N. (2006). The social function of the house. Tripoli University.
  • Hanlon, J. (2010). Success by design: HOPE VI, new urbanism, and the neoliberal transformation of public housing in the United States. Environment & Planning A, 42 (1), 80–98.
  • Hanlon, J. (2014). Fair housing policy and the abandonment of public housing desegregation. Housing Studies, 30(No. 1), 78–99.
  • Harraka, M. (2002). Bowling alone: The collapse and Revival of American community, by Robert D. Putnam. Journal of Catholic Education, 6(2).
  • Hecht, P. (2016). Weinberg commons: Building energy saving into affordable housing. Environmental and Energy Study Institute.
  • Hill, R.C.; Bowen, P.A. Sustainable construction: Principles and a framework for attainment. Construct. Manag. Econ. 1997, 15, 223–239.
  • Irish Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government., IDEHLG. (2007). Quality housing for sustainable communities, best practice guidelines for quality housing for sustainable communities delivering homes sustaining communities.
  • Jensen, E. (2009). Teaching with poverty in mind: What being poor does to kids’ brains and what schools can do about it. ASCD
  • Jonsson, P. (2013). Fair” housing or “social engineering”? HUD proposal stirs controversy. Christian Science Monitor.
  • Kibert, C.J. Sustainable Construction: Green Building Design and Delivery, 2nd ed.; John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2008.
  • Kim, G., & Kim, J. T. (2010). Healthy-daylighting design for the living environment in apartments in Korea. Building and Environment, 45(2), 287–294.
  • Leavitt, J. (1993). Women under fire: Public housing activism in Los Angeles. Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, 13(2), 109–130.
  • Marcal, K., & Fowler, P. J. (2015). Housing and child well-being (CSD research brief No. 15- 40). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.
  • Memarian, G. H., & Ranjbar-Kermani, A. M. (2011). Privacy of house in Islamic culture: A comparative study of pattern of privacy in houses in Kerman. Iran University of Science and Technology, 21(2), 69–77.
  • Miyatake, Y. Technology development and sustainable construction. J. Manag. Eng. 1996, 12, 23–27.
  • Mulliner, E., Smallbone, K., & Maliene, V. (2013). An assessment of sustainable housing affordability using a multiple criteria decision-making method. Omega, 41(2), 270–279.
  • NLIHC. (2020). Gap a shartage of affordable homes. The national low income housing coalition. Retrieved on May 13, 2021, from https://reports.nlihc.org/sites/default/ files/gap/Gap-Report_2020.pdf.
  • Oyebanji, A. O. (2014). Development of a framework for sustainable social housing provision (SSHP) in England. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at the University of Central Lancashire.
  • Oyebanji, A. O., Liyanage, C., & Akintoye, A. (2017). Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for achieving sustainable social housing (SSH). International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 6(1), 216–227.
  • Passell, A. (2013). Building the new urbanism: Places, professions, and profits in the American metropolitan landscape. Routledge.
  • Pattinaja, A. M., & Putuhena, F. J. (2010). Study on the requirements for sustainable settlement development for low-income community in Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 4(5), 78–84.
  • Queensland Department of Public Works (QDPW). (2008). Smart and sustainable home.
  • Sharafeddin, A. (2004). Planning criteria for neighborhood in Libya, case study public housing project in Tripoli Libya. ME. Libya: Tripoli University (Arabic).
  • Shawesh, A. M. (1996). Housing design and socio-cultural values in Libya: An investigation of traditional and contemporary housing.
  • Sweatt, L., Harding, C. G., Knight-Lynn, L., Rasheed, S., & Carter, P. (2002). Talking about the silent fear: Adolescents’ experiences of violence in an urban high-rise community. Adolescence, 37(145), 109.
  • UNCSD (2007). Indicators of Sustainable Development: Guidelines and methodologies. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/docume nts/guidelines.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 15.09.2023.
  • Von Hoffman, A. (1996). High ambitions: The past and future of American low-income housing policy. Housing Policy Debate, 7(3), 423–446.
  • URL1: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye%27de_emeklilik_sistemi Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL2: https://tokat.ktb.gov.tr/tr-60574/genel-bilgiler.html#:~:text=Tokat'%C4%B1n%20M.%C3%96.,beri%20yerle%C5%9Fime%20a%C3%A7%C4%B1k%20oldu%C4%9Funu%20g%C3%B6stermektedir. Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2023.
  • URL3: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokat_(il)#/media/Dosya:Latrans-Turkey_location_Tokat.svg Erişim Tarihi: 20.09.2023.
  • URL4: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi: 14.09.2023.
  • URL5: https://earth.google.com/ Erişim Tarihi:14.09.2023.
  • URL6: http://3dtasarimcizim.com/portfolio_page/toki-tokat/ Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL7: https://www.toki.gov.tr/haber/tokat-dedeli-de-436-konuta-iki-bin-214-basvuru-yapildi Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL8: http://toki.gov.tr/satis/tr/duyuru-detay/tokat-merkez-dedeli-mahallesi-436-adet-konut-148077214 Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL9: https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi:14.09.2023.
  • URL10: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636 Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023. URL11: https://woha.net/project/kampung-admiralty/ Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2023.
  • URL12: https://www.csc.gov.sg/articles/kampung-admiralty-building-for-all-ages -1120. Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL13: https://tokathalkotobusleri.com/hareket-saatleri Erişim Tarihi: 11.12.2023.
  • URL14: http://tunamuhendislik.org/projeler/tokat-dedeli/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.12.2023.
  • URL15: https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.12.2023.

