Üreme Çağındaki Kadınların Genital Hijyeni Sürdürmedeki Olanakları ve Genital Hijyen Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi

Year 2023, , 517 - 522, 25.10.2023

Neslihan Yılmaz Sezer , Menekşe Nazlı Aker

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1300803

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma üreme çağındaki kadınların genital hijyeni sürdürmedeki olanakları ve genital hijyen davranışlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırma bir üniversite hastanesinin jinekoloji polikliniğe başvuran 301 kadın ile Ağustos- Ekim 2022 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Genital Hijyen Davranışları Envanteri (GHDE) ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların GHDE puan ortalamaları; Hijyen Alışkanlıkları 50,30±5,10, Adet Hijyeni 33,96±4,32, Anormal Bulgu Farkındalığı 12,56±2,28, GHBS toplam puan 96,82±9,04 olarak saptanmıştır. İlköğretim düzeyinde öğrenime sahip olan, geniş ailede yaşayan, gelir getiren bir işte çalışmayan, genital hijyen eğitimi almayan, genital hijyen bilgisini yetersiz bulan, genital hijyen ürünlerini almakta maddi olarak zorlanan ve utanan, menstural kan sızıntısı korkusu yaşayan, kıyafete kan sızma kazası yaşayan kadınların GHDE puan ortalamaları daha düşük bulunmuştur (p<.05). Kadınların %97,7’sinin adet hijyeni için en sık kullandığı ürün hijyenik ped iken; %,7’si yıkanabilir ped, %,7’si eski giysiler, %,3’ü yıkanabilir adet külodu, %,3’ü pamuk, %,3’ü tuvalet kağıdı kullandığını bildirmiştir. Kadınların hepsinin hijyenik pedi, %37,9’unun vajinal tamponu, %27,2’sinin yıkanabilir pedi, %26,2’sinin yıkanabilir adet külodunu, %15,3’ünün menstrüel kabı, %6’sının menstrüel diski bildiği belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırmamızda kadınların genital hijyen davranış puan ortalamaları iyi görünmekle birlikte bazı özellikli grupların genital hijyen davranışları puanının düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kadınların sürdürülebilir hijyenik ürünler hakkında yeterince bilgi sahibi olmadıkları belirlenmiştir. Hemşire ve ebelerin bakım verdikleri kadınların genital hijyen davranışlarını değerlendirmeleri, eksik ya da hatalı uygulamalar konusunda bilgilendirme ve danışmanlık yapmaları kadın sağlığının korunması ve yükseltilmesi bakımından oldukça önemlidir.

Keywords

Hijyen, Menstrüel Hijyen Ürünleri, Üreme dönemi, Üreme organları

Determining the Facilities for Maintaining Genital Hygiene and Genital Hygiene Behaviors among Women of Reproductive Age

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to determine facilities for maintaining genital hygiene and genital hygiene behaviors among women of reproductive age.
Materials and methods:This descriptive study was conducted with 301 women who presented to the gynecology outpatient clinic of a university hospital between August and October 2022. The study data were collected using a descriptive information form and the Genital Hygiene Behavior Scale(GHBS).
Results:Participants' mean scores were found as 50.30±5.10 on the hygiene habits sub-dimension, 33.96±4.32 on the menstrual hygiene sub-dimension, 12.56±2.28 on the abnormal finding awareness sub-dimension, and 96.82±9.04 on the total GHBS. The mean GHBS scores of women who had primary education, lived in a large family, did not work in a paid job, had not received genital hygiene education, found their genital hygiene knowledge inadequate, had financial difficulties and felt embarrassed when purchasing genital hygiene products, had a fear of menstrual blood leakage, and experienced blood leakage accidents were lower (p<.05). While the most frequently used product for menstrual hygiene by 97.7% of women was sanitary pads, they also reported using washable pads (.7%), old clothes (.7%), washable period underwear (.3%), cotton (.3%), and toilet paper (.3%). It was determined that all of the women knew sanitary pads, 37.9% vaginal tampons, 27.2% washable pads, 26.2% washable period underwear, 15.3% menstrual cups, and 6% menstrual discs.
Conclusion: In our study, although the mean scores of participants on genital hygiene behavior looked good, it was determined that the scores of some featured groups were low. In addition, it was determined that women did not have enough knowledge about sustainable hygienic products. Nurses and midwives should evaluate the genital hygiene behavior of the women who they provide care for and inform and provide them with counseling about deficient or faulty practices in terms of protecting and promoting their health.

