Yaşlılarda Anemi, Demir ve D Vitamini Eksikliği: Retrospektif Bir İnceleme

Year 2023, , 13 - 19, 30.04.2023

Zehra İncedal Sonkaya , Asli Kurtgöz

https://doi.org/10.47141/geriatrik.1237820

Abstract

Amaç: Anemi, demir ve D vitamini eksikliği toplumda oldukça yaygın görülen sağlık sorunlarıdır. Bununla birlikte yaşlılarda D vitamini prevalansına ilişkin yapılmış çalışma sayısı oldukça kısıtlıdır. Bu çalışma ile Amasya ilinde yaşlılarda D vitamini, anemi ve demir eksikliği prevalansının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dahiliye Polikliniklerine 01.01.2015-31.12.2020 tarihleri arasında başvuran 65 yaş ve üstü bireylerin hasta kayıtları üzerinden retrospektif olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılmak üzere hasta kayıtlarından bireylerin yaş, cinsiyet, hemogram, D vitamini ve serum demir düzeyleri, herhangi bir kronik hastalığının olma durumu, bireyin sağlık kuruluşuna başvurduğu tarih ve başvuru nedeni gibi bilgiler veri toplama formuna kaydedilmiştir.

Bulgular: Yaşlı bireylerin %66,6’sı kadın, %33,4’ü erkektir. Yaşlıların %38,4’ünde anemi, %48,1’inde demir eksikliği, %70,8’inde D vitamini eksikliği saptanmıştır. Yaşlı bireylerde hemoglobin değerleri, cinsiyet ile düşük demir değerleriyle orta düzeyde pozitif yönde ilişkili; hemoglobin değerleri yaş ve D vitamini değerleriyle düşük düzeyde negatif yönde ilişkili bulunmuştur. Regresyon analizi sonuçları, yaşı küçük, demir değerleri düşük ve kadın cinsiyetine sahip olmanın yaşlı bireylerde düşük hemoglobin değerleriyle ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir.

Sonuç: Bu çalışma yaşlı popülasyonda anemi, demir eksikliği ve D vitamini eksikliği/yetersizliğinin yaygın olarak görüldüğünü ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Yaşlı, Anemi, Demir Eksikliği, D Vitamini Eksikliği

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Anaemia, Iron, and Vitamin D Deficiency in the Elderly: A Retrospective Review

Abstract

Aim: Anaemia, iron, and vitamin D deficiency are prevalent health problems in society. Nevertheless, the number of studies on the prevalence of vitamin D in the elderly is minimal. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D, anaemia, and iron deficiency in the elderly in Amasya Province.

Materials and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively on the patient records of individuals aged 65 and over who applied to Amasya University Training and Research Hospital Internal Medicine Polyclinics between 01.01.2015 and 31.12.2020. Information including age, gender, hemogram, vitamin D, and serum iron levels of the individuals, the status of any chronic disease, the date of application of the individual to the health institution, and the reason for the application was recorded in the data collection form to be used in the study.

Results: 66.6% of the elderly individuals are female, and 33.4% are male. Anaemia was detected in 38.4% of the elderly, iron deficiency in 48.1%, and vitamin D severe deficiency in 40.7%. In elderly individuals, haemoglobin values were moderately positively correlated with gender and low iron values. In contrast, haemoglobin values were found to be negatively correlated with age and vitamin D values at a low level. The regression analysis results show that being underage, having low iron levels, and being of the female gender are associated with lower haemoglobin values in elderly individuals.

Conclusion: This study reveals that anaemia, iron deficiency, and vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency are common in the elderly.

