Luvice ziti’li adlar, Likçe Ipresida ve Kaunosça Imbros

Year 2017, Volume: 14, 1 - 13, 15.05.2017

Diether Schürr

https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.318443

Abstract

-ziti (=‘adam’) içeren Luvice kişi isimleri geç
dönem hiyeroglif yazıtlarında görünmemektedir; en geç açık örnek Karkamış’da
M.Ö. 975 yıllarına tarihlenmektedir. Bu isimler, ne Sofulardaki Pisidia
yazıtlarında geçen -σητα ile yapılan isimlerde; ne Dağlık Kilikya, Isauria ve
Pamphylia’nın doğu kısımlarındaki Yunanca yazıtlardaki -σητας ile yapılan
isimlerde, ne de Pisidia ve Lykaonia’daki 

-σατης ya da Pamphylia’daki -σατας ile yapılan isimlerde devam etmiştir:
*-ζιδις, ya da en azından  *-σιδις, ve -σητα’daki η harfinin Luvice
olmayan bir dile işaret ettiğini beklememiz gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle Karia
ismi Músat’ın Luvice Muwaziti ile bir ilgisi
yoktur ve hatta büyük ihtimalle Pisidce Μουσητα ile bile ilişkisi
bulunmamaktadır. Bu ismi -at ile biten Karia isimleri ile
karşılaştırmak daha iyi olacaktır.

Tlos’tan ve Kyaneai’dan bilinen Likçe isim Ipresida Simena’dan
ve büyük ihtimalle Tlos’tan bilinen Ἰμβρασίδης ile uyuşmaktadır ve bu ismin
Yunan görünümde Luvi ismi Im(ma)raziti (bkz. Imbrasides: Ilias
ve Aineis destanlarında baba ismi) olması tamamen olasılık dışıdır. Bu ismin
Lykia’da kişi adı olarak kullanımı ve başka hiçbir yerde görünmemesi ismin bir
tanrı adı olarak yeniden yorumlanmasıyla yeniden uyarlanmış olabilir,
bkz. Iprehi: Tlos’ta da muhtemelen bir tanrı ismi (belki de
Apollon’a denk). Likçe’de sadece sidi (muhtemelen “damat”
anlamında), Luvice’de “koca” anlamındaki ziti- ile ilişki
içerisindedir.

Kaunos yakınındaki Imbros = Ölemez Dağı’nın tepesinde surla
çevrili bir yerleşim vardır ve Kaunos yazıtlarında pek çok Imbroslu
belgelenmiştir. Yerleşimin adı, bir Karca yazıtın başında Iβr olarak
tespit edilmiştir; onu muhtemelen “demiurgos” yerini tutan Karca sözcük takip
etmektedir. Yerleşimin ismi imb-r- olarak analiz edilmelidir,
çünkü *imb- tek başına Karca βanol = Ιβανωλλις ve
Lykia’daki Ιμβιαιμις ile belgelenmiştir. Bu nedenle bu ismin, tıpkı Likçe Iprehi ve Ipresida gibi,
Luvice *im(ma)ra- = Hititçe gimra-  ‘arazi’ ile
bir ilişkisi yoktur.

Keywords

Luvice, Pisidce, Likçe, Karca, Luvice ziti-isimleri, Luvice olmayan σητα- ve σατη-isimleri, Karca Músat, Luvice *im(ma)ra-, Likçe. Ipresida ve Homeros ile Vergilius’taki Imbrasides, Likçe Sidi, Imbros (Kaunos yakınındaki dağ) = Karca Iβr, Likçe Iprehi

Vom Aussterben der luwischen ziti-Namen, lykisch Ipresida und dem kaunischen Imbros

Abstract

On the Extinction of the Luwian ziti-Names, on Lycian Ipresida and the Caunian Imbros

Abstract

The Luwian personal names formed with -ziti ‘man’ did not
survive into the later hieroglyphic inscriptions; the latest clear example is
attested at Carchemish around 975 BC. They were not continued in the names
formed with -σητα in the Pisidian inscriptions from Sofular, with -σητας in
Greek inscriptions from Rough Cilicia, Isauria and the eastern margin of
Pamphylia, nor those with -σατης in Pisidia and Lycaonia or -σατας in
Pamphylia: We should expect *-ζιδις, or at least *-σιδις, and the η of -σητα
points rather to a non-Luwian language. The Carian name Músat has therefore
nothing to do with Luwian Muwaziti either, and probably not even with Pisidian
Μουσητα: it would be better to compare it with other Carian names ending in
-at.

The Lycian name Ipresida in Tlos and Cyaneae corresponds to Ἰμβρασίδης
in Simena and probably also in Tlos, and it is altogether improbable that this
is the Luwian name Im(ma)raziti in Greek guise (see Imbrasides as a patronym in
the Iliad and in the Aeneid). Its use as a personal name in Lycia and nowhere
else may have been stimulated by its re-interpretation as a theophoric name,
see Iprehi, probably a theonym (perhaps corresponding to Apollo), in Tlos too.
In Lycian only sidi, probably ‘son-in-law’, corresponds to Luwian ziti- in the
sense of ‘husband’.

The mountain Imbros = Ölemez Dağ near Caunos has a walled
settlement on top, and a remarkable quantity of Imbrians is attested in the
inscriptions of Caunos. The name of the settlement is attested by Iβr at the
beginning of a Carian inscription, probably followed by the Carian word for
‘demiurgos’. Its name should be analysed as imb-r-, because *imb-, alone is
attested by Carian βanol = Ιβανωλλις and Ιμβιαιμις in Lycia. It has therefore
nothing to do with Luwian *im(ma)ra- = Hittite gimra- ‘field’, just as Lycian
Iprehi and Ipresida.

Keywords

Luwian, Pisidian, Lycian, Carian, Luw. ziti-names, non-Luw. σητα- and σατη-names, Car. Músat, Luw. *im(ma)ra-, Lyc. Ipresida and Homeric-Vergilian Imbrasides, Lyc. Sidi, Imbros (the mountain near Caunos) = Car. Iβr, Lyc. Iprehi (prob. a god), Lyc.-Car. *i

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