Keywords

Menstrual Hygiene Products, Hygiene, Reproductive Period, Genitalia

References

• Rostami MN, Rashidi BH, Habibi A, Nazari R, Dolati M. Genital infections and reproductive complications associated with Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Streptococcus agalactiae in women of Qom, central Iran. International Journal of Reproductive Biomedicine. 2017;15(6):357.
• Sevil S, Kevser O, Aleattin U, Dilek A, Tijen N. An evaluation of the relationship between genital hygiene practices, genital infection. Gynecol Obstet. 2013;3(6):1-5.
• Calik KY, Erkaya R, Gülnur İ, Yildiz NK. Genital hygiene behaviors of women and their effect on vaginal infections. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2020;10(3):210-6
• Koştu N, Beydağ KD. Genital hygiene practices of women who present to a gynecology clinic. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2009;12(2):105-10.
• Daşıkan Z, Kılıç B, Baytok C, Kocairi H, Kuzu S. The genital hygiene practices of women who have genital discharge gynecology outpatient clinic. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences. 2015;4(1):113-24.
• Öner S, Demirhindi H, Erdoğan Ş, Tuncer İ, Şaşmaz T, Sütoluk Z, et al. Doğankent Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesinde 15-49 yaş arası kadınlarda genital enfeksiyon prevelansı. MEÜ Tıp Fak Derg. 2004;5(2):138-44.
• Yuttaş Akar ÇB. Prevalence of vagınıtıs among 15-49 age women regıstered ın a famıly health center. J Midwifery and Health Sci. 2020;3(2):100-14.
• Chen Y, Bruning E, Rubino J, Eder SE. Role of female intimate hygiene in vulvovaginal health: Global hygiene practices and product usage. Women's Health. 2017;13(3):58-67.
• Hamed A. The impact of genital hygiene practices on the occurrence of vaginal infection and the development of a nursing fact sheet as prevention massage for vulnerable women. IOSR-JNHS. 2015;4(6):55-64.
• Umami A, Paulik E, Molnár R, Bhisma M. The relationship between genital hygiene behaviors and genital infections among women: A systematic review. Jurnal Ners. 2022;17(1):89-101.
• Karahan N. Development of a Genital Hygiene Behavior Scale: validity and reliability study. İstanbul Medical Journal. 2017;18(3).
• Tabachnick B, Fidell L. Using Multivariate Statistics (ed., Vol. 6). Boston, Amerika. USA: Pearson Education, Inc; 2013.
• Mallery P, George D. SPSS for windows step by step: Allyn & Bacon, Inc.; 2000.
• Gözüyeşil E. Investigation of genital hygiene behavior: An example of slum area. Ortadogu Medical Journal. 2020;12(2):186-93.
• Sevinç N, Korkut B, OB. Genital hygiene behavior and quality of sexual life in married women of reproductive age. Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty. 2021;18(2):256-61.
• Karadeniz H, Ozturk, Ertem G. Analysis of genital hygiene behaviors of women who applied to women's ıllnesses and birth policlinic. Erciyes Medical Journal. 2019;41(4):402-9.
• Apay SE, Özdemir F, Nazik E, Potur DC, Hadımlı A, Tanrıverdi D, et al. Determination of the genital hygiene behaviours of women in seven different provinces: a multicentred cross-sectional study. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2014;17(4):245-52.
• Kurt Durmuş M, Zengin N. Investigation of genital hygiene behaviors of women. J Health Pro Res. 2020;2(3):113-20.
• Adıbelli D, Kılınç NÖ, Akpak YK, Kılıç D. Genital hygiene behaviors and associated factors in women living in rural areas of Turkey. Elective Medicine Journal. 2014;2(3):210-4.
• Cemek F, Odabaş D, Şenel Ü, Kocaman AT. Personal hygiene and vulvovaginitis in prepubertal children. Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology. 2016;29(3):223-7.
• Uzun A, Öztürk GZ, Aksu SB. Evaluation of the genital hygiene behavior and related factors of women aged 15-49. Eurasian Journal of Family Medicine. 2022.
• Beksinska ME, Smit J, Greener R, Todd CS, Lee M-lT, Maphumulo V, et al. Acceptability and performance of the menstrual cup in South Africa: a randomized crossover trial comparing the menstrual cup to tampons or sanitary pads. Journal of Women's Health. 2015;24(2):151-8.
• Madziyire MG, Magure TM, Madziwa CF. Menstrual cups as a menstrual management method for low socioeconomic status women and girls in Zimbabwe: a pilot study. Women's Reproductive Health. 2018;5(1):59-65.
• Van Eijk AM, Jayasinghe N, Zulaika G, Mason L, Sivakami M, Unger HW, et al. Exploring menstrual products: A systematic review and meta-analysis of reusable menstrual pads for public health internationally. PloS one. 2021;16(9):e0257610.
• Yuliana F, Aprilina HD. The CENAME (Menstrual Panties). Proceedings Series on Health & Medical Sciences. 2021;2:226-30.
• Kaur N, Bedi SP. Comparison of menstrual attitudes among active and inactive female university students. Age (yrs). 2019;21:21.06.