The Impact of Housing on the Sustainability of Societies: A Case Study in Tokat

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 71 - 91, 31.12.2023

Nihal Zengin , Leyla Yekdane Tokman

Abstract

The smallest building block of society is the family. The house is the center of the socio-economic activities of the family living in a settled system. Housing is also an important part of the physical order of society. Mass housing or low/affordable housing production is a frequently used practice to meet the housing need in both underdeveloped and developed countries. Because it is expected that the quality of life will increase when the housing needs of the society are met. For this reason, a large part of the housing stock in these countries consists of this type of housing. This research paper aims to identify the social elements that the central government and local governments can implement to integrate sustainable public housing into a sustainable community. In this context, in the article, the conditions of the residences built for retirees in the 4th Stage TOKİ Residences in Tokat city are analyzed and the social factors affecting the residents, residences and society are emphasized in order to provide potential solutions to social problems. As a method, a conceptual framework was created by conducting a systematic literature review and findings were obtained by taking on-site photographs. As a result, in this study conducted in the city of Tokat, the social problems of public housing were revealed and suggestions were made to solve the problems. The article is intended to serve as a guide for improving the social environment in existing public housing and ensuring social sustainability in future mass housing projects.

Keywords

Sustainable mass housing Sustainable society Social sustainability Collective housing TOKİ.

