New Inscriptions from the Smintheion

Year 2023, Volume: 25, 85 - 102, 16.05.2023

Tolga Özhan , Davut Kaplan

https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1263947

Cited By: 1

Abstract

This article presents six inscriptions from the sanctuary of Apollo Smintheus. Of these, inscription no. 2 was discovered during a survey in 2006 and the other five were found during the excavations at the site from 2009 onwards. In addition to the contribution of these inscriptions to the onomastic repertoire of Alexandreia Troas in general, inscription no. 1, which attests for the first time to the existence of the office of hieronomos at the sanctuary, and inscription no. 6, which records a religious association called ἱερὰ συμβίωσις are of particular interest. Inscription no. 1 is carved on an architectural block from a building of the Hellenistic period. It is not possible to determine with certainty to which building this block belongs, but the building or restoration costs were covered by the revenues of the god, and this construction activity is dated by the office of hieronomos. Also dating to the Hellenistic period, inscription no. 2 on an altar commemorates Kallistos, son of Agemachos, after his death. The depiction of a temple key on this altar suggests that Kallistos may have served Apollo Smintheus as a key-bearer. In inscription no. 3, a benefactor named Titus Aelius Metrodoros, bearing the title philopatris, is honoured by his dearest fatherland (γλυκυτάτη πατρίς), Alexandreia Troas. Inscription no. 4 on a marble plinth is a dedication of a column to Apollo Smintheus by Publius Quintilius Axios, probably a freedman of the Publii branch of the Quintilii, a senatorial family of Alexandreia Troas, and his wife Daphne. Inscription no. 5 is a dedication to Apollo Smintheus by Turianius Gamos, which is a variant of the rare nomen Turrianius. The final inscription no. 6 is an ex-voto offered to a sacred association (ἱερὰ συμβίωσις) by a person, for whom only the father's name and the nickname, Publius, have survived.

Keywords

Troad, Alexandreia Troas, Smintheion, Apollo Smintheus, hieronomos, dedication, Publius Quintilius Axios, the Quintilii, Turianius Gamos, sacred symbiosis

Smintheion’dan Yeni Yazıtlar

Abstract

Bu makalede Apollon Smintheus kutsal alanında bulunmuş altı yazıt tanıtılmaktadır. Bunlardan 2 numaralı yazıt 2006 yılında yapılan yüzey araştırmasında, diğer beş yazıt ise 2009 ve sonraki yıllardaki kazılar esnasında bulunmuştur. Bu yazıtların genel olarak Alexandreia Troas’ın onomastik repertuvarına katkılarının yanı sıra, kutsal alanda hieronomos’ların varlığını ilk kez doğrulayan 1 no.lu yazıt ve ἱερὰ συμβίωσις adlı olasılıkla dini bir derneği kayıt altına alan 6 no.lu yazıt özellikle ilgili çekicidir. 1 no.lu yazıt Helenistik döneme ait bir yapıya ait mimari bir blok üzerine kazınmıştır. Bu bloğun hangi yapıya ait olduğunu kesin olarak belirlemek mümkün olmasa da inşa veya restorasyon masrafları tanrının gelirlerinden karşılanmıştır ve bu inşa faaliyeti hieronomos makamı ile tarihlendirilmiştir. Yine Helenistik döneme tarihlenen bir sunak üzerindeki 2 no.lu yazıt, Agemakhos'un oğlu Kallistos'un ölümünden sonra onun hatırası için dikilmiş olmalıdır. Bu sunak üzerindeki tapınak anahtarı tasviri, Kallistos'un Apollon Smintheus'a anahtar taşıyıcı (κλειδοφόρος, κλειδοῦχος) olarak hizmet etmiş olabileceğini akıllara getirmektedir. 3 no.lu yazıtta Titus Aelius Metrodoros adında philopatris unvanı taşıyan bir hayırsever, çok sevgili vatanı (γλυκυτάτη πατρίς) Alexandreia Troas tarafından onurlandırılmaktadır. Mermer bir kaide üzerindeki 4 no.lu yazıt, Alexandreia Troas'ın senatör ailelerinden Quintiliuslar’ın Publii kolunun muhtemelen azatlısı olan Publius Quintilius Axios ve karısı Daphne tarafından Apollon Smintheus'a bir sütun adağıdır. 5 no.lu yazıt, Turianius Gamos tarafından Apollon Smintheus'a bir adaktır; Turianius, nadir bulunan Turrianius nomen’inin bir varyantıdır. Son yazıt, Apollon Smintheus'a kutsal bir dernek (ἱερὰ συμβίωσις) için, sadece baba adı ve Publius lakabı günümüze ulaşan bir kişi tarafından sunulan bir ex-voto'dur.

Keywords

Troad, Aleksandreia Troas, Smintheion, Apollon Smintheus, hieronomos, adak, Publius Quintilius Aksios, Quintiliuslar, Turianius Gamos, kutsal symbiosis

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