Investigation of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms and Associated Factors in Children with Cerebral Palsy in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Parents' Perceived Social Support, Depression and Corona Anxiety

Year 2022, , 512 - 519, 29.10.2022

Ahmet Özaslan , Pınar Özbudak , Şefika Nurhüda Karaca Cengiz , Bahadır Geniş , Elvan İşeri

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1137570

Abstract

Objective:
There is little research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children with cerebral palsy (CP). The primary aim of this study is to determine the level of anxiety and depression in children with CP during the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary aim is to examine the relationship between perceived social support, depression and COVID-19 anxiety levels of parents of children with CP and anxiety and depression symptoms in children with CP.
Material and Methods:
Data were gathered by snowball sampling method using an online survey. Depression and anxiety levels of children with CP were evaluated via Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Parent (RCADS-P). Depression, corona anxiety, and perceived social support levels of parents of children with CP were evaluated with Beck Depression Scale for Primary Care, Corona Anxiety Scale (CAS), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, respectively. The Pearson correlation test was employed to assess whether or not there was an interconnection amongst continuous variables and different independent samples under consideration. Total Anxiety Scale, Major Depressive Disorder and Total Internalizing Scale sub-dimension scores of the RCADS-P were evaluated as dependent variables according to the groups in the multiple linear regression analysis.
Results:
The sample covered 102 children (61, %59.8 boys) with CP and their parents (67, %65.8 mothers). Predictors of the anxiety symptoms of children with CP, in order of importance, were the parents’ corona anxiety total score (β=0.324, p=0.003) and the parents’ depression total score (β=0.266, p=0.025). Only the parent’ CAS total score predicted the depressive symptoms of children with CP (β=0.365, p=0.001).
Conclusion:
Coronavirus anxiety of the parents was found to be the strongest predictor of anxiety and depression symptoms in children with CP. These results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the mental health needs of both children with CP and their parents.

Keywords

cerebral palsy, anxiety, depression, COVID-19, children, parents

COVID-19 Pandemisinde Serebral Palsili Çocuklarda Depresyon ve Anksiyete Belirtileri ve İlişkili Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Ebeveynlerin Algılanan Sosyal Destek, Depresyon ve Korona Kaygısı Düzeyleri

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisinin Serebral palsili (SP) çocukların ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi hakkında çok az araştırma bulunmaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisinin SP’li çocukların ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi hakkında çok az araştırma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın birincil amacı, COVID-19 pandemisinde SP'li çocuklarda anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmanın ikincil amacı ise SP’li çocukların ebeveynlerinin algılanan sosyal destek, depresyon ve COVID-19 anksiyetesi düzeyleriyle SP’li çocuklardaki anksiyete ve depresyon belirtileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
Veriler kartopu örneklem yöntemiyle çevrimiçi anketler kullanılarak toplanmıştır. SP'li çocukların depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri Çocuklarda Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği-Yenilenmiş Ebeveyn formuyla (ÇADÖ-YE) değerlendirilmiştir. SP'li çocukların ebeveynlerinin depresyon, korona kaygısı ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyleri sırasıyla Birinci Basamak İçin Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Corona Anksiyete Ölçeği (KAÖ) ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sürekli değişkenler ve incelenen farklı bağımsız örnekler arasında bir bağlantı olup olmadığını değerlendirmek için Pearson korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizinde, ÇADÖ-YE’nin Toplam Kaygı, Majör Depresif Bozukluk ve Toplam İçselleştirme Ölçeği alt boyut puanları gruplara göre bağımlı değişken olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular:
Örneklemi SP'li 102 çocuk (61, %59.8 erkek) ve ebeveynleri (67, %65.8 anne) oluşturmuştur.
SP'li çocukların anksiyete belirtilerinin yordayıcıları önem sırasına göre ebeveynlerin korona kaygısı toplam puanı (β=0.324, p=0.003) ve ebeveynlerin depresyon toplam puanı (β=0.266, p=0.025) olmuştur. CP’li çocuklardaki depresif belirtileri yalnızca ebeveynin KAÖ toplam puanı yordamıştır (β=0.365, p=0.001).
Sonuç:
Ebeveynlerin koronavirüs kaygısının, SP'li çocuklarda anksiyete ve depresyon belirtilerinin en güçlü yordayıcısı olduğu bulundu. Bu sonuçlar, COVID-19 pandemisinin hem SP'li çocukların hem de ebeveynlerinin ruh sağlığı ihtiyaçlarını artırdığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

serebral palsi, anksiyete, depresyon, COVID-19, çocuklar, ebeveynler

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