Keywords

Elderly, Anaemia, Iron deficiency, Vitamin D deficiency

Project Number

Yok

References

• Pereira M, Ribas de Farias Costa P, Miranda Pereira E, et al. Does vitamin D deficiency increase the risk of obesity in adults and the elderly? A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies. Public Health. 2021;190:123-131.
• Constans T, Mondon K, Annweiler C, et al. Vitamin D et cognition chez le sujet âgé [Vitamin D and cognition in the elderly]. Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil. 2010;8(4):255-62.
• Woodman R, Ferrucci L, Guralnik J. Anemia in older adults. Curr Opin Hematol. 2005;12(2):123-128.
• Monlezun DJ, Camargo CA Jr, Mullen JT, et al. Vitamin D status and the risk of anemia in communitydwelling adults: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 2001-2006. Medicine 2015;94(50):e1799.
• Wacker M, Holick MF. Vitamin D effects on skeletal and extraskeletal health and the need for supplementation. Nutrients. 2013;5(1):111-148.
• Pearce SH, Cheetham TD. Diagnosis and management of vitamin D deficiency. BMJ. 2010;340:b5664.
• Yıldırım A. Regulations on aging at the national level in Turkey in the context of social policy. MANAS Journal of Social Studies. 2021;10(3):1889-1909.
• Çelebi ZK, Aydoğan Bİ, Uysal A. Frequency of vitamin d deficiency in postmenopausal women who live in Ankara region. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 2019;72(2):192-198.
• Arima K, Mizukami S, Nishimura T, et al. Epidemiology of the association between serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels and musculoskeletal conditions among elderly individuals: A Literature Review. J Physiol Anthropol. 2020;39(1):38.
• Yildirim T, Yalcin A, Atmis V, et al. The Prevalence of anemia, iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies in community dwelling elderly in Ankara, Turkey. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;60:344–348.
• Cankurtaran M, Saka B, Sahin S, et al. Turkish nursin homes and care homes nutritional status assessment project (THN-Malnutrition). European Geriatr Med. 2013;4:329–334.
• Patel KV, Harris TB, Faulhaber M, et al. Racial variation in the relationship of anemia with mortality and mobility disability among older adults. Blood. 2007;109:4663–4670.
• Lips P, Cashman KD, Lamberg-Allardt C, et al. Current vitamin D status in European and Middle East Countries and strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency; A Position Statement of the European Calcified Tissue Society. Eur J Endocrinol. 2019;180(4):23-54.
• Sezer SD, Demir B, Gülle S, et al. Incidence and etiology of anemia in the hospitalized geriatric patients. Tepecik Eğit Hast Derg. 2013;23(1):61-64.
• Goodnough LT, Schrier SL. Evaluation and management of anemia in the elderly. Am J Hematol. 2014;89(1):88–96.
• Ershler WB. Biological İnteractions of aging and anemia: A focus on cytokines. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51:18–21.
• GBD 2016. Disease and ınjury ıncidence and prevalence collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017;390:1211–59.
• Kassebaum NJ, Jasrasaria R, Naghavi M et al. A systematic analysis of Global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. Blood. 2014;123:615–24.
• Coban E, Timuragaoglu A, Meric M. Iron deficiency anemia in the elderly: Prevalence and endoscopic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract in outpatients. Acta Haematol. 2003;110:25–28.
• Niikura T, Oe K, Sakai Y, et al. Insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin d in elderly patients with fragility fractures of the Hip in the Japanese population. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2019;27(3):2309499019877517.
• Sahin Alak ZY, Ates Bulut E, Dokuzlar O, Yavuz I, Soysal P, Isik AT. Long-term effects of vitamin D deficiency on gait and balance in the older adults. Clin Nutr. 2020 Dec;39(12):3756-3762.
• Porto CM, Silva VL, da Luz J, et al. Association between vitamin D deficiency and heart failure risk in the elderly. ESC Heart Fail. 2018;5(1):63–74.
• AlFaris NA, AlKehayez NM, AlMushawah FI, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and associated risk factors in women from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):20371.
• Ates Bulut E, Soysal P, Yavuz I, Kocyigit SE, Isik AT. Effect of Vitamin D on Cognitive Functions in Older Adults: 24-Week Follow-Up Study. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2019 Mar;34(2):112-117.
• Ten Haaf D, Balvers M, Timmers S, et al. Determinants of vitamin D status in physically active elderly in the Netherlands. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(8):3121-3128.
• Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Vaes AM, van der Zwaluw NL, et al. Relative importance of summer sun exposure, vitamin D intake, and genes to vitamin D status in dutch older adults: The B-PROOF Study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016;164:168–176.
• Santoro D, Caccamo D, Lucisano S, et al. Interplay of vitamin D, erythropoiesis, and the renin-angiotensin system. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:145828.
• Riccio E, Sabbatini M, Bruzzese D, et al. Effect of paricalcitol vs calcitriol on hemoglobin levels in chronic kidney disease patients: A Randomized Trial. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0118174.
• Han SS, Kim M, Kim H, et al. Non-linear relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and hemoglobin in Korean females: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2011. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e72605.