ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF PEANUT (Arachis Hypogaea L.) OIL UNDER VARYING POWER AND FREQUENCIES USING DIFFERENT SOLVENTS

Year 2020, Volume: 45 Issue: 1, 61 - 71, 01.12.2019

Onur Ketenoğlu

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD19132

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The effects of extraction frequency and ultrasonic power
on the extraction yield and fatty acid composition of peanut oil were studied.
Also, the usability of ethanol as a less toxic and environmentally friendly
alternative to hexane –the most common solvent in conventional oil extraction–
was investigated. The highest extraction yields for ethanol and hexane were
respectively %40.55 and %45.19 at 37 kHz frequency and 80% ultrasonic power. It
was determined that all samples extracted with hexane had higher extraction
yields than those of ethanol. The differences between the ethanolic extraction
yields at 37 and 80 kHz were statistically significant. The major factor
affecting the extraction yield was the frequency for hexane; while
interactional effects of all process conditions were significant for ethanolic
extraction. The increment of ultrasonic frequency caused a decrease in the
extraction yields. Results revealed that different processing conditions did
not significantly affect fatty acid compositions. 

Keywords

Ultrasound-assisted extraction, Ethanol, Peanut oil, Oleic acid, Frequency, Ultrasonic power

YER FISTIĞI (Arachis Hypogaea L.) YAĞININ FARKLI ÇÖZÜCÜLER KULLANILARAK DEĞİŞKEN GÜÇ VE FREKANSLARDA ULTRASON DESTEKLİ EKSTRAKSİYONU

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, ultrason destekli ekstraksiyonla elde
edilen yer fıstığı yağının ekstrakiyon verimi ve yağ asidi bileşimi üzerine
farklı frekans ve ultrasonik gücün etkileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca yağ
ekstraksiyonunda yaygın olarak tercih edilen hekzan yerine, daha az toksik ve çevreye
daha duyarlı bir çözücü olan etanolün kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır.
Etanol ve hekzana ait en yüksek ekstraksiyon verimleri 37 kHz frekans ve %80
güçte elde edilmiştir ve sırasıyla %40.55 ve %45.19 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Hekzan verimlerinin tüm örneklerde etanole göre yüksek olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. 37 kHz ve 80 kHz frekanstaki etanol ekstraktlarının verimleri
arasındaki fark istatistik olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Varyans analizi
sonucunda, hekzan verimleri üzerine yalnızca frekansın etkili olduğu
belirlenirken, etanol verimleri üzerine işlem koşullarının interaksiyon
etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular frekans artışının verimde azalmaya neden
olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, uygulanan farklı işlem koşullarının yağ
asidi bileşiminde önemli bir etki göstermediği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Ultrason destekli ekstraksiyon, Etanol, Yer fıstığı yağı, Oleik asit, Frekans, Ultrasonik güç

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