Pilot Yakıt Olarak Dizel/n-Heptan, Dizel/Toluen Kullanan Dizel Bir Motorda CNG İlavesinin Etkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 15, 30.04.2020

Salih Özer , Erdinç Vural

Abstract

Dünyada var olan emisyon kısıtlamaları nedeniyle dizel motorlarının üretim süreçleri sekteye uğramıştır. Çünkü dizel motorlarının çevreyi kirlettiği görülmüştür. Bu nedenle dizel motorlarında emisyonları azaltmaya yönelik çalışmalardan birisi olarak da alternatif yakıtların kullanımı gelmektedir. Seçilecek olan alternatif yakıtın ise hem ekonomik hem de çevreci olması en büyük handikapların başında gelmektedir. Günümüzde dizel motorlarında sıkıştırılmış doğalgaz (CNG) kullanımında bazı kısıtlamaların olduğu bilinen bir gerçektir. Bu çalışma hem çevreci hem de ekonomik bir yakıt olan CNG’nin dizel motorlarında kullanımındaki olumsuzlukların ortadan kaldırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla pilot yakıt olarak kullanılan dizel yakıtına hacimce %2,5, %5 ve %10 oranında toluen ve n-heptan ilave edilerek her bir pilot yakıt karışımına da tüketilen sıvı yakıtın %20 ve %40 oranına denk CNG emme manifoltundan verilmiştir. Tüm yakıt karışımları ile motor deneyleri 1, 2, 3, ve 4 kW motor yüklerinde 3000 d/dak motor hızında tekrarlanmıştır. N-heptan katkılı pilot yakıta CNG ilavesi ile birlikte fren özgül yakıt tüketiminde ve egzoz gazı sıcaklığında artış görülürken toluenli yakıt karışımı ile yakıt tüketiminde artış, egzoz gazı sıcaklığında ise azalma görülmüştür. Bunun yanında CNG ilavesi ile birlikte hidrokarbon (HC) ve karbon monoksit (CO) emisyonlarında artış azotoksitler (NOx) ve is emisyonlarında azalma tespit edilmiştir. n-heptan katkılı yakıta CNG ilavesi ile birlikteyse tüm motor emisyon değerlerinde iyileşmenin olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Dizel Motor, CNG, n-heptan, toluen, performans, emisyon

Effects of CNG addition in a diesel engine using diesel/n-heptane, diesel/toluene as pilot fuel

Abstract

The production processes of diesel engines have been interrupted due to the emissions restrictions that exist in the world. Because diesel engines have been proven to pollute the environment more than other types of engines. Therefore, efforts to reduce the emissions of diesel engines have gained momentum. At the beginning of these studies is the use of alternative fuels. Of these alternative fuels, the most important commercially available fuels are gas fuels. In gas fuels, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed natural gas CNG have an important place. It is a known fact that there are some restrictions on the use of CNG in diesel engines. This study aimed to eliminate the negative effects of CNG, which is both an environmental and economical fuel, on the use of diesel engines. For this purpose, toluene and n-heptan were added to the diesel fuel used as pilot fuel by 2.5%, 5% and 10% by volume and given to each pilot fuel mixture from the CNG intake manifold equivalent to 20% and 40% of the liquid fuel consumed. Engine experiments with all fuel mixtures were repeated at 3000 rpm with 1 kW, 2 kW, 3 kW and 4 kW engine loads. With the addition of CNG to the N-heptan-doped pilot fuel, the brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature increased, while the toluene fuel mixture increased fuel consumption and the exhaust gas temperature decreased. In addition, increase in hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions along with CNG addition were found to decrease in azotoxits (NOx) and soot emissions. with the addition of CNG to n-heptan added fuel, it was observed that there was an improvement in all engine emission values. 

Keywords

Diesel engine, CNG, n-heptane, toluene, engine performance

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