Belarus-Poland Migration Crisis and Supra-National Political Concerns of the Extended Actors

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 417 - 440, 30.11.2022

Zahide Erdoğan , Zuhal Karakoç Dora

https://doi.org/10.28956/gbd.1119842

Abstract

This study seeks to examine the sociological, political, and humanitarian dimensions of the Belarus-Poland migration crisis and aims to discuss the differences between migration diplomacy and state-organized-engineered migration within the framework of the instrumentalization and weaponization of migrants. Statements made by EU authorities about the Belarus-Poland migration problem, sanctions, and measures implemented are investigated to evaluate the EU’s approach. Furthermore, in order to comprehend Belarus’ perspective, Lukashenko’s statements and press coverage of the incident are scrutinized. Theoretically, while following a descriptive analysis method, the article considers how Belarus-Poland border issue has given rise to a great deal of media interest due to Belarus’s balance and interest-oriented policies oscillating between the former Soviet world and the West and argues how Russia brought a global dimension to the issue as a result of its historical political pursuits. Finally, it concludes that the migration crisis between Belarus and Poland is not a simple crisis that concerns two countries, if anything, it is a reflection and precursor of multi-actor global politics serving different purposes in the region.

Keywords

Migration diplomacy, Legitimacy, Coercive-state organized migration, Russia, Belarus, the EU

Belarus-Polonya Göç Krizi ve Genişletilmiş Aktörlerin Uluslarüstü Siyasi Kaygıları

Abstract

Bu çalışma; Belarus-Polonya göç krizinin sosyolojik, politik ve insani boyutlarını incelemeyi, göçmenlerin araçsallaştırılması ve silah hâline gelmesi çerçevesinde göç diplomasisi ile devlet eliyle tasarlanmış-manipüle edilmiş göç arasındaki farkları tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. AB yetkilileri tarafından Belarus-Polonya göç sorununa ilişkin olarak yapılan açıklamalar, uygulanan yaptırımlar ve alınan önlemler AB'nin yaklaşımını ele almak üzere araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca Belarus'un bakış açısını anlamak için Lukashenko'nun açıklamaları ve olayla ilgili basında çıkan haberler irdelenmiştir. Teorik olarak betimsel bir analiz yöntemi izlenirken bu makale Belarus’un eski Sovyet dünyası ile Batı arasında gidip gelen denge ve çıkar odaklı politikaları nedeniyle Belarus-Polonya sınır sorununun medyada nasıl popülerlik kazandığını ele almakta ve Rusya'nın tarihsel siyasi arayışlarının bir sonucu olarak konuya nasıl küresel bir boyut kazandırdığını tartışmaktadır. Son olarak bu çalışmada, Belarus ve Polonya arasındaki göç krizinin iki ülkeyi ilgilendiren basit bir kriz olmadığı ancak bölgede farklı amaçlara hizmet eden çok aktörlü küresel politikaların bir yansıması ve öncüsü olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Göç diplomasisi, Meşruiyet, Zorlayıcı-devlet tarafından tasarlanmış göç, Rusya, Belarus, AB

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