Tlos Tiyatro Tapınağı’ndan İki Yeni Yazıt

Year 2023, , 139 - 171, 16.05.2023

Taner Korkut , M. Ertan Yıldız , Ş. Recai Tekoğlu

https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1276831

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu makalede Tlos’un tiyatro tapınağı ve bu tapınağın duvarlarına kazınan iki yazıt tanıtılmaktadır. Tapınak, Tlos tiyatrosunun summa caveasının orta aksına inşa edilmiştir. Tapınağın cephe düzenlemesi doğuya bakmaktadır. Tapınağın batıya bakan duvarına MÖ 1. yüzyılın 2. yarısına tarihlenen bir kitabe kazınmıştır. Bu yazıta göre Aithon, altından bir çelengi Apollon ve demosa adamıştır. Böylece tapınağın Apollon’a ait olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Yazıtta Aithon’un astikos demosundan olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bu yüzden Tlos’ta bulunan ve demos ismi veren yazıtlara makalede yer verilmiştir. Demos ismi veren yazıtların tamamı Hellenistik Dönem’e tarihlenmektedir. Erken İmparatorluk Dönemi’nden itibaren artık yazıtlarda demos ismine rastlanmamaktadır. Ayrıca bu yazıtların tamamı kent merkezinde bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle söz konusu demoslar kent yerleşim planında topografik olarak bir vatandaş bölümlenmesine işaret ediyor olmalıdır. Apollon Tapınağı’nın güneydoğu duvarına kazınan 2. yazıt ise bir astragal yazıtıdır. Bu yazıtın temel işlevi yolculuğa çıkacaklara ya da seyehatte olanlara yönelik kehanet vermektir. Bu vezinli kehanet yazıtı 56 kıtadan oluşmaktadır. Fakat burada tanıtılan yazıt günümüze tam olarak ulaşamamıştır. Sadece 25 kıtasına ait dizeler fragman şeklinde günümüze kalmıştır.
1. yazıtın çevirisi şöyledir:
Polemon’un oğlu, astikos (demosundan) Aithon, gymnasiarkhos ve agonothetes olduktan sonra bu altından çelengi Apollon ve demosa adak olarak sundu.

Keywords

Lykia, Tlos, demos, Tiyatro Tapınağı, zar kehaneti (astragal) yazıtı

Thanks

Prof. Dr. Fatih ONUR'a teşekkür edeiz

Zwei neue Inschriften aus dem Theatertempel von Tlos

Abstract

This article presents the theatre temple of Tlos and two inscriptions carved on the walls of this temple. The temple was built on the central axis of the summa cavea of the Tlos theatre. The façade of the temple faces east. An inscription dated to the 2nd half of the 1st century BC was carved on the west-facing wall of the temple. According to this inscription, Aithon dedicated a golden wreath to Apollo and Demos. Thus, it is understood that the temple belonged to Apollo. The inscription states that Aithon belonged to the astikos demos. For this reason, some interpretations of the inscriptions found in Tlos and containing the names of demoi are included in the paper. All of such inscriptions are dated to the Hellenistic Period. From the Early Imperial Period onwards, demos names are no longer found in the inscriptions. In addition, all of these inscriptions were found in the city centre. Therefore, these demoi indicate a topographical division of citizens in the city settlement plan. The second inscription carved on the southeast wall of the Apollo temple is an astragal inscription. The main function of this inscription is to give a prophecy for those who are going on a journey or travelling. This prophecy inscription consists of 56 stanzas. However, the inscription presented here has not survived as a whole. Only the verses of 25 of these stanzas have survived as fragments.
The translation of the 1st inscription is as follows:
Aithon, son of Polemon, of the astikos (demos), after becoming gymnasiarkhos and agonothetes, offered this golden wreath as an offering to Apollo and the demos.

