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A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications

Year 2023, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 608 - 622, 01.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1050325

Abstract

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is an indispensable component of the Photovoltaic (PV) systems to maximize efficiency. Perturb and observe (P&O) is one of the prevalent MPPT methods owing to its easier structure for implementation but it suffers from problems of slow tracking and oscillations around the MPP. In this paper, a modified variable step size MPPT algorithm based on P&O method is proposed to obtain maximum power output from the PV system coupled with a boost DC-DC converter. The proposed method employs the scaled power difference as a control variable to enable variation of step size for each cycle. Results obtained by simulation and experimental work verified that the proposed algorithm is potent mitigating the problems related with classical P&O method.

Supporting Institution

Mersin Üniversity

Project Number

2017-1-TP2-2268

Thanks

Authors gratefully thank Prof. Engin Özdemir and Kocaeli University Energy Systems Engineering Department for the allocation of their facilities to conduct experimental part of this study.

References

  • [1] Gules, R., Pacheco, J., Hey, H., and Imhoff, J., “A maximum power point tracking system with parallel connection for PV stand-alone applications”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 55(7): 2674-2683, (2008).
  • [2] Subudhi, B., and Pradhan, R., “A Comparative Study on Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Power Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 4(1): 89-98, (2012).
  • [3] Eltawil, M., and Zhao, Z., “MPPT techniques for photovoltaic applications”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 25: 793-813, (2013).
  • [4] Reza Reisi, A., Hassan Moradi, M., Jamasb, S., “Classification and comparison of maximum power point tracking techniques for photovoltaic system: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 19: 433-443, (2013).
  • [5] Ram, P., Babu, T., Rajasekar, N., “A comprehensive review on solar PV maximum power point tracking techniques”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 67: 826-847, (2017).
  • [6] Salam, Z., Ahmed, J., Merugu, B., “The application of soft computing methods for MPPT of PV system: A technological and status review”, Applied Energy, 107(C): 135-148, (2013).
  • [7] Baimel, D., Tapuchi, S., Levron, Y., Belikov, J., “Improved fractional open circuit voltage MPPT methods for PV systems”, Electronics, 8: 321-341, (2019).
  • [8] Sher, H., Murtaza, A., Noman, A., Addoweesh, E., Al-Haddad, K., Chiaberge, M., “A New sensorless hybrid MPPT algorithm based on fractional short-circuit current measurement and P&O MPPT”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 6(4): 1426-1434, (2015).
  • [9] Noh, H., Lee, D., and Hyun, D., “An improved MPPT converter with current compensation method for small scaled PV-applications”, Proceedings of IEEE 28th Annual Conference of the Industrial Electronics Society, Seville, 1113-1118, (2008).
  • [10] Li, J., and Wang, H., “A novel stand-alone PV generation system based on variable step size INC MPPT and SVPWM control”, Proceedings of IEEE 6th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, Wuhan, 2155-2160, (2009).
  • [11] Ali, A., Li, W., and He, X., “Simple moving voltage average incremental conductance MPPT technique with direct control method under nonuniform solar irradiance conditions”, International Journal of Photoenergy, 2015: 1-12, (2015).
  • [12] Elgendy, M., Zahawi, B., Atkinson, D., “Assessment of perturb and observe MPPT algorithm implementation techniques for PV pumping applications”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 3(1): 21-33, (2012).
  • [13] Esram, T., Chapman, P., “Comparison of photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking techniques”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 22(2): 439-449, (2007).
  • [14] Baba, A., Liu, G., Chen, X., “Classification and Evaluation Review of Maximum Power Point Tracking Methods”, Sustainable Futures, 2: (2020).
  • [15] Karami, N., Moubayed, N., Outbib, R., “General review and classification of different MPPT techniques”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68: 1-18, (2017).
  • [16] Al-Diab, A., Sourkounis, C., “Variable step size P&O MPPT algorithm for PV systems”, Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Brasov, 1097-1102, (2010).
