METHODS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF MOLDS IN FOODS

Year 2019, Volume: 44 Issue: 4, 692 - 706, 01.08.2019

Gülten Gündüz , İlkim Emenli

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD19044

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Molds are ubiquitous microorganisms in nature found on
air, soil, water and organic matter. Molds can adversely affect the health of
humans and animals by producing toxic metabolites. Molds also cause spoilage of
foods which results in economic loss. Identification of molds grown in foods is
crucial for the studies on inhibition of mold growth on foods, knowledge of
resistant and mycotoxigenic species. Conventional identification procedures are
based on the recognition of the colony morphology and microscobic observations.
Since traditional identification procedures are time consuming and require
specified personnel, there is a need for more rapid and reliable techniques to
identify molds. Rapid methods are expensive and need to be standardized with
extensive studies due to insufficient databases. Combination of conventional
and rapid methods increases the accuracy of the studies. In this review,
conventional, molecular, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight
(MALDI-TOF) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) methods used to
identify molds were investigated.

Keywords

Molds, identification methods, MALDI-TOF, FT-IR, molecular identification

GIDALARDA BULUNAN KÜFLERİN TANIMLANMASINDA KULLANILAN YÖNTEMLER

Abstract

Küfler doğada hava, toprak, su ve organik maddeler
üzerinde yaygın olarak bulunabilen mikroorganizmalardır. Küfler tarafından üretilen
toksik metabolitler nedeniyle, küflerin insan ve hayvan sağlığı üzerinde
olumsuz etkileri bulunmaktadır. Küfler gıdaların bozulmasına neden olarak
ekonomik kayıplara da sebep olmaktadır. Gıdalarda gelişen küflerin tanımlanması
dirençli türler, mikotoksijenik türler ve küf gelişiminin inhibisyonu gibi
konularda çalışmalar yapılmasında gereklidir. Küflerin tanımlanması koloni
morfolojisi ve mikroskobik özelliklerinin belirlenmesine dayanan geleneksel
yöntemler ile gerçekleştirilmektedir. Geleneksel yöntemlerin zaman alıcı olması
ve deneyimli personel gerektirmesi nedeniyle, daha hızlı ve güvenilir
yöntemlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Hızlı yöntemlerin maliyeti yüksek olup, aynı
zamanda veri tabanlarının yetersiz olması nedeniyle kapsamlı araştırmalar ile standartlaştırılması
gerekmektedir. Geleneksel ve hızlı yöntemlerin birlikte kullanılması
çalışmaların doğruluğunu arttırmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, küflerin
tanımlanmasında kullanılan geleneksel yöntemler, moleküler yöntemler, matriks
ile desteklenmiş lazer desorpsiyon/iyonizasyon uçuş zamanı kütle spektrometresi
(MALDI-TOF MS) ve fourier transform infrared spektroskopisi (FT-IR) yöntemleri
incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Küf, tanımlama yöntemleri, MALDI-TOF, moleküler tanımlama

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