References

  • Atanda, J. O. (2019). Developing a social sustainability assessment framework. Sustainable Cities and Society, 44, 237–252.
  • Azlitni, B. (2009). The Libyan architectural features between tradition and modernization. International Journal for Housing Science, 33, 137–148.
  • Belgasem, R. (1992). Kaalt Gomaa dream and reality. Elhandssy, 67–82.
  • Belgasem, R. (2007). Towards a sustainable housing development: A case of Libyan housing. International Journal for Housing Science, 31(3), 215–225, 2007. United States.
  • Bohl, C. C. (2000). New urbanism and the city: Potential applications and implications for distressed inner-city neighborhoods.
  • Bothwell, S. E., Gindroz, R., & Lang, R. E. (1998). Restoring community through traditional neighborhood design: A case study of Diggs Town public housing. Housing Policy Debate, 9(1), 89–114. Cole, R.; Larsson, K. GBC ’98 and GB tool. Build. Res. Inf. 1999, 27, 221–229.
  • Coley, R. L., Leventhal, T., Lynch, A. D., & Kull, M. (2013). Relations between housing characteristics and the well-being of low-income children and adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 49(9), 1775.
  • Cubbin, C., Egerter, S., Braveman, P., & Pedregon, V. (2008). Where we live matters for our health: Neighborhoods and health DETR. Building a Better Quality of life: Strategy for more Sustainable Construction; Eland House: London, UK, 2000.
  • Dreler, P., & Atlas, J. (1994). Public housing: What went wrong? Shelterforce.
  • Ellen, I. G., & Glied, S. (2015). Housing, neighborhoods, and children’s health. The Future of Children, 25(1), 135–153.
  • Evans, G. W., Wells, N. M., & Moch, A. (2003). Housing and mental health: A review of the evidence and a methodological and conceptual critique. Journal of Social Issues, 59(3), 475–500.
  • Gabril, N. (2014). Thermal comfort and building design strategies for low energy houses in Libya: Lessons from the vernacular architecture. Doctoral dissertation. University of Westminster.
  • Gavand, E.H. (1876). Chemin de fer Metropolitan de Constaninople au Chemin de fer Souterrain de Galata Pera dit Tunnel de Constantinople, Paris. https://archives.saltresearch.org/handle/123456789/116006 26.04.202
  • Gifford, R. (2007). The consequences of living in high-rise buildings. Architectural Science Review, 50, 1.
  • Halliday, S. (2008). Sustainable Construction; Butterworth Heinemann: London, UK,.
  • Hammad, N. (2006). The social function of the house. Tripoli University.
  • Hanlon, J. (2010). Success by design: HOPE VI, new urbanism, and the neoliberal transformation of public housing in the United States. Environment & Planning A, 42 (1), 80–98.
  • Hanlon, J. (2014). Fair housing policy and the abandonment of public housing desegregation. Housing Studies, 30(No. 1), 78–99.
  • Harraka, M. (2002). Bowling alone: The collapse and Revival of American community, by Robert D. Putnam. Journal of Catholic Education, 6(2).
  • Hecht, P. (2016). Weinberg commons: Building energy saving into affordable housing. Environmental and Energy Study Institute.
  • Hill, R.C.; Bowen, P.A. Sustainable construction: Principles and a framework for attainment. Construct. Manag. Econ. 1997, 15, 223–239.
  • Irish Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government., IDEHLG. (2007). Quality housing for sustainable communities, best practice guidelines for quality housing for sustainable communities delivering homes sustaining communities.
  • Jensen, E. (2009). Teaching with poverty in mind: What being poor does to kids’ brains and what schools can do about it. ASCD
  • Jonsson, P. (2013). Fair” housing or “social engineering”? HUD proposal stirs controversy. Christian Science Monitor.
  • Kibert, C.J. Sustainable Construction: Green Building Design and Delivery, 2nd ed.; John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2008.
  • Kim, G., & Kim, J. T. (2010). Healthy-daylighting design for the living environment in apartments in Korea. Building and Environment, 45(2), 287–294.
  • Leavitt, J. (1993). Women under fire: Public housing activism in Los Angeles. Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, 13(2), 109–130.
  • Marcal, K., & Fowler, P. J. (2015). Housing and child well-being (CSD research brief No. 15- 40). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.
  • Memarian, G. H., & Ranjbar-Kermani, A. M. (2011). Privacy of house in Islamic culture: A comparative study of pattern of privacy in houses in Kerman. Iran University of Science and Technology, 21(2), 69–77.
  • Miyatake, Y. Technology development and sustainable construction. J. Manag. Eng. 1996, 12, 23–27.
  • Mulliner, E., Smallbone, K., & Maliene, V. (2013). An assessment of sustainable housing affordability using a multiple criteria decision-making method. Omega, 41(2), 270–279.
  • NLIHC. (2020). Gap a shartage of affordable homes. The national low income housing coalition. Retrieved on May 13, 2021, from https://reports.nlihc.org/sites/default/ files/gap/Gap-Report_2020.pdf.
  • Oyebanji, A. O. (2014). Development of a framework for sustainable social housing provision (SSHP) in England. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at the University of Central Lancashire.