  • [17] Kolesnik, S., Kuperman, A., “On the equivalence of major variable-step-size MPPT algorithms”, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 6(2): 590-594, (2016).
  • [18] Messalti, S., Harrag, A., Loukriz, A., “A new variable step size neural networks MPPT controller: Review, simulation and hardware implementation”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68: 221-233, (2017).
  • [19] Xu, Z., Yang, P., Zhou, D., Li, P., Lei, J., Chen, Y., “An improved variable step size MPPT algorithm based on INC.”, Journal of Power Electronics, 15(2): 487-496, (2015).
  • [20] Loukriz, A., Haddadi, M., Messalti, S., “Simulation and experimental design of a new advanced variable step size incremental conductance MPPT algorithm for PV systems”, ISA Transactions, 62: 30-38, (2016).
  • [21] Belkaid, A., Colak, I., Kayisli, K., “Implementation of a modified P&O-MPPT algorithm adapted for varying solar radiation conditions”, Electrical Engineering, 99: 839-846, (2017).
  • [22] Yüksek, G., Mete, A., “A hybrid variable step size MPPT method based on P&O and INC methods”, Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), Bursa, 949-953, (2017).
  • [23] Rashid, M. H., “Power Electronics Handbook”, 539-562, Academic Press, (2007).
  • [24] Mohanty, S., Subudhi, B., Ray, P. K., “A new MPPT design using grey Wolf optimization technique for photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 7(1): 181-188, (2016).
  • [25] Wang, Y., Li, Y., Ruan, X., “High-Accuracy and fast-speed MPPT methods for PV string under partially shaded conditions”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(1): 235-245, (2016).
  • [26] Farayola, M., Hasan, A., Ali, A., “Comparison of modified incremental conductance and fuzzy logic MPPT algorithm using modified CUK converter”, Proceedings of 8th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC 2017), Amman, (2017).
  • [27] Halder, T., “A maximum power point tracker (MPPT) using the incremental conductance (INC) technique”, Proceedings of 7th India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE), Patiala, (2016).
  • [28] Hsieh, G., Hsieh, H., Tsai, C., Wang, C., “Photovoltaic power-increment-aided incremental-conductance MPPT with two-phased tracking”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 28(6): 2895-2911, (2013).
  • [29] Mahmoud, Y., El-Saadany, E., “A Novel MPPT technique based on an image of PV modules”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 32(1): 213-222, (2017).
  • [30] Ghasemi, M., Ramyar, A., Iman-Eini, H., “MPPT method for PV systems under partially shaded conditions by approximating I-V Curve”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(5): 3966-3975, (2018).
  • [31] Xiao, W., Dunford, W. G., “A modified adaptive hill climbing MPPT method for photovoltaic power systems”, Proceedings of 35th IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Aachen, 1957-1963, (2004).
  • [32] Chen, Y., Jhang, Y., Liang, R. H., “A fuzzy-logic based auto-scaling variable step-size MPPT method for PV systems”, Solar Energy, 126: 53-63, (2016).
  • [33] Thangavelu, A., Vairakannu, S., Parvathyshankar, D., “Linear open circuit voltage-variable step-size-incremental conductance strategy-based hybrid MPPT controller for remote power applications”, IET Power Electronics, 10(11): 1363-1376, (2017).
  • [34] Jusoh, A., Alik, R., Guan, T., Sutikno, T., “MPPT for PV system based on variable step size P&O algorithm”, Telkomnika (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), 15(1): 79-92, (2017).
  • [35] Standart, “E. EN 50530 - Overall efficiency of grid connected photovoltaic inverters”, (2010).
  • [36] Abdourraziq, M. A., Ouassaid, M., and Maaroufi, M. “Comparative study of MPPT using variable step size for photovoltaic systems”, 2014 Second World Conference on Complex Systems (WCCS), Agadir, 374-379, (2014).
  • [37] Khaehintung, N., Wiangtong, T., and Sirisuk, P., “FPGA Implementation of MPPT Using Variable Step-Size P&O Algorithm for PV Applications”, Proceedings of 2006 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, Bangkok, 212-215, (2006).
  • [38] Ahmed E. M., and Shoyama, M., “Stability study of variable step size incremental conductance/impedance MPPT for PV systems”, Proceeding of 8th International Conference on Power Electronics - ECCE Asia, Jeju, 386-392, (2011).
  • [39] Aashoor, F. A. O., and Robinson, F. V. P., “A variable step size perturb and observe algorithm for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking”, Proceedings of 47th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Uxbridge, 1-6, (2012).
Year 2023, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 608 - 622, 01.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1050325

