Abstract
Long-term dietary habits are of great importance in the composition of the intestinal microbiota, which is represented by microorganisms that affect metabolic, physiological and immunological processes. The use of probiotics and prebiotics for the microbiota associated with nutrition is very popular. The fact that probiotics contain live microorganisms, which contribute significantly to the expansion of the food sector, can cause problems in industrial processes and storage. In recent years, in addition to probiotics and prebiotics, symbiotics in which probiotics and prebiotics are used in combination; postbiotics, which are metabolic by-products secreted by microorganisms, and paraprobiotics, which are non-living microbial cells, have started to attract a lot of attention. In the study, a literature review was conducted on the functions, health effects and uses of symbiotics, postbiotics and paraprobiotics in the food industry.