Keywords

Lycia, Tlos, Theatertempel, Inschriften

Two New Inscriptions from the Theatre Temple of Tlos

Abstract

This article presents the theatre temple of Tlos and two inscriptions carved on the walls of this temple. The temple was built on the central axis of the summa cavea of the Tlos theatre. The façade of the temple faces east. An inscription dated to the 2nd half of the 1st century BC was carved on the west-facing wall of the temple. According to this inscription, Aithon dedicated a golden wreath to Apollo and Demos. Thus, it is understood that the temple belonged to Apollo. The inscription states that Aithon belonged to the astikos demos. For this reason, some interpretations of the inscriptions found in Tlos and containing the names of demoi are included in the paper. All of such inscriptions are dated to the Hellenistic Period. From the Early Imperial Period onwards, demos names are no longer found in the inscriptions. In addition, all of these inscriptions were found in the city centre. Therefore, these demoi indicate a topographical division of citizens in the city settlement plan. The second inscription carved on the southeast wall of the Apollo temple is an astragal inscription. The main function of this inscription is to give a prophecy for those who are going on a journey or travelling. This prophecy inscription consists of 56 stanzas. However, the inscription presented here has not survived as a whole. Only the verses of 25 of these stanzas have survived as fragments.
The translation of the 1st inscription is as follows:
Aithon, son of Polemon, of the astikos (demos), after becoming gymnasiarkhos and agonothetes, offered this golden wreath as an offering to Apollo and the demos.

Keywords

Lycia, Tlos, demos, theater temple, astragal inscription

References

• P. Baker – G. Thériault, Les Lyciens, Xanthos et Rome dans la première moitié du Ier s. a.C.: nouvelles inscriptions, REG 118, 2005, 329-366.
• J. Bousquet – Ph. Gauthier, Inscriptions du Létôon de Xanthos, REG 107, 1994, 319-361.
• T. Korkut, Stadtgeschichte und urbanistische Entwicklung von Tlos in Lykien, in: T. Korkut (ed.), Festschrift für Heide Froning/Studies in Honour of Heide Froning, İstanbul 2018, 165-183.
• T. Korkut – B. Özdemir, Mimari Detaylarıyla Tlos Antik Kenti Tiyatrosu, in: V. Keleş – H. Kasapoğlu – H. E. Ergürer – E. Çelikbaş – A. Yılmaz (eds.), Cevat Başaran’a 60. Yaş Armağanı/Essays for Cevat Başaran’s 60th Birthday Occasion, İstanbul 2019, 797-818.
• T. Korkut – Ç. Uygun – B. Özdemir, The Theater-Temple at Tlos: An Oracle Center of Apollo, in: R. Amedick – H. Froning – W. Held (eds.), Marburger Winckelmann-Programm 2020-2022, Marburg 2022, 31-52.
• U. Kunnert, Bürger unter sich. Phylen in den Städten des kaiserzeitlichen Ostens, Basel 2012.
• L. Robert, Sur des inscriptions de Délos, BCH Suppl. 1 (Études Déliennes), Athen-Paris 1973, 435-489.
• Ch. Schuler, Griechische Personennamen in Lykien. Einige Fallstudien, in: R. W. V. Catling – F. Marchand (eds.), Onomatologos: Studies in Greek Personal Names presented to Elaine Matthews, Oxford 2010, 552-566.
• G. Staab, Zwei neue Würfelorakel aus Lykien: Mit einem Anhang zum Alphabetorakel aus Oinoanda, Epigr Anat 51, 2018, 81-90.
• Ş. R. Tekoğlu – T. Korkut, Activities of Euergesia from the Ancient City of Tlos, in: Philantropy in Anatolia trough the Ages, The First International Suna & İnan Kıraç Symposium on Mediterranean Civilizations, Antalya 26-29 Mart 2019, 2020, 97-109.
• Ş. R. Tekoğlu – M. E. Yıldız, The Inscriptions from the Basilica II, in: T. Korkut – S. Urano (eds.), The City Basilica of Tlos, Koç University Press | Akmed Series in Mediterranean Studies (Asms) – 3, İstanbul 2020, 311-316.
• J. S. Traill, The Political Organization of Attica: A Study of the Demes, Trittyes, and Phylai, and Their Representation in the Athenian Council (Hesperia Supplements, Vol. 14), Princeton 1975.
• Ç. Uygun, The Temple of Kronos at Tlos, in: T. Korkut (ed.), Festschrift für Heide Froning/Studies in Honour of Heide Froning, İstanbul 2018, 511-529.
• H. von Kamptz, Homerische Personennamen. Sprachwissenschaftliche und historische Klassifikation, Göttingen 1982.