Abstract

Project Number

2017-1-TP2-2268

References

  • [1] Gules, R., Pacheco, J., Hey, H., and Imhoff, J., “A maximum power point tracking system with parallel connection for PV stand-alone applications”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 55(7): 2674-2683, (2008).
  • [2] Subudhi, B., and Pradhan, R., “A Comparative Study on Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Power Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 4(1): 89-98, (2012).
  • [3] Eltawil, M., and Zhao, Z., “MPPT techniques for photovoltaic applications”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 25: 793-813, (2013).
  • [4] Reza Reisi, A., Hassan Moradi, M., Jamasb, S., “Classification and comparison of maximum power point tracking techniques for photovoltaic system: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 19: 433-443, (2013).
  • [5] Ram, P., Babu, T., Rajasekar, N., “A comprehensive review on solar PV maximum power point tracking techniques”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 67: 826-847, (2017).
  • [6] Salam, Z., Ahmed, J., Merugu, B., “The application of soft computing methods for MPPT of PV system: A technological and status review”, Applied Energy, 107(C): 135-148, (2013).
  • [7] Baimel, D., Tapuchi, S., Levron, Y., Belikov, J., “Improved fractional open circuit voltage MPPT methods for PV systems”, Electronics, 8: 321-341, (2019).
  • [8] Sher, H., Murtaza, A., Noman, A., Addoweesh, E., Al-Haddad, K., Chiaberge, M., “A New sensorless hybrid MPPT algorithm based on fractional short-circuit current measurement and P&O MPPT”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 6(4): 1426-1434, (2015).
  • [9] Noh, H., Lee, D., and Hyun, D., “An improved MPPT converter with current compensation method for small scaled PV-applications”, Proceedings of IEEE 28th Annual Conference of the Industrial Electronics Society, Seville, 1113-1118, (2008).
  • [10] Li, J., and Wang, H., “A novel stand-alone PV generation system based on variable step size INC MPPT and SVPWM control”, Proceedings of IEEE 6th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, Wuhan, 2155-2160, (2009).
  • [11] Ali, A., Li, W., and He, X., “Simple moving voltage average incremental conductance MPPT technique with direct control method under nonuniform solar irradiance conditions”, International Journal of Photoenergy, 2015: 1-12, (2015).
  • [12] Elgendy, M., Zahawi, B., Atkinson, D., “Assessment of perturb and observe MPPT algorithm implementation techniques for PV pumping applications”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 3(1): 21-33, (2012).
  • [13] Esram, T., Chapman, P., “Comparison of photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking techniques”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 22(2): 439-449, (2007).
  • [14] Baba, A., Liu, G., Chen, X., “Classification and Evaluation Review of Maximum Power Point Tracking Methods”, Sustainable Futures, 2: (2020).
  • [15] Karami, N., Moubayed, N., Outbib, R., “General review and classification of different MPPT techniques”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68: 1-18, (2017).
  • [16] Al-Diab, A., Sourkounis, C., “Variable step size P&O MPPT algorithm for PV systems”, Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Brasov, 1097-1102, (2010).
  • [17] Kolesnik, S., Kuperman, A., “On the equivalence of major variable-step-size MPPT algorithms”, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 6(2): 590-594, (2016).
  • [18] Messalti, S., Harrag, A., Loukriz, A., “A new variable step size neural networks MPPT controller: Review, simulation and hardware implementation”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68: 221-233, (2017).
  • [19] Xu, Z., Yang, P., Zhou, D., Li, P., Lei, J., Chen, Y., “An improved variable step size MPPT algorithm based on INC.”, Journal of Power Electronics, 15(2): 487-496, (2015).
  • [20] Loukriz, A., Haddadi, M., Messalti, S., “Simulation and experimental design of a new advanced variable step size incremental conductance MPPT algorithm for PV systems”, ISA Transactions, 62: 30-38, (2016).
  • [21] Belkaid, A., Colak, I., Kayisli, K., “Implementation of a modified P&O-MPPT algorithm adapted for varying solar radiation conditions”, Electrical Engineering, 99: 839-846, (2017).
  • [22] Yüksek, G., Mete, A., “A hybrid variable step size MPPT method based on P&O and INC methods”, Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), Bursa, 949-953, (2017).
  • [23] Rashid, M. H., “Power Electronics Handbook”, 539-562, Academic Press, (2007).
  • [24] Mohanty, S., Subudhi, B., Ray, P. K., “A new MPPT design using grey Wolf optimization technique for photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 7(1): 181-188, (2016).
  • [25] Wang, Y., Li, Y., Ruan, X., “High-Accuracy and fast-speed MPPT methods for PV string under partially shaded conditions”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(1): 235-245, (2016).
  • [26] Farayola, M., Hasan, A., Ali, A., “Comparison of modified incremental conductance and fuzzy logic MPPT algorithm using modified CUK converter”, Proceedings of 8th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC 2017), Amman, (2017).
  • [27] Halder, T., “A maximum power point tracker (MPPT) using the incremental conductance (INC) technique”, Proceedings of 7th India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE), Patiala, (2016).
  • [28] Hsieh, G., Hsieh, H., Tsai, C., Wang, C., “Photovoltaic power-increment-aided incremental-conductance MPPT with two-phased tracking”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 28(6): 2895-2911, (2013).
  • [29] Mahmoud, Y., El-Saadany, E., “A Novel MPPT technique based on an image of PV modules”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 32(1): 213-222, (2017).
  • [30] Ghasemi, M., Ramyar, A., Iman-Eini, H., “MPPT method for PV systems under partially shaded conditions by approximating I-V Curve”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(5): 3966-3975, (2018).
  • [31] Xiao, W., Dunford, W. G., “A modified adaptive hill climbing MPPT method for photovoltaic power systems”, Proceedings of 35th IEEE Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Aachen, 1957-1963, (2004).
  • [32] Chen, Y., Jhang, Y., Liang, R. H., “A fuzzy-logic based auto-scaling variable step-size MPPT method for PV systems”, Solar Energy, 126: 53-63, (2016).
  • [33] Thangavelu, A., Vairakannu, S., Parvathyshankar, D., “Linear open circuit voltage-variable step-size-incremental conductance strategy-based hybrid MPPT controller for remote power applications”, IET Power Electronics, 10(11): 1363-1376, (2017).
  • [34] Jusoh, A., Alik, R., Guan, T., Sutikno, T., “MPPT for PV system based on variable step size P&O algorithm”, Telkomnika (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), 15(1): 79-92, (2017).
  • [35] Standart, “E. EN 50530 - Overall efficiency of grid connected photovoltaic inverters”, (2010).
  • [36] Abdourraziq, M. A., Ouassaid, M., and Maaroufi, M. “Comparative study of MPPT using variable step size for photovoltaic systems”, 2014 Second World Conference on Complex Systems (WCCS), Agadir, 374-379, (2014).
  • [37] Khaehintung, N., Wiangtong, T., and Sirisuk, P., “FPGA Implementation of MPPT Using Variable Step-Size P&O Algorithm for PV Applications”, Proceedings of 2006 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, Bangkok, 212-215, (2006).
  • [38] Ahmed E. M., and Shoyama, M., “Stability study of variable step size incremental conductance/impedance MPPT for PV systems”, Proceeding of 8th International Conference on Power Electronics - ECCE Asia, Jeju, 386-392, (2011).
  • [39] Aashoor, F. A. O., and Robinson, F. V. P., “A variable step size perturb and observe algorithm for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking”, Proceedings of 47th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Uxbridge, 1-6, (2012).
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Authors