  • Oyebanji, A. O., Liyanage, C., & Akintoye, A. (2017). Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for achieving sustainable social housing (SSH). International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 6(1), 216–227.
  • Passell, A. (2013). Building the new urbanism: Places, professions, and profits in the American metropolitan landscape. Routledge.
  • Pattinaja, A. M., & Putuhena, F. J. (2010). Study on the requirements for sustainable settlement development for low-income community in Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 4(5), 78–84.
  • Queensland Department of Public Works (QDPW). (2008). Smart and sustainable home.
  • Sharafeddin, A. (2004). Planning criteria for neighborhood in Libya, case study public housing project in Tripoli Libya. ME. Libya: Tripoli University (Arabic).
  • Shawesh, A. M. (1996). Housing design and socio-cultural values in Libya: An investigation of traditional and contemporary housing.
  • Sweatt, L., Harding, C. G., Knight-Lynn, L., Rasheed, S., & Carter, P. (2002). Talking about the silent fear: Adolescents’ experiences of violence in an urban high-rise community. Adolescence, 37(145), 109.
  • UNCSD (2007). Indicators of Sustainable Development: Guidelines and methodologies. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/docume nts/guidelines.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 15.09.2023.
  • Von Hoffman, A. (1996). High ambitions: The past and future of American low-income housing policy. Housing Policy Debate, 7(3), 423–446.
  • URL1: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye%27de_emeklilik_sistemi Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL2: https://tokat.ktb.gov.tr/tr-60574/genel-bilgiler.html#:~:text=Tokat'%C4%B1n%20M.%C3%96.,beri%20yerle%C5%9Fime%20a%C3%A7%C4%B1k%20oldu%C4%9Funu%20g%C3%B6stermektedir. Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2023.
  • URL3: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokat_(il)#/media/Dosya:Latrans-Turkey_location_Tokat.svg Erişim Tarihi: 20.09.2023.
  • URL4: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi: 14.09.2023.
  • URL5: https://earth.google.com/ Erişim Tarihi:14.09.2023.
  • URL6: http://3dtasarimcizim.com/portfolio_page/toki-tokat/ Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL7: https://www.toki.gov.tr/haber/tokat-dedeli-de-436-konuta-iki-bin-214-basvuru-yapildi Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL8: http://toki.gov.tr/satis/tr/duyuru-detay/tokat-merkez-dedeli-mahallesi-436-adet-konut-148077214 Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL9: https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi:14.09.2023.
  • URL10: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636 Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023. URL11: https://woha.net/project/kampung-admiralty/ Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2023.
  • URL12: https://www.csc.gov.sg/articles/kampung-admiralty-building-for-all-ages -1120. Erişim Tarihi: 17.08.2023.
  • URL13: https://tokathalkotobusleri.com/hareket-saatleri Erişim Tarihi: 11.12.2023.
  • URL14: http://tunamuhendislik.org/projeler/tokat-dedeli/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.12.2023.
  • URL15: https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.12.2023.
There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Information Security Management, Information Modelling, Management and Ontologies
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Nihal Zengin

Leyla Yekdane Tokman 0000-0002-8293-0871

Early Pub Date December 28, 2023
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date October 22, 2023
Acceptance Date December 18, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Zengin, N., & Tokman, L. Y. (2023). Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, 12(3), 71-91.
AMA Zengin N, Tokman LY. Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması. GBAD. December 2023;12(3):71-91.
Chicago Zengin, Nihal, and Leyla Yekdane Tokman. “Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması”. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi 12, no. 3 (December 2023): 71-91.
EndNote Zengin N, Tokman LY (December 1, 2023) Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi 12 3 71–91.
IEEE N. Zengin and L. Y. Tokman, “Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması”, GBAD, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 71–91, 2023.
ISNAD Zengin, Nihal - Tokman, Leyla Yekdane. “Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması”. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi 12/3 (December 2023), 71-91.
JAMA Zengin N, Tokman LY. Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması. GBAD. 2023;12:71–91.
MLA Zengin, Nihal and Leyla Yekdane Tokman. “Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması”. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, 2023, pp. 71-91.
Vancouver Zengin N, Tokman LY. Toplumların Sürdürülebilirliğinde Konutun Etkisi: Tokat’ta Bir Alan Çalışması. GBAD. 2023;12(3):71-9.
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