COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE TÜRK ÇOCUKLARINDA D VİTAMİNİ DURUMU; TEK MERKEZ DENEYİMİ

Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 4, 390 - 393, 31.08.2023

Betül Orhan Kılıç , Serhat Kılıç , Eylem Gül Ateş

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1212464

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19 ile ilgili karantina, çocukların güneş ışığına maruz kalma oranını azaltmıştır ve çocuklar 25-hidroksivitamin D [25(OH)D] eksikliğine karşı duyarlı hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, pandeminin ilk yılında ve pandemi öncesi 2 yıl süresince bakılmış 25(OH)D düzeylerini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 2018 Ekim–2020 Mart tarihleri arasında eşdeğer sağlık kontrolü yaptıran çocuklar dahil edilmiştir ve D vitamini bakılma tarihine göre; 2018 Ekim -2019 Mart (Grup 1), 2019 Ekim ve 2020 Mart (Grup 2), 2020 Ekim ve 2021 Mart (Grup 3) olarak kategorize edilmiştir. Grup 1, 2 ve 3'te çocukların 25(OH)D düzeyleri ile D vitamini eksikliği oranlarını karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çocukların pandemi süresince pandemi öncesi yıllara kıyasla ortalama 25(OH)D düzeylerinin COVID-19 sırasında daha düşük olduğunu bulunmuştur(p=0,039). Çalışmada, 0-1 yaş ve 4-7 yaş grubu çocuklarda 25(OH)D eksikliği oranın pandemi öncesi döneme kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (p= 0.013, p=0.011). Sonuç: 4-7 yaş arası çocuklar arasında daha düşük 25(OH)D seviyeleri, karantina sırasında azalan güneşlenme süresi ile ilişkilidir. Ancak 25(OH)D eksikliğinin bebeklerde görülme oranlarının artması endişe vericidir.

Keywords

COVID-19, child, vitamin D, confinement, deficiency, çocuk, D vitamini, karantina, eksiklik

Supporting Institution

Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp ve Sağlık Bilimleri Araştırması

Project Number

KA21/191

Thanks

Tüm hastalarıma ve kurumuma teşekkür ediyorum.

Vitamin D Status in Turkish Children During the Covid-19 Pandemic; A Single Center Experience

Abstract

Objective: COVID-19-related lockdown decreased the children's exposure to sunlight, and they were susceptible to 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency. The present study aimed to examine the 25(OH)D levels 2 years before and during the first year of the pandemic. Materials and Methods: This study included children who underwent health checks between the equivalent period during 2018 October–2020 March, and they were categorized according to the date vitamin D was checked; 2018 October -2019 March (Group 1), 2019 October and 2020 March (Group 2), 2020 October, and 2021 March (Group 3). We compared the children’s 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D deficiency rates between Groups 1, 2, and 3. Results: We found that the mean of the children's 25(OH)D levels was lower during COVID-19 than in the last two years before the pandemic (p=0.039). The present study showed that the rates of 25(OH)D deficiencies among ages 0-1, and 4-7 were higher during the pandemic than before (p= 0.013, p=0.011). Conclusion: Reduced sunbathing time during confinement is associated with lower 25(OH)D levels among children aged 4–7. Although increased rates of 25(OH)D deficiency in infants are worrying.

Keywords

COVID-19, child, vitamin D, confinement, deficiency, çocuk, D vitamini, karantina, eksiklik

Project Number

KA21/191

References

• World Health Organızatıon (2020). Who Announces Covıd-19 Outbreak A Pandemic. Retrieved it from https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/ situations/covid-19.
• Saponaro, F., Saba, A., & Zucchi, R. (2020). An Update on Vitamin D Metabolism. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(18), 6573. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186573
• Holick M. F. (2004). Vitamin D: important in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. The American Journal of clinical nutrition, 79(3), 362–371. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/79.3.362
• Munns, C. F., Shaw, N., Kiely, M., Specker, B. L., Thacher, T. D., Ozono, K., Michigami, T., Tiosano, D., Mughal, M. Z., Mäkitie, O., Ramos-Abad, L., Ward, L., DiMeglio, L. A., Atapattu, N., Cassinelli, H., Braegger, C., Pettifor, J. M., Seth, A., Idris, H. W., Bhatia, V., … Högler, W. (2016). Global Consensus Recommendations on Prevention and Management of Nutritional Rickets. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and Metabolism, 101(2), 394–415. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2175
• Ye Wz, Reıs Af, Duboıs-Laforgue D, Bellanne-Chantelot C, Tımsıt J, Velho G (2001). Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated With Obesity İn Type 2 Diabetic Subjects With Early Age Of Onset. Eur J Endocrinol, 145: 181- 186.
• Saggese G, Vıerucci F, Boot Am, Czech-Kowalska J, Weber G, Camargo Ca, Mallet E, Fanos M, Shaw Jn, Holick Mf (2015). Vitamin D İn Childhood And Adolescence: An Expert Position Statement. Eur J Pediatr,174565-576.
• Lippi, G., Ferrari, A., & Targher, G. (2021). Is COVID-19 lockdown associated with vitamin D deficiency? European Journal of public health, 31(2), 278–279. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab004.
• Meoli, M., Muggli, F., Lava, S., Bianchetti, M. G., Agostoni, C., Kocher, C., Bührer, T. W., Ciliberti, L., Simonetti, G. D., & Milani, G. P. (2021). Vitamin D Status in Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study. Nutrients, 13(5), 1467. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051467
• Yu L, Ke HJ, Che D, Luo SL, Guo Y, Wu JL. Effect of Pandemic-Related Confinement on Vitamin D Status Among Children Aged 0-6 Years in Guangzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Health Policy. 2020 Nov 19;13:2669-2675. Doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S282495. PMID: 33239928; PMCID: PMC7682604.
• Rustecka A, Maret J, Drab A, Leszczyńska M, Tomaszewska A, Lipińska-Opałka A, Będzichowska A, Kalicki B, Kubiak JZ. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic during 2020–2021 on the Vitamin D Serum Levels in the Paediatric Population in Warsaw, Poland. Nutrients. 2021; 13(6):1990. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061990
• Wong RS, Tung KTS, So H-K, Wong WHS, Wong SY, Tsang HW, Tung JYL, Chua GT, Ho MHK, Wong ICK, Ip P. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Level among Infants and Toddlers: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis and before-and-after Comparison. Nutrients. 2021; 13(4):1270. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041270.
• Yılmaz, K., & Şen, V. (2020). Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for COVID-19 in children? Pediatric pulmonology, 55(12), 3595–3601. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.25106
• Panfili, F.M., Roversi, M., D’Argenio, P. et al. Possible Role of Vitamin D in COVID-19 Infection in Pediatric Population. J Endocrinol Invest 44, 27–35 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-020-01327-0