Gökhan Yüksek 0000-0002-6832-8622

Ahmet Naci Mete 0000-0002-0406-8577

Project Number 2017-1-TP2-2268
Publication Date June 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 36 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yüksek, G., & Mete, A. N. (2023). A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications. Gazi University Journal of Science, 36(2), 608-622. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1050325
AMA Yüksek G, Mete AN. A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications. Gazi University Journal of Science. June 2023;36(2):608-622. doi:10.35378/gujs.1050325
Chicago Yüksek, Gökhan, and Ahmet Naci Mete. “A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications”. Gazi University Journal of Science 36, no. 2 (June 2023): 608-22. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1050325.
EndNote Yüksek G, Mete AN (June 1, 2023) A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications. Gazi University Journal of Science 36 2 608–622.
IEEE G. Yüksek and A. N. Mete, “A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications”, Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 608–622, 2023, doi: 10.35378/gujs.1050325.
ISNAD Yüksek, Gökhan - Mete, Ahmet Naci. “A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications”. Gazi University Journal of Science 36/2 (June 2023), 608-622. https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1050325.
JAMA Yüksek G, Mete AN. A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2023;36:608–622.
MLA Yüksek, Gökhan and Ahmet Naci Mete. “A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications”. Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 36, no. 2, 2023, pp. 608-22, doi:10.35378/gujs.1050325.
Vancouver Yüksek G, Mete AN. A P&O Based Variable Step Size MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Applications. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2023;36